In order to develop organic rice and increase paddy soil fertility by cloverorganic rice rotation, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on growth of clover nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and soil fertility after plantation...In order to develop organic rice and increase paddy soil fertility by cloverorganic rice rotation, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on growth of clover nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and soil fertility after plantation were investigated, thereby providing certain reference for reasonable cultivation of clover and improvement of soil fertility. A two-year experiment was conducted from 2012 to 2013. The clover was cultivated after rice every year, and different levels of N, P and K fertilizers were applied before winter. In the treatment group, no fertilizer was applied. The effects of different fertilizers and different application amounts on clover yield, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia quantity, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia weight and soil fertility after plantation were analyzed. The results showed that the application of N, P and K fertilizers in the early stage had significantly effect on the growth of clover. When the application amount of N fertilizer was 75 kg/hm^2（N 46%）, the clover yield, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia quantity and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia weight were highest. The soil nitrogen content after plantation increased with the increase of the application amount of N fertilizer, while the P and K content decreased and then increased with the increased application amounts. Soil available P content increased with the increased application amounts of N and P fertilizers, but it did not change significantly with the increased application amount of K fertilizer. Soil available K content increased first and then decreased with the increased application amounts of N and P fertilizers.When the application amounts of N and P fertilizers were 150（N 46%） and 300（P_2O_5 12%） kg/hm^2, soil available K content reached the maximum. Soil organic matter content increased with the increased application amounts of N, P and K fertilizers. Therefore, in the cultivation of clover, appropriate application of N, P and K fertilizers in the early stage can improve clover yield and soil fertility.展开更多
The application of large amounts of fertilizers, a conventional practice in northern China for the production of vegetable crops, generally leads to substantial accumulation of soil nutrients within a relatively short...The application of large amounts of fertilizers, a conventional practice in northern China for the production of vegetable crops, generally leads to substantial accumulation of soil nutrients within a relatively short period of time. A fixed field experiment was designed to study the effects of nitrogen （N） and potassium （K） fertilizers applied to optimize the yield and quality of typical vegetable crops. Application of N and K fertilizers significantly increased the yields of kidney bean. The largest yields were obtained in the first and second years after application of 1 500 kg N and 300 kg K20 ha^-1. In the third year, however, there was a general decline in yields. Maximum yields occurred when intermediate rates of N and K （750 kg N and 300 kg K20 ha 1） were applied. However, no significant differences were observed in the concentrations of vitamin C （VC） in kidney bean among different years and various rates of fertilizer treatments. Yields of tomato grown in rotation after kidney bean showed significant responses to the application of N and K in the first year. In the second year, the yields of tomato were much lower. This suggested that the application of N fertilizer did not have any effect upon tomato yield, whereas application of K fertilizer did increase the yield. Application of K fertilizer was often associated with increased sugar concentrations.展开更多
The growth, chlorophyll composition, photosynthesis, respiration, K uptake and root K+ secretion offlue-cured tobacco as thected by different concentrations of N supplied as urea, NaNO3 and NH4NO3 werestudied under th...The growth, chlorophyll composition, photosynthesis, respiration, K uptake and root K+ secretion offlue-cured tobacco as thected by different concentrations of N supplied as urea, NaNO3 and NH4NO3 werestudied under the experimental condition of sand culture. The results showed that the content of K in thefiue-cured tobacco was not merely related with root vitality and uptake but also closely related with root cellmembrane structure and K+ secretion.展开更多
为了探讨露地西兰花的NPK合理施用量,提出科学的施肥配比。在宁夏引黄灌区通过田间试验研究了不同NPK供应水平对露地西兰花产量和地上部NPK吸收累积的影响,并评价了其肥料效率。结果表明:施用N、P肥对西兰花有显著增产作用,而施K处理间...为了探讨露地西兰花的NPK合理施用量,提出科学的施肥配比。在宁夏引黄灌区通过田间试验研究了不同NPK供应水平对露地西兰花产量和地上部NPK吸收累积的影响,并评价了其肥料效率。结果表明:施用N、P肥对西兰花有显著增产作用,而施K处理间无显著差异。相对于N0和P0处理,增施N、P肥可分别提高23.6%～36.2%和7.6%～11.5%的经济产量。适当增施NPK肥能显著提高西兰花的地上部NPK养分累积。西兰花的肥料利用率、农学效率和偏生产力都随施肥量增加而降低。每施用1 kg N、1 kg P_2O_5、1 kg K2O分别可生产50.9～184.7、89.3～369.1、53.9～220.2 kg西兰花经济产量,其随施肥量增加呈显著降低趋势。西兰花经济产量与施N量(R2=0.886)、施P量(R2=0.906)和施K量(R2=0.794)都呈二次曲线关系。综合考虑蔬菜产量、养分累积和肥料效率,建议宁夏引黄灌区露地西兰花的施肥量分别为N 189.8～200.0 kg/hm^2、P_2O_579.8～86.8 kg/hm^2和K2O 80.2～112.5 kg/hm^2,其施肥配比为1:0.42～0.43:0.42～0.56。展开更多
基金Science&Technology Specific Project for Enriching People and Strengthening County Economy(BN2015221)~~
文摘In order to develop organic rice and increase paddy soil fertility by cloverorganic rice rotation, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on growth of clover nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and soil fertility after plantation were investigated, thereby providing certain reference for reasonable cultivation of clover and improvement of soil fertility. A two-year experiment was conducted from 2012 to 2013. The clover was cultivated after rice every year, and different levels of N, P and K fertilizers were applied before winter. In the treatment group, no fertilizer was applied. The effects of different fertilizers and different application amounts on clover yield, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia quantity, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia weight and soil fertility after plantation were analyzed. The results showed that the application of N, P and K fertilizers in the early stage had significantly effect on the growth of clover. When the application amount of N fertilizer was 75 kg/hm^2（N 46%）, the clover yield, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia quantity and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia weight were highest. The soil nitrogen content after plantation increased with the increase of the application amount of N fertilizer, while the P and K content decreased and then increased with the increased application amounts. Soil available P content increased with the increased application amounts of N and P fertilizers, but it did not change significantly with the increased application amount of K fertilizer. Soil available K content increased first and then decreased with the increased application amounts of N and P fertilizers.When the application amounts of N and P fertilizers were 150（N 46%） and 300（P_2O_5 12%） kg/hm^2, soil available K content reached the maximum. Soil organic matter content increased with the increased application amounts of N, P and K fertilizers. Therefore, in the cultivation of clover, appropriate application of N, P and K fertilizers in the early stage can improve clover yield and soil fertility.
基金the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (No.2006BAD17B07)the IndependentInnovation Program of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences of China (No.2007ycx023-01).
文摘The application of large amounts of fertilizers, a conventional practice in northern China for the production of vegetable crops, generally leads to substantial accumulation of soil nutrients within a relatively short period of time. A fixed field experiment was designed to study the effects of nitrogen （N） and potassium （K） fertilizers applied to optimize the yield and quality of typical vegetable crops. Application of N and K fertilizers significantly increased the yields of kidney bean. The largest yields were obtained in the first and second years after application of 1 500 kg N and 300 kg K20 ha^-1. In the third year, however, there was a general decline in yields. Maximum yields occurred when intermediate rates of N and K （750 kg N and 300 kg K20 ha 1） were applied. However, no significant differences were observed in the concentrations of vitamin C （VC） in kidney bean among different years and various rates of fertilizer treatments. Yields of tomato grown in rotation after kidney bean showed significant responses to the application of N and K in the first year. In the second year, the yields of tomato were much lower. This suggested that the application of N fertilizer did not have any effect upon tomato yield, whereas application of K fertilizer did increase the yield. Application of K fertilizer was often associated with increased sugar concentrations.
文摘The growth, chlorophyll composition, photosynthesis, respiration, K uptake and root K+ secretion offlue-cured tobacco as thected by different concentrations of N supplied as urea, NaNO3 and NH4NO3 werestudied under the experimental condition of sand culture. The results showed that the content of K in thefiue-cured tobacco was not merely related with root vitality and uptake but also closely related with root cellmembrane structure and K+ secretion.
文摘为了探讨露地西兰花的NPK合理施用量,提出科学的施肥配比。在宁夏引黄灌区通过田间试验研究了不同NPK供应水平对露地西兰花产量和地上部NPK吸收累积的影响,并评价了其肥料效率。结果表明:施用N、P肥对西兰花有显著增产作用,而施K处理间无显著差异。相对于N0和P0处理,增施N、P肥可分别提高23.6%～36.2%和7.6%～11.5%的经济产量。适当增施NPK肥能显著提高西兰花的地上部NPK养分累积。西兰花的肥料利用率、农学效率和偏生产力都随施肥量增加而降低。每施用1 kg N、1 kg P_2O_5、1 kg K2O分别可生产50.9～184.7、89.3～369.1、53.9～220.2 kg西兰花经济产量,其随施肥量增加呈显著降低趋势。西兰花经济产量与施N量(R2=0.886)、施P量(R2=0.906)和施K量(R2=0.794)都呈二次曲线关系。综合考虑蔬菜产量、养分累积和肥料效率,建议宁夏引黄灌区露地西兰花的施肥量分别为N 189.8～200.0 kg/hm^2、P_2O_579.8～86.8 kg/hm^2和K2O 80.2～112.5 kg/hm^2,其施肥配比为1:0.42～0.43:0.42～0.56。
