KRAS is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in cancers and therapeutics directly targeting the KRas have been challenging.Among the different known mutants,KRas^(G12C) has been proved to be successfully targete...KRAS is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in cancers and therapeutics directly targeting the KRas have been challenging.Among the different known mutants,KRas^(G12C) has been proved to be successfully targeted recently.Several covalent inhibitors selectively targeting KRas^(G12C) have shown promising efficacy against cancers harboring KRAS G12C mutation in clinical trials and AMG510(sotorasib)has been approved for the treatment of KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.However,the overall responsive rate of KRas^(G12C) inhibitors was around 50%in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and the efficacy in patients with colorectal cancer or appendiceal cancer appears to be less desirable.It is of great importance to discover biomarkers to distinguish patients who are likely benefitted.Moreover,adaptive resistance would occur inevitably with the persistent administration like other molecularly targeted therapies.Several combinatorial regimens have been studied in an effort to potentiate the efficacy of KRas^(G12C) inhibitors in preclinical settings.This review summarized the recent progress of covalent KRas^(G12C) inhibitors with a focus on identifying biomarkers to predict or monitor the efficacy and proposing rational drug combinations based on elucidation of the mechanisms of drug resistance.展开更多
Lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and pose a grave threat to human life and health.Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent malignancy occupying80%of all lung cancer subtypes...Lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and pose a grave threat to human life and health.Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent malignancy occupying80%of all lung cancer subtypes.Except for other mutations (e.g.,KRAS^(G12V/D)) that are also vital for the occurrence,KRAS^(G12C) gene mutation is a significant driving force of NSCLC,with a prevalence of approximately 14% of all NSCLC patients.However,there are only a few therapeutic drugs targeting KRAS^(G12C) mutations currently.Here,we synthesized hydrocarbon-stapled peptide 3 that was much shorter and more stable with modest KRAS^(G12C) binding affinity and the same anti-tumor effect based on the a-helical peptide mimic SAH-SOS1_(A).The stapled peptide 3 effectively induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis,inhibiting cell growth in KRAS-mutated lung cancer cells via disrupting the KRASmediated RAF/MEK/ERK signaling,which was verified from the perspective of genomics and proteomics.Peptide 3 also exhibited strong anti-trypsin and anti-chymotrypsin abilities,as well as good plasma stability and human liver microsomal metabolic stability.Overall,peptide 3 retains the equivalent anti-tumor activity of SAH-SOS1_(A) but with improved stability and affinity,superior to SAH-SOS1_(A).Our work offers a structural optimization approach of KRAS^(G12C) peptide inhibitors for cancer therapy.展开更多
目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,PAI-1)基因4G/5G及多药耐药性蛋白(ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1,ABCB1)基因C3435T多态性分...目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,PAI-1)基因4G/5G及多药耐药性蛋白(ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1,ABCB1)基因C3435T多态性分布特征。方法 79例SLE患者依据脏器损伤情况分为SLE继发股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femeral head,ONFH)组20例,狼疮肾炎(lupus nephritis,LN)组37例,其他组22例。采用数字荧光分子杂交技术检测3组外周血PAI-1基因4G/5G和ABCB1基因C3435T多态性,比较3组PAI-1基因高危4G4G型、ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型分布频率。结果79例患者PAI-1基因4G4G、4G5G、5G5G基因型频率分别为29.1%、51.9%、19.0%,ABCB1基因C3435T位点CC、CT、TT基因型频率分别为41.7%、39.2%、19.1%;SLE-ONFH组、LN组PAI-1基因高危4G4G型分布频率(35.0%、35.1%)与其他组(13.6%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SLE-ONFH组、LN组ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型分布频率(50.0%、51.4%)高于其他组(18.2%)(P<0.05);SLE-ONFH组PAI-1基因高危4G4G型、ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型分布频率与LN组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型可能与SLE患者继发ONFH、LN有关。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773760,81973345,and 82104199).
文摘KRAS is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in cancers and therapeutics directly targeting the KRas have been challenging.Among the different known mutants,KRas^(G12C) has been proved to be successfully targeted recently.Several covalent inhibitors selectively targeting KRas^(G12C) have shown promising efficacy against cancers harboring KRAS G12C mutation in clinical trials and AMG510(sotorasib)has been approved for the treatment of KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.However,the overall responsive rate of KRas^(G12C) inhibitors was around 50%in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and the efficacy in patients with colorectal cancer or appendiceal cancer appears to be less desirable.It is of great importance to discover biomarkers to distinguish patients who are likely benefitted.Moreover,adaptive resistance would occur inevitably with the persistent administration like other molecularly targeted therapies.Several combinatorial regimens have been studied in an effort to potentiate the efficacy of KRas^(G12C) inhibitors in preclinical settings.This review summarized the recent progress of covalent KRas^(G12C) inhibitors with a focus on identifying biomarkers to predict or monitor the efficacy and proposing rational drug combinations based on elucidation of the mechanisms of drug resistance.
基金supported by projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81803354 and 81773693)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20180564)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2632021ZD13,China)Double First-Class Innovation Team of China Pharmaceutical University(CPU2018GY02,China)the Program for Outstanding Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Jiangsu Higher Education(YY20180315004,China)
文摘Lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and pose a grave threat to human life and health.Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent malignancy occupying80%of all lung cancer subtypes.Except for other mutations (e.g.,KRAS^(G12V/D)) that are also vital for the occurrence,KRAS^(G12C) gene mutation is a significant driving force of NSCLC,with a prevalence of approximately 14% of all NSCLC patients.However,there are only a few therapeutic drugs targeting KRAS^(G12C) mutations currently.Here,we synthesized hydrocarbon-stapled peptide 3 that was much shorter and more stable with modest KRAS^(G12C) binding affinity and the same anti-tumor effect based on the a-helical peptide mimic SAH-SOS1_(A).The stapled peptide 3 effectively induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis,inhibiting cell growth in KRAS-mutated lung cancer cells via disrupting the KRASmediated RAF/MEK/ERK signaling,which was verified from the perspective of genomics and proteomics.Peptide 3 also exhibited strong anti-trypsin and anti-chymotrypsin abilities,as well as good plasma stability and human liver microsomal metabolic stability.Overall,peptide 3 retains the equivalent anti-tumor activity of SAH-SOS1_(A) but with improved stability and affinity,superior to SAH-SOS1_(A).Our work offers a structural optimization approach of KRAS^(G12C) peptide inhibitors for cancer therapy.
文摘目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,PAI-1)基因4G/5G及多药耐药性蛋白(ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1,ABCB1)基因C3435T多态性分布特征。方法 79例SLE患者依据脏器损伤情况分为SLE继发股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femeral head,ONFH)组20例,狼疮肾炎(lupus nephritis,LN)组37例,其他组22例。采用数字荧光分子杂交技术检测3组外周血PAI-1基因4G/5G和ABCB1基因C3435T多态性,比较3组PAI-1基因高危4G4G型、ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型分布频率。结果79例患者PAI-1基因4G4G、4G5G、5G5G基因型频率分别为29.1%、51.9%、19.0%,ABCB1基因C3435T位点CC、CT、TT基因型频率分别为41.7%、39.2%、19.1%;SLE-ONFH组、LN组PAI-1基因高危4G4G型分布频率(35.0%、35.1%)与其他组(13.6%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SLE-ONFH组、LN组ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型分布频率(50.0%、51.4%)高于其他组(18.2%)(P<0.05);SLE-ONFH组PAI-1基因高危4G4G型、ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型分布频率与LN组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ABCB1基因C3435T位点高危CC型可能与SLE患者继发ONFH、LN有关。
