Due to the good performance of tracking low elevation target as compared to microwave and the superiority in penetrating smoke, dust, fog, and dry snow as compared to infrared, a Ku and Ka dual band experimental radar...Due to the good performance of tracking low elevation target as compared to microwave and the superiority in penetrating smoke, dust, fog, and dry snow as compared to infrared, a Ku and Ka dual band experimental radar was designed and developed. This Ku and Ka dual band experimental radar is an arnplitute-comparison monopulse tracking and guiding radar. The constitution and parameters of this radar is described in paragraph 2. Paragraph 3 deals with two experiments for testing the tracking performances against low elevation target, and gives the important results. Both Ku and Ka band have high tracking precision when they track high elevation targets, while Ka band has much better tracking performance than Ku band when they track low elevation targets. Ka band can track a helicopter, whose radar cross section is about 6 square meters, at 40m, 20m, 10m, and even 5m above sea. Ku band can only track the same helicopter at 160m and higher above sea.展开更多
对星载Ku, Ka和W波段微波雷达联合观测中纬度陆地气旋、热带台风和热带洋面气旋个例中云和降水的三维结构进行了模拟仿真.首先利用Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)云模式模拟了个例中各种水凝物的时空分布,并利用Aqua卫星MODIS...对星载Ku, Ka和W波段微波雷达联合观测中纬度陆地气旋、热带台风和热带洋面气旋个例中云和降水的三维结构进行了模拟仿真.首先利用Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)云模式模拟了个例中各种水凝物的时空分布,并利用Aqua卫星MODIS观测结果直接检验了中纬度陆地气旋个例模拟结果;然后将模拟结果作为输入,利用星载雷达模拟器计算了相应的雷达回波反射率因子,并利用CloudsSat卫星的W波段云雷达CPR实测信号对之进行了验证;随后利用该模拟数据研究了不同粒子雷达回波反射率的特点.最后假设Ku,Ka和W波段雷达的灵敏度分别为15, 5和-35 dBZ,定量研究了这3个波段在探测云顶高度、云底高度上的优缺点和误差大小.模拟结果证实随着频率的增高,水凝物粒子的雷达回波反射率因子减小.非降水云水和云冰粒子回波明显弱于降水和降雪粒子,一般很难被Ku和Ka波段星载雷达观测到.研究发现W波段雷达对云顶的探测误差一般很小(不到30 m),而Ku,Ka雷达对云顶的探测误差可达数千米.对云底探测而言,W波段雷达可以有效穿透低层液态水含量低的天气系统,但对强降水天气系统云底探测误差较大;Ka波段雷达在台风眼壁云墙附近的强降水区也会出现较大探测误差;而Ku波段雷达云底的探测误差都较小.展开更多
文摘Due to the good performance of tracking low elevation target as compared to microwave and the superiority in penetrating smoke, dust, fog, and dry snow as compared to infrared, a Ku and Ka dual band experimental radar was designed and developed. This Ku and Ka dual band experimental radar is an arnplitute-comparison monopulse tracking and guiding radar. The constitution and parameters of this radar is described in paragraph 2. Paragraph 3 deals with two experiments for testing the tracking performances against low elevation target, and gives the important results. Both Ku and Ka band have high tracking precision when they track high elevation targets, while Ka band has much better tracking performance than Ku band when they track low elevation targets. Ka band can track a helicopter, whose radar cross section is about 6 square meters, at 40m, 20m, 10m, and even 5m above sea. Ku band can only track the same helicopter at 160m and higher above sea.
文摘对星载Ku, Ka和W波段微波雷达联合观测中纬度陆地气旋、热带台风和热带洋面气旋个例中云和降水的三维结构进行了模拟仿真.首先利用Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)云模式模拟了个例中各种水凝物的时空分布,并利用Aqua卫星MODIS观测结果直接检验了中纬度陆地气旋个例模拟结果;然后将模拟结果作为输入,利用星载雷达模拟器计算了相应的雷达回波反射率因子,并利用CloudsSat卫星的W波段云雷达CPR实测信号对之进行了验证;随后利用该模拟数据研究了不同粒子雷达回波反射率的特点.最后假设Ku,Ka和W波段雷达的灵敏度分别为15, 5和-35 dBZ,定量研究了这3个波段在探测云顶高度、云底高度上的优缺点和误差大小.模拟结果证实随着频率的增高,水凝物粒子的雷达回波反射率因子减小.非降水云水和云冰粒子回波明显弱于降水和降雪粒子,一般很难被Ku和Ka波段星载雷达观测到.研究发现W波段雷达对云顶的探测误差一般很小(不到30 m),而Ku,Ka雷达对云顶的探测误差可达数千米.对云底探测而言,W波段雷达可以有效穿透低层液态水含量低的天气系统,但对强降水天气系统云底探测误差较大;Ka波段雷达在台风眼壁云墙附近的强降水区也会出现较大探测误差;而Ku波段雷达云底的探测误差都较小.
