Enclosure is commonly used in the restoration of degraded grasslands.However,the effects of enclosure on grassland plant and soil restoration remain controversial,particularly in deserts.To assess the effects of enclo...Enclosure is commonly used in the restoration of degraded grasslands.However,the effects of enclosure on grassland plant and soil restoration remain controversial,particularly in deserts.To assess the effects of enclosure on desert plants and soil properties,using high throughput sequencing,the differences between plants and soil were systematically analyzed before and after enclosure construction.The soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the three desert flora increased and decreased,but the difference was not significant;enclosure increased plant height,coverage,aboveground biomass,and species richness by 58.99%,59.35%,33.29%,and 51.21%,respectively,in a Seriphidium transiliense formation;by 15.49%,33.52%,20.85%,and 5.13%,respectively,in a Haloxylon persicum formation;and by 83.80%,31.51%,76.66%and 33.33%,respectively,in an Anabasis salsa formation.For soil bacteria,enclosure significantly increased the average number of operational taxonomic units and Shannon-Wiener index by 12.74% and 2.92%,respectively,under S.transiliense formation and by 17.08% and 3.17%,respectively,under H.persicum formation.However,enclosure had no significant effect on the average number of operational taxonomic units or Shannon-Wiener index under A.salsa formation.Enclosure significantly increased desert plants,soil bacterial diversity,and desert plant community productivity;however,the increase in soil nutrient content was not significant.These results demonstrate that enclosure is effective for restoring desert ecosystems but may have little effect on the soil nutrient content.展开更多
Desert ephemeral plants play an important role in desert ecosystem.Soil water availability is considered as the major restrictive factor limiting the growth of ephemeral plants.Moreover,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（A...Desert ephemeral plants play an important role in desert ecosystem.Soil water availability is considered as the major restrictive factor limiting the growth of ephemeral plants.Moreover,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AM fungi） are widely reported to improve the growth of desert ephemerals.The present study aimed to test the hypothesis of that AM fungi could alleviate drought stress of desert ephemeral Plantago minuta,and AM fungal functions reduced with the improvement of soil water content.A pot experiment was carried out with three levels of soil water contents（4.5%,9.0%,and 15.8%（w/w））,and three AM inoculation treatments（Glomus mosseae,Glomus etunicatum and non-inoculation）.The results indicate that mycorrhizal colonization rate decreased with the increase of soil water availability.Inoculation improved plant growth and N,P and K acquisition in both shoots and roots regardless water treatments.When comparing the two fungi,plants inoculated with G.mosseae performed better than those inoculated with G.etunicatum in terms of plant growth and nutrient acquisition.These results showed that ameliorative soil water did not suppress arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal functions in improving growth and nutrient acquisition of desert ephemeral Plantago minuta.展开更多
Nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） are the major nutrients that constrain plant growth and development, as well as the structure and function of ecosystems. Hence, leaf N and P patterns can contribute to a deep under...Nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） are the major nutrients that constrain plant growth and development, as well as the structure and function of ecosystems. Hence, leaf N and P patterns can contribute to a deep understanding of plant nutrient status, nutrient limitation type of ecosystems, plant life-history strategy and differentiation of functional groups. However, the status and pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometry in N-deficiency desert ecosystems remain unclear. Under this context, the leaf samples from 57 plant species in the Karamori Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve, eastern Junggar Desert, China were investigated and the patterns and interrelations of leaf N and P were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the average leaf N concentration, P concentration, and N：P ratio were 30.81 mg/g, 1.77 mg/g and 17.72, respectively. This study found that the leaf N concentration and N：P ratio were significantly higher than those of studies conducted at global, national and regional scales; however, the leaf P concentration was at moderate level. Leaf N concentration was allometrically correlated with leaf P and N：P ratio across all species. Leaf N, P concentrations and N：P ratio differed to a certain extent among plant functional groups. C4 plants and shrubs, particularly shrubs with assimilative branches, showed an obviously lower P concentration than those of C3 plants, herbs and shrubs without assimilative branches. Shrubs with assimilative branches also had lower N concentration. Fabaceae plants had the highest leaf N, P concentrations （as well as Asteraceae） and N：P ratio; other families had a similar N, P-stoichiometry. The soil in this study was characterized by a lack of N （total N：P ratio was 0.605）, but had high N availability compared with P （i.e. the available N：P ratio was 1.86）. This might explain why plant leaves had high N concentration （leaf N：P ratio〉16）. In conclusion, the desert plants in the extreme environment in this study have formed their intrinsic and special stoichiometric characteristics in relation to their life-history strategy.展开更多
基金The National Basic Resources Survey Project of China(2017FY100201)。
文摘Enclosure is commonly used in the restoration of degraded grasslands.However,the effects of enclosure on grassland plant and soil restoration remain controversial,particularly in deserts.To assess the effects of enclosure on desert plants and soil properties,using high throughput sequencing,the differences between plants and soil were systematically analyzed before and after enclosure construction.The soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the three desert flora increased and decreased,but the difference was not significant;enclosure increased plant height,coverage,aboveground biomass,and species richness by 58.99%,59.35%,33.29%,and 51.21%,respectively,in a Seriphidium transiliense formation;by 15.49%,33.52%,20.85%,and 5.13%,respectively,in a Haloxylon persicum formation;and by 83.80%,31.51%,76.66%and 33.33%,respectively,in an Anabasis salsa formation.For soil bacteria,enclosure significantly increased the average number of operational taxonomic units and Shannon-Wiener index by 12.74% and 2.92%,respectively,under S.transiliense formation and by 17.08% and 3.17%,respectively,under H.persicum formation.However,enclosure had no significant effect on the average number of operational taxonomic units or Shannon-Wiener index under A.salsa formation.Enclosure significantly increased desert plants,soil bacterial diversity,and desert plant community productivity;however,the increase in soil nutrient content was not significant.These results demonstrate that enclosure is effective for restoring desert ecosystems but may have little effect on the soil nutrient content.
基金funded by the Foundation for University Key Teacher by Henan Educational Committee (2013GGJS070)the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB954202)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40971150)the China Scholarship Council (201208410020)
文摘Desert ephemeral plants play an important role in desert ecosystem.Soil water availability is considered as the major restrictive factor limiting the growth of ephemeral plants.Moreover,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AM fungi） are widely reported to improve the growth of desert ephemerals.The present study aimed to test the hypothesis of that AM fungi could alleviate drought stress of desert ephemeral Plantago minuta,and AM fungal functions reduced with the improvement of soil water content.A pot experiment was carried out with three levels of soil water contents（4.5%,9.0%,and 15.8%（w/w））,and three AM inoculation treatments（Glomus mosseae,Glomus etunicatum and non-inoculation）.The results indicate that mycorrhizal colonization rate decreased with the increase of soil water availability.Inoculation improved plant growth and N,P and K acquisition in both shoots and roots regardless water treatments.When comparing the two fungi,plants inoculated with G.mosseae performed better than those inoculated with G.etunicatum in terms of plant growth and nutrient acquisition.These results showed that ameliorative soil water did not suppress arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal functions in improving growth and nutrient acquisition of desert ephemeral Plantago minuta.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41201056)the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB954202)+2 种基金the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XBBS-2014-20)the Program of Joint Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundationthe Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(U1503101)
文摘Nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） are the major nutrients that constrain plant growth and development, as well as the structure and function of ecosystems. Hence, leaf N and P patterns can contribute to a deep understanding of plant nutrient status, nutrient limitation type of ecosystems, plant life-history strategy and differentiation of functional groups. However, the status and pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometry in N-deficiency desert ecosystems remain unclear. Under this context, the leaf samples from 57 plant species in the Karamori Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve, eastern Junggar Desert, China were investigated and the patterns and interrelations of leaf N and P were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the average leaf N concentration, P concentration, and N：P ratio were 30.81 mg/g, 1.77 mg/g and 17.72, respectively. This study found that the leaf N concentration and N：P ratio were significantly higher than those of studies conducted at global, national and regional scales; however, the leaf P concentration was at moderate level. Leaf N concentration was allometrically correlated with leaf P and N：P ratio across all species. Leaf N, P concentrations and N：P ratio differed to a certain extent among plant functional groups. C4 plants and shrubs, particularly shrubs with assimilative branches, showed an obviously lower P concentration than those of C3 plants, herbs and shrubs without assimilative branches. Shrubs with assimilative branches also had lower N concentration. Fabaceae plants had the highest leaf N, P concentrations （as well as Asteraceae） and N：P ratio; other families had a similar N, P-stoichiometry. The soil in this study was characterized by a lack of N （total N：P ratio was 0.605）, but had high N availability compared with P （i.e. the available N：P ratio was 1.86）. This might explain why plant leaves had high N concentration （leaf N：P ratio〉16）. In conclusion, the desert plants in the extreme environment in this study have formed their intrinsic and special stoichiometric characteristics in relation to their life-history strategy.
