U-Pb Dating of Volcanic Rocks and Granites along the Wuyishan Belt:Constraints on Timing of Late Mesozoic Tectonic Events in Southeast China

Five volcanic rock samples and two granite samples taken from the volcanic basins in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi were dated by using the zircon laser albation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U-Pb method. Together with previously dated ages, the dates obtained provide important constraints on the timing of late Mesozoic tectonic events in SE China. The volcanic rock samples yield ages of 183.1±3.5 Ma, ca. 141 Ma to 135.8±1.1 Ma, 100.4±1.5 to 97.6±1.1 Ma, confirming three episodes of late Mesozoic volcanic activities, which peaked at 180±5 Ma, 140±5 Ma and 100±5 Ma, respectively, along the Wuyishan belt. Moreover, based on field investigations of these volcano-sedimentary basins, we have recognized two compressional tectonic events along this belt. The early one was characterized by Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic NNE-trending folds that were intruded by late Jurassic granites; and the late one caused the Lower Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary layer to be tilted. The dated age 152.9±1.4 Ma of the granitic samples from the Hetian granitic pluton in the Changting Basin and that from the Baishiding granitic pluton, 100.2±1.8 Ma, in the Jianning Basin, give the upper boundaries of these two tectonic events respectively. Hence, the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of SE China was alternated between extension and compression.

Permian Tectonic Evolution in the Middle Part of Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Evidence from Newly Identified Volcanic Rocks in the Bilutu Area, Inner Mongolia

In this study, zircon U-Pb ages, geochemical and Lu-Hf isotopic data are presented for the newly identified volcanic rocks which were considered as Bainaimiao group in Bainaimiao Arc Belt(BAB), Inner Mongolia, which could provide important constraints on the evolution of the northern part of North China Block(NCB) and BAB. Basalt to basaltic andesite and andesite to dacite were collected from two sections, which showed eruption ages of 278.2±4.1 Ma and 258.3±3.0 Ma respectively. All samples are characterized by high abundances in Al2O3, LREEs, and LILEs, but depleted in HFSEs. Together with high Mg# ratios and low K/tholeiite to calc-alkaline series, these features indicated that basalt to andesite was likely derived from relatively low degree partial melting of the subduction-fluid related mantle in the spinel phase. And dacite was mainly from the partial melting of crust, then affected by mantle. All samples barely went through fractional crystallization process with the slight Eu anomaly. Compared with the contemporary basalt in NCB, rocks in BAB have a complex composition of zircon and a more positive εHf(t) value(-6.6-6.4), indicating that they had different magma sources of rocks. Though with different basements, NCB and BAB have become an integrated whole before 278 Ma. Therefore, it could be concluded that NCB and BAB belonged to the active continental margin and the PAO had not closed yet until late Permian and then it disappeared gradually and the CAOB developed into a condition of syn-post collision.

Sodium-rich volcanic rocks and their relationships with iron deposits in the Aqishan-Yamansu belt of Eastern Tianshan,NW China

The volcanic rocks hosting the iron deposits in the Aqishan–Yamansu metallogenic belt are sodium-rich.The geochronology,petrography,and geochemistry of minerals and sodium-rich rocks as well as the relationship between these rocks and the iron deposits are studied.Geochemically,the ore-hosting volcanic rocks are sodiumrich(the averages of Na2O and Na2O/K2O are 4.31 wt.%and 8.56,respectively)and belong to the calc-alkaline series.They are enriched in LREEs and LILEs(Ba,U,K,and Sr),but depleted in HFSEs(Nb,Ta,and Ti).SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating of the crystal tuff in the Aqishan Formation and the dacite in the Tugutu Bulak Formation yields ages of 337.5
2.3 Ma(n?15,MSWD?0.85)and 313.0
3.3 Ma(n?13,MSWD?0.74),respectively,indicating that the sodium-rich volcanic rocks formed from the early–late Carboniferous.Electron microprobe data from plagioclases demonstrate that albites and/or oligoclases were formed in the basic–intermediate–acid volcanic rocks.Two stages of albitization are identified,and the latter is likely attributed to the dissolution of iron in the Aqishan–Yamansu belt.The sodium-rich volcanic rocks probably formed by the interaction between volcanic lava and seawater after volcanoes erupted on the seafloor;meanwhile,the albites formed by element substitution in a low-metamorphic environment.The spatiotemporal coupling relationship between sodium-rich volcanic rocks and iron deposits in the Aqishan–Yamansu belt is favorable.Iron dissolved from the dark minerals of basic–intermediate volcanic rocks through sodium metasomatism is one of the material sources for the iron deposits.

Geochemical Characteristics of the Tayuan Volcanic Rocks in the Daxinganling Metallogenic Belt

1 Introduction Daxinganling region is one of the most important nonferrous metal metallogenetic province(Wu et al.,2011;Li et al.,2014).The northern Daxinganling was a geological blank area in China formerly(Li et al.,2017).However,the region has a huge resource potential.Forty metal deposits have been found in the area recently,with

A study on the geochemical characteristics of Upper Permian continental marginal arc volcanic rocks in the northern segment of South Lancangjiang Belt

Geochemical characteristics of the Upper Permian (P-2) continental marginal arc volcanic rocks are described, which have been found recently around the areas of Xiaodingxi and Zangli on the eastern side of the Yunxian|Lincang granite, in terms of rock assemblage, petrochemistry, REE, trace elements, Pb isotopes, geotectonic environment and so on. The volcanic rock assemblage is dominated by basalt-andesite-dacite, with minor trachyte andecite-trachyte; the volcanic rock series is predominated by the calc-alkaline series, with minor tholleiite series and alkaline series rocks; the volcanic rocks are characterized by high Al-2O-3 and low TiO-2, with K-2O contents showing extremely strong polarity; the REE distribution patterns are characterized by LREE enrichment and right-inclined type; trace elements and large cation elements are highly enriched, Ti and Cr are depleted, and P and Nb are partially depleted; the Pb composition is of the Gondwana type; the petrochemical points mostly fall within the field of island-arc volcanic rocks, in consistency with the projection of data points of continental marginal volcanic rocks in the southern segment of the South Lancangjiang Belt and the North Lancangjiang Belt. This continental marginal arc volcanic rock belt, together with the ocean-ridge and ocean-island volcanic rocks and ophiolites in the Changning-Menglian Belt, constitute the ocean-ridge volcanic rock, ophiolite-arc rock-magmatic rock belts which are distributed in pairs, indicating that the Lancangjiang oceanic crust subducted eastwards. This result is of great importance in constraining the evolution of the paleo-Tethys in the Lancangjiang Belt.

Newly developed evidence for the original Tethysan island-arc volcanic rocks in the southern segment of the South Lancangjiang Belt

This paper re-describes the characteristics of pre-Ordovician (Pt3) metamorphic volcanic rocks in the Huimin-Manlai region of Yunnan Province from the aspects of petrographic characteristics, rock assemblage, petrochemistry, REE, trace elements, lead isotopes and geotectonic setting. The metamorphic volcanic rocks maintain blasto-intergranular and blasto-andesitic textures; the volcanic rocks are characterized by a basalt-andesite-dacite assemblage; the volcanic rocks are basic-intermediate-intermediate-acid in chemical composition, belonging to semi-alkaline rocks, with calc-alkaline series and tholeiite series coexisting, and they are characterized by low TiO2 contents; their REE distribution patterns are of the LREE-enrichment right-inclined type; the volcanic rocks are enriched in large cation elements and commonly enriched in Th and partly depleted in Ti, Cr and P, belonging to the Gondwana type as viewed from their Pb isotopic composition; petrochemically the data points fall mostly within the field of island-arc volcanic rocks. All these characteristics provided new evidence for the existence of original Tethysan island-arc volcanic rocks in the region studied.

A Petrographic and Mineralogical Study of Volcanic Rocks from the Mayaxueshan Area, North Qilian Fold Belt, NW China

The Ordovician volcanic rocks in the Mayaxueshan area have been pervasivelyaltered or metamorphosed and contain abundant secondary minerals such as albite, chlorite, epidote,prehnite, pumpellyite, actinolite, titanite, quartz, and/or calcite. They were denoted as spilitesor spilitic rocks in terms of their petrographic features and mineral assemblages. The metamorphicgrades of the volcanic rocks are equivalent to that of the intercalated metaclastic rocks. Thisindicates that both the spilitic volcanic rocks and metaclastic rocks in the Mayaxueshan area haveformed as a result of Caledonian regional metamorphism. We suggest that the previously denotedspilitic rocks or altered volcanic rocks should be re-denoted as metabasalts or metabasaltic rocks.The metamorphic grade of the volcanic rocks increases with their age: prehnite-pumpellyite faciesfor the upper part of the Middle Ordovician volcanic rocks, prehnite-pumpellyite to lowergreenschist facies for the lower part of the Middle Ordovician volcanic rocks, and lower greenschistfacies for the Lower Ordovician volcanic rocks. The P-T conditions are estimated as T = 240 - 290deg C and P = 1.5-4.5 kbar for the lower part of the Middle Ordovician rocks, and T = approx 300 degC for the Lower Ordovician rocks. The variations of mineral assemblages occurring at differentdomains of the volcanic rocks were controlled by the variations of the effective bulk composition inthose domains during metamorphism. The geochemical characteristics of Mg-Al chromite in theMayaxueshan volcanic rocks are consistent with an origin of island arc environment.

A study on neogene volcanic landforms of the middle Tanlu fault belt

The west block of the middle belt of TanLu fault belt is one of the areas where volcanic landforms are mainly distributed. This paper divides the volcanic landforms into four grades according to formation, morphology, and ingredient of matter. Lava cones are divided into two types based on the force of top-support and the fluid form of magma: the arc-projecting type and spring-spilling type. Furthermore, the courses of development of volcanic landforms are divided into three stages according to the form and strength of volcanic activities.

Evolution of Mesozoic Volcanic Basins and Red Basins in the Gan-Hang Tectonic-Volcanic Metallogenic Belt

This paper mainly proposes six major regional geological events in the active continental-margin mantle uplift zone and discusses the oscillation nature of the evolution of Mesozoic volcanic basins and red basins, origin of erosion in the late stage of red basins and mechanism of volcanism.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOLOGICAL GENERAL FIELD OF VOLCANIC BELT IN LANCANG RIFT VALLEY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR EXPLORATION

Based on the theory of dissipative structures and moving character-parameters of elements,this paper examines the characteristics of the geological general field of volcanic belt in the Lancang rift valley,west Yunnan,China-with an open system and lower pressure environment,the volcanic belt is characterized by a large scale continuously graduating dissipative structure and three orders of concentrated minerogenetic material fields,and by the energy fields that influence the time and space structure of material fields.The research shows that the third order minerogenetic material fields which surround volcanic eruptive centers and have hydrothermal superposition and reconstruction after the magma stage possess favorable prognosis targets for copper polymetal.

Petrogenetic study of Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks of North Delhi fold belt, NW Indian shield: implications for mantle conditions during Proterozoic

Mesoproterozoic North Delhi fold belt of NW Indian shield comprises three volcano-sedimentary basins viz. Bayana, Alwar and Khetri aligned parallel to each other from east to west. Each basin contains excellent exposures of mafic volcanic rocks. Major, trace and rare earth element abundances of volcanic rocks of the three basins are significantly diverse. Bayana and Alwar volcanics are tholeiites bearing close similarity with low Ticontinental flood basalts. However, Bayana volcanics are characteristically enriched in incompatible trace elements and REEs while Alwar volcanics display least enriched incompatible trace element abundances and flat REE patterns. The Khetri volcanics exhibit a transitional composition between tholeiite and calc-alkaline basalts. REE based source modeling suggests that Bayana suite was formed from the melts derived from 1 % to 10 %(avg.4 %) of the partial melting of a spinel lherzolite source giving a residual mineralogy of 56 % Olv, 25 % Opx and19 % Cpx. Whereas Alwar suite evolved through 12 %–20 %(avg. 15 %) partial melting of the same source with a residual mineralogy 61 % Olv, 25 % Opx and 14 % Cpx.Khetri volcanics are exposed at two localities Kolihan and Madhan–Kudhan. The Kolihan volcanics were derived from 1 % to 6 %(avg. 4 %) partial melting with residualmineralogy 56 % Olv, 25 % Opx and 19 % Cpx whereas the magma of Madhan Kudhan volcanic suite was generated by 15%–30 % partial melting of the same source leaving behind 64 % Olv, 25 % Opx and 11 % Cpx as residual mineralogy. This source modeling proves that melts of Bayana and Alwar tholeiites were generated by partial melting of a common source within the spinel stability field under the influence of mantle plume. During the course of ascent, Bayana melts were crustally contaminated but Alwar melts remained unaffected. There was two tier magma production in Khetri region, one from the partial melting of the mantle wedge overlying the subducted oceanic plate which formed Kolihan suite and two the melting of the subducted plate itself generating Madhan–Kudhan volcanics. It is interpreted that during Mesoproterozoic(1,800 Ma), the continental lithosphere of NW Indian shield suffered stretching, attenuation and fracturing in response to a rising plume. Consequently, differential crustal extension coupled with variable attenuation brought the asthenosphere to shallower setting which led to the production of tholeiitic melts. These melts enroute to the surface suffered variable lithospheric contamination depending upon the thickness of traversed crust. The Khetri basin attained maturity which resulted in the generation of true oceanic crust and its subsequent destruction through subduction. The spatial existence of three suites of mafic volcanics of diverse chemical signatures is best example of subduction–plume interaction. It is therefore, proposed that the Mesoproterozoic crust of NW Indian shield has evolved through the operation of a complete Wilson cycle at about1,832 Ma, the age of mafic volcanics of Khetri basin.

Geochemistry of the Caledonian Basic Volcanic Rocks at the South Margin of the Qinling Orogenic Belt, and Its Tectonic Implications

The geochemistry of the basic volcanic rocks at the south margin of the Qinling orogenic belt (SMQOB) suggests that they were formed in an intraplate tectonic setting. The REE distribution patterns show these rocks are strongly enriched in LREE with high ΣREE, and their trace elements geochemistry is similar to that of continental flood basalt. All the above evidence suggests that the Caledonian basic volcanic rocks in the SMQOB were tholeiitic basalts formed in an intraplate spreading initial rift tectonic setting. The characteristics of regional geology and geochemistry indicate that there was an intraplate spreading rift tectonic setting between the South Qinling block and the Yangtze block in the Caledonian epoch. The dynamic spreading in this district began in the Early Caledonian and then the intraplate spreading initial rifts were formed in the Late Caledonian. As a result of spreading of the Tethys and geodynamic processes in deep mantle, the Mianlue Huashan oceanic basin was formed between the Qinling block and the Yangtze block in Devonian, and the Qinling microplate was separated from the northern part of the Yangtze plate.

Petrology and Tectonic Setting of Volcanic Rocks in West and South West of Salafchegan, Qom, Iran

In the west and south-west part of Salafchegan near Zavarian village in Iran (in central Iranian volcano plotonic belt), there are some volcanic rocks. Based on petrography and geochemistry findings, these volcanic rocks are Basalt, Andesite, Tracky-Andesite, Trackyte, Latite, Dacite. Tectono-magmatic diagram Y versus Zr shows the magmatic arc setting and Zr/TiO2 versus Ce/P2O5 diagram contrasts post colligenal magmatic arcs. The HFSE depletion in the MORB spider diagram shows significant volcanic arc magmatism. The high enrichment of Eu, Sr, Th, Rb, Cs, K (LFS elements) and Y, Zr, Hf shows negative anomaly and subduction tectonic setting. Based on MORB, Chondrite and primitive mantle spider diagrams, LREE have enriched to HREE in this area. The results of petrography, geochemistry and tectonic setting studies in this area, indicate that neogene magmatism occurred in post colligenal tectonic setting—subduction of Neo-thetise ocean under central Iranian plate in neogen era.

松辽盆地深层中-基性火山岩有利相带及储层“甜点”逐级识别

松辽盆地深层下白垩统火石岭组中-基性火山岩广泛发育,岩性-岩相复杂,储层横向非均质性强,储层“甜点”识别难,制约了油气勘探和开发。以查干花地区为例,研究了松辽盆地深层中-基性火山岩岩相及储层特征,提出了火山通道、有利岩相、有利岩性及储层甜点识别方法。研究表明:①火山岩岩相主要为3相6亚相,优质储层岩性主要为粗粒、细粒凝灰岩和凝灰质砂岩,在近-中源相带中火山爆发相储层最为发育,相带控制了有利岩性凝灰岩的分布区域,物性和含气性是火山岩“甜点”的主要控制因素。②通过分析每个喷发期次的裂缝密度,结合蚂蚁体与地震数据的叠合剖面,识别出了不同喷发期次的火山通道,以判断火山近源相带,再结合火山机构厚度和能量半衰时属性划分中源与远源相带的边界,实现储层“甜点”发育区的定性刻画。③为降低地震反演定量预测中-基性火山岩储层的多解性,优选出低波阻抗表征沉凝灰岩,低密度表征高核磁孔隙度储层,低拉梅常数表征气层,基于此,在叠前反演密度预测孔隙度数据体的基础上,逐级剔除干扰沉凝灰岩、低孔隙度层及非气层,得到较为可靠的火山岩储层“甜点”空间分布预测结果。经验证,预测结果符合有利相带分布规律,且与已钻井气层解释结论吻合。应用有利相带定性认识及逐级定量刻画“甜点”空间分布,部署井取得较好效果,该方法可在深层火山岩“甜点”分布地震预测中广泛推广。

华北克拉通五台绿岩带锆石年代学及地质意义

五台花岗-绿岩带位于华北克拉通中部造山带的中心地区,保存有较完整的地质记录,并赋存条带状铁建造(BIFs)型铁矿,一直是研究的热点地区之一。然而,该绿岩带尚需详细年代学研究来重新厘定其岩石地层划分。本文对该区域三个组,即金岗库组、柏枝岩组和鸿门岩组中发育的变质火山岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素组成分析。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,五台花岗-绿岩带五台群中的金岗库组、柏枝岩组和鸿门岩组的变质火山岩喷发年龄分别为2540±8 Ma、2524~2530 Ma和2513~2517 Ma,同时还记录了~2700 Ma的继承年龄和1930~1853 Ma的变质年龄。锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果显示它们的εHf(t)值分别为+0.4~+5.5、+1.2~+7.5和+2.2~+10.5,相应的亏损地幔模式年龄为2639~2845 Ma、2546~2788 Ma和2425~2752 Ma,εHf(t)值呈现大的变化且增加的趋势。结合前人的研究,本文确定了五台群中的金刚库组、庄旺-文溪组、柏枝岩组和鸿门岩组分别形成于~2540 Ma、~2530 Ma、~2525 Ma和~2515 Ma,它们记录了四期火山活动,说明五台绿岩带中的表壳岩系尽管经历了变形变质作用的改造依然保存了较完整的地层层序序列,并提出回撤-前进式俯冲-底冲演化模型。这些结果对理解五台花岗-绿岩带乃至华北克拉通新太古代-古元古代构造及演化具有重要意义。

西大别造山带新元古代中期双峰式火山岩的发现对扬子陆块北缘构造演化的约束

扬子陆块北缘新元古代中期的构造机制(是俯冲-增生造山、还是后造山-裂谷)是华南新元古代构造演化研究中长期争论的重要科学问题。本文在西大别造山带红安桃花地区新识别出双峰式火山岩,为进一步揭示扬子陆块新元古代中期岩浆-构造演化过程和动力学机制提供了新的制约信息。SIMS和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,桃花双峰式火山岩形成年龄为750~740 Ma。基性火山岩为拉斑玄武质,显示由正常洋中脊型玄武岩向弧型玄武岩演化的微量元素特征,且具有变化的全岩εNd(t)值(0.05~+5.96)。这些基性火山岩可能是亏损的软流圈地幔在减压条件下部分熔融的产物,岩浆经历了结晶分异和围岩混染。酸性火山岩中,徐门寨样品富硅(SiO2≥75%)和碱(K2O+Na2O≥7%),富集REE和HFSE(如Zr、Hf、Nb、Y),其Zr+Ce+Y+Nb≥600×10-6,10000Ga/Al≥2.6,与分异A型花岗岩类相似。它们同时具有富集的Hf-Nd同位素组成,其锆石εHf(t)值主要集中在12.32~1.88,而全岩εNd(t)值为13.29~9.60,可能是区域上新元古代早期的岩浆岩在高温低压条件下部分熔融形成的产物。综合本文和前人的资料表明,南秦岭-桐柏-大别-苏鲁造山带在新元古代中期(780~635 Ma)的双峰式岩浆组合形成于一个软流圈上涌、岩石圈拉张减薄的大陆裂谷环境;高温-低压条件下的软流圈、岩石圈地幔和地壳的熔融及其相互反应,是这一时期不同性质岩浆形成的主要原因。

特提斯喜马拉雅带东部陆热地区火山岩年代学、地球化学及成因研究

本文首次开展了对特提斯喜马拉雅带东部陆热地区的中酸性火山岩进行了系统的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、全岩主元素、微量元素研究,结果表明:陆热地区酸性火山岩主要为英安岩和流纹岩,样品锆石U-Pb定年获得了141.1 Ma±1.3 Ma、135.3 Ma±6.6 Ma两个年龄值;稀土元素分配图呈明显的右倾模式,轻重稀土分馏明显,Eu负异常;在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图中,样品富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),显示出壳源岩浆的特征。陆热地区中性火山岩为安山岩,样品锆石的U-Pb年龄为133.9 Ma±4.9 Ma,样品稀土元素分配图呈明显的右倾型模式,且没有明显的Eu异常。在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图中,样品无Nb、Ta负异常,且其Mg^(#)值较高(42.9),相容性元素Ni、Co、Cr、V等含量相对较高,显示出一定的幔源岩浆特征。本研究认为,陆热地区酸性火成岩是在地壳伸展减薄的拉伸环境以及Kerguelen地幔柱活动的双重作用下,幔源岩浆底侵使上地壳发生部分熔融形成;中性火成岩则是与Kerguelen地幔柱活动有关的基性岩浆经历了一定程度的分离结晶,并沿着构造裂缝上涌喷出形成。

北天山巴音沟石炭纪安山岩岩石成因及构造意义

北天山增生杂岩带是北天山洋最终闭合的产物,对其中分布的晚古生代火山岩开展详细的地质学、年代学和地球化学研究对恢复古亚洲洋的构造演化历史具有重要的科学意义。笔者选取北天山增生杂岩带巴音沟石炭纪安山岩为研究对象,在详细的野外地质调查基础之上、对其开展系统的岩石学、矿物学、地质年代学以及全岩主微量地球化学综合分析。研究发现:①北天山巴音沟中的这套安山岩具有较低的全岩MgO含量(<3%),明显区别于典型的高镁安山岩(MgO>6%),但其具有较高的Mg#值(>45),结合其微量元素特征,表明安山岩形成于与板块俯冲相关的汇聚板块边缘,其中幔源物质参与了安山岩的形成和演化。②LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为(324.1±1.1)Ma(MSWD=1.5),代表了巴音沟安山岩的形成时代为早石炭世晚期的霍夫期。文中的北天山石炭纪安山岩是基性下地壳部分熔融形成的长英质熔体和幔源熔体混合的产物。结合区域地质资料,进一步限定了北天山洋在早石炭世晚期可能仍然没有闭合。

甘肃狼娃山铁矿床火山岩地球化学特征及其对铁成矿的制约

狼娃山铁矿床位于中亚造山带西南缘的北山多金属成矿带中,为甘蒙北山地区主要的铁矿床之一。为探寻狼娃山铁矿床中火山岩对铁成矿的影响,本文通过系统的野外地质调查、全岩及单矿物主微量元素分析等方法,阐明了狼娃山矿床下石炭统火山岩的构造背景、成矿物质来源及火山活动对铁成矿的影响。研究结果表明,该矿床火山岩形成于晚古生代活动大陆边缘局部伸展作用环境;矿床下石炭统白山组火山岩与火山口相火山岩具有极为相似的岩相学特征,铁矿的产出受控于喷发—喷溢相岩层;火山岩具有高的SiO_(2)、Na_(2)O、K_(2)O、CaO/(Na_(2)O+K_(2)O)、A/CNK(0.85~1.89)值和低的P_(2)O_(5)、TiO_(2)含量,指示了矿体形成主要与喷发过程的岩浆分异作用有关。综合研究认为,狼娃山铁矿床的形成与下石炭统白山组中酸性火山岩具有密切成因联系,未来找矿方向应主要关注于熔结凝灰岩及部分凝灰岩岩层。

An Overview on the Composition and Age of Upper Crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan Intra-oceanic Arc,NE Tibet Plateau

Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin.This article summarizes the geological,geochemical,and geochronological characteristics of upper crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan intra-oceanic arc and provides new data to constrain the subduction evolution of the South Qilian Ocean.The intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks,including intermediate-mafic lava,breccia,tuff,and minor felsic rocks,are distributed along southern part of the Lajishan ophiolite belt.Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate that the intermediate-mafic lava were originated from depleted mantle contaminated by sediment melts or hydrous fluids,whereas the felsic rocks were likely generated by partial melting of juvenile mafic crust in intra-oceanic arc setting.Zircons from felsic rocks yield consistent and concordant ages ranging from 506 to 523 Ma,suggesting these volcanic rocks represent the relicts of upper crust of the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc.Combined with the Cambrian forearc ophiolite and accretionary complex,we suggest that the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan ophiolite belt is belonging to the intra-oceanic arc system which was generated by south-directed subduction in the South Qilian Ocean at a relatively short interval between approximately 530 and 480 Ma.