AIM： To investigate the value and prospect of RT-PCR in detecting micrometastasis in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer. METHODS： Histopathology was used and K19 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR in tumor t...AIM： To investigate the value and prospect of RT-PCR in detecting micrometastasis in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer. METHODS： Histopathology was used and K19 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR in tumor tissues and lymph nodes from gastric cancer patients undergoing radical resection of gastric carcinoma. RESULTS： K19 mRNA was expressed in all tumor specimens of 30 cases; of the 126 lymph nodes, 26 were histopathologically positive （20.6%）, and 42 positive （33.3%） by RT-PCR. Amplification fragments of 460 and 540 bp were shown in all the tumor tissues and metastatic lymph nodes after K19 and β-actin RT-PCR, while only a 540 bp fragment appeared in the lymph nodes of non-tumor patients. CONCLUSION： K19 mRNA RT-PCR is sensitive and specific in testing micrometastasis in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer, and it is superior to routine histopathology.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented spike in confirmed cases in 230 countries globally. In this work, a set of data from the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak has been subjected to two well-known unsupervise...The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented spike in confirmed cases in 230 countries globally. In this work, a set of data from the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak has been subjected to two well-known unsupervised learning techniques: K-means clustering and correlation. The COVID-19 virus has infected several nations, and K-means automatically looks for undiscovered clusters of those infections. To examine the spread of COVID-19 before a vaccine becomes widely available, this work has used unsupervised approaches to identify the crucial county-level confirmed cases, death cases, recover cases, total_cases_per_million, and total_deaths_per_million aspects of county-level variables. We combined countries into significant clusters using this feature subspace to assist more in-depth disease analysis efforts. As a result, we used a clustering technique to examine various trends in COVID-19 incidence and mortality across nations. This technique took the key components of a trajectory and incorporates them into a K-means clustering process. We separated the trend lines into measures that characterize various features of a trend. The measurements were first reduced in dimension, then clustered using a K-means algorithm. This method was used to individually calculate the incidence and death rates and then compare them.展开更多
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its variety that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have had a great impact on human health and society since it was epidemic in 2019. The traditional immunological theor...The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its variety that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have had a great impact on human health and society since it was epidemic in 2019. The traditional immunological theories believe that human body resists the invasion of exogenous substances, such as different kinds of pathogenic microorganisms, through natural immunity and acquired immunity. We have greatly understood the underlying mechanisms of these two kinds of immunities, which are achieved through cellular and humoral immunity. Immune cells mainly include B and T cells. B cells produce specific antibodies and participate in the humoral immune response, while T cells have more extensive immune effects related to the cellular immune response. Therefore, such traditional immunological theories allow us habitually believe that the human body can resist the attack of virus as long as we have established the so-called normal cellular and humoral immune functions, however, in fact, this is not the case. The traditional ideas make us ignore the most critical, but simple and important defense system in our body to fight against the attack of foreign microorganisms, and that is the intracellular potassium ions (K+) and extracellular sodium ions (Na+), in particular, the intracellular potassium ions, called “K+/Na+ natural immune system”. The abnormality of this system, in particular, the intracellular relative deficiency of potassium ions, may have a very important relationship with the susceptibility and pathogenesis of the body to viral infection, and could explain a series of confusing phenomena that appeared during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.展开更多
基金Supported by funds from the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, China
文摘AIM： To investigate the value and prospect of RT-PCR in detecting micrometastasis in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer. METHODS： Histopathology was used and K19 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR in tumor tissues and lymph nodes from gastric cancer patients undergoing radical resection of gastric carcinoma. RESULTS： K19 mRNA was expressed in all tumor specimens of 30 cases; of the 126 lymph nodes, 26 were histopathologically positive （20.6%）, and 42 positive （33.3%） by RT-PCR. Amplification fragments of 460 and 540 bp were shown in all the tumor tissues and metastatic lymph nodes after K19 and β-actin RT-PCR, while only a 540 bp fragment appeared in the lymph nodes of non-tumor patients. CONCLUSION： K19 mRNA RT-PCR is sensitive and specific in testing micrometastasis in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer, and it is superior to routine histopathology.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented spike in confirmed cases in 230 countries globally. In this work, a set of data from the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak has been subjected to two well-known unsupervised learning techniques: K-means clustering and correlation. The COVID-19 virus has infected several nations, and K-means automatically looks for undiscovered clusters of those infections. To examine the spread of COVID-19 before a vaccine becomes widely available, this work has used unsupervised approaches to identify the crucial county-level confirmed cases, death cases, recover cases, total_cases_per_million, and total_deaths_per_million aspects of county-level variables. We combined countries into significant clusters using this feature subspace to assist more in-depth disease analysis efforts. As a result, we used a clustering technique to examine various trends in COVID-19 incidence and mortality across nations. This technique took the key components of a trajectory and incorporates them into a K-means clustering process. We separated the trend lines into measures that characterize various features of a trend. The measurements were first reduced in dimension, then clustered using a K-means algorithm. This method was used to individually calculate the incidence and death rates and then compare them.
文摘The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its variety that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have had a great impact on human health and society since it was epidemic in 2019. The traditional immunological theories believe that human body resists the invasion of exogenous substances, such as different kinds of pathogenic microorganisms, through natural immunity and acquired immunity. We have greatly understood the underlying mechanisms of these two kinds of immunities, which are achieved through cellular and humoral immunity. Immune cells mainly include B and T cells. B cells produce specific antibodies and participate in the humoral immune response, while T cells have more extensive immune effects related to the cellular immune response. Therefore, such traditional immunological theories allow us habitually believe that the human body can resist the attack of virus as long as we have established the so-called normal cellular and humoral immune functions, however, in fact, this is not the case. The traditional ideas make us ignore the most critical, but simple and important defense system in our body to fight against the attack of foreign microorganisms, and that is the intracellular potassium ions (K+) and extracellular sodium ions (Na+), in particular, the intracellular potassium ions, called “K+/Na+ natural immune system”. The abnormality of this system, in particular, the intracellular relative deficiency of potassium ions, may have a very important relationship with the susceptibility and pathogenesis of the body to viral infection, and could explain a series of confusing phenomena that appeared during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
