Depression is a kind of mental disorder characterized by conspicuous and persistent low mood, sustained sadness, loss of interest and forgetfulness. In traditional Chinese medicine, heart (different from the concept i...Depression is a kind of mental disorder characterized by conspicuous and persistent low mood, sustained sadness, loss of interest and forgetfulness. In traditional Chinese medicine, heart (different from the concept in Western medicine) control the emotions. Overthinking hinders the function of the spleen. Deficiency of spleen leads to lack of heart-Qi. Deficiency of the spleen also leads to dysfunction of heart. Once the heart is dysfunction, Qi will be stagnated in Danzhong(thoracic center), eventually leads to depression. In Traditional Chinese medicine, the development of depression is a heart-spleen-heart process, which can be called the "heart-spleen axis". Biomedicine studies have found that the progress of depression is mainly caused by long-term adverse stimulation of the central nervous system, which affects the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) to convey monoamine neurotransmitters, such as 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and further damaged the intestinal mucosal barrier, increased its permeability, and produced a large number of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and inflammatory factors. The production of LPS and inflammatory cytokines reduces the synthesis of 5-HT by consuming tryptophan, and the decrease of 5-HT in serum results in the decrease of 5-HT levels in the brain. At the same time, changes in the intestinal microbiota alter the concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) via the vagal pathway, ultimately creating a vicious brain-gut- brain cycle. Kaixin Powder has the effect of invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness, awaking consciousness and inducing resuscitation, and can adjust the imbalance of gut microbiota and neurotransmitters to achieve the purpose of treating depression.展开更多
Objective:To clarify the anti-depressive potential mechanisms of Kaixin Powder(KP),a drug that helps to prevent and treat depression and other mentaldiseases,from genome-wide transcriptome profiling.Methods:Transcript...Objective:To clarify the anti-depressive potential mechanisms of Kaixin Powder(KP),a drug that helps to prevent and treat depression and other mentaldiseases,from genome-wide transcriptome profiling.Methods:Transcriptome and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted on the hippocampus of depressed rats,then the differentially expressed genes were validated and serum concentration of lipid parameters were identified by enzymatic assays.Furthermore,high-fat diets induced depression-like behaviors in Syrian golden hamsters were conducted to verify the predicted molecular mechanisms acquired from the transcriptome analysis.Results:Transcriptome results revealed that the 24 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in chronic mild stress(CMS)rats could be reversed after two weeks of KP treatment.The mechanisms of KP in treating depression firstly involved the regulation of several pathology modules,including lipid metabolism,synapse function and inflammation.KP could regulate imbalances of lipid homeostasis in high-fat diet induced depressive symptoms.Furthermore,it was validated that cholesterol metabolism dysfunction can be ameliorated by KP,which was correlated with upregulation of the AdipoR1-BDNF(brainderived neurotrophic factor)co-regulatory pathway.Conclusion:Taken together,our results demonstrated that KP not only alleviates depression via traditional mental illness targets,but it may also simulates the cholesterol metabolism and adiponectin signaling with multi-target characteristics.展开更多
Objective： To explore the effects of Kaixin Powder （开心散, KXP） on melatonin receptor （MR） expression and 1261-Mel binding affinity in a depression rat model. Methods： Seventy-two male Wistar rats were divided ...Objective： To explore the effects of Kaixin Powder （开心散, KXP） on melatonin receptor （MR） expression and 1261-Mel binding affinity in a depression rat model. Methods： Seventy-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups： a blank control group, model group, ramelteon group, KXP high-dosage group （HKXP）, medium-dosage group （MKXP） and low-dosage group （LKXP）. To establish the depression model, all groups except the blank control group were singly housed and exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Weight gain, sucrose consumption and the open-field test were used to evaluate induction of depression. KXP at 260, 130 and 65 mg/（kg·d） was also respectively administered to the rats in the HKXP, MKXP and LKXP groups for 21 days. Ramelteon [0.83 mg/（kg·d）] was given to the positive drug control group. An equivalent volume of physiological saline was given to the blank and model groups. The liquid chip method was used to measure the concentration of plasma melatonin （MT）. Mell a （MT1） and Mellb （MT2） expression levels were determined by Western blotting. In addition, a radioactive ligand-binding assay was used to analyze the specific binding properties and dynamic characteristics between MR and 125I-Mel. Results： The results of weight gain, sucrose consumption and the open-field test showed that our model successfully produced depressive symptoms and depressive-like behavior. The concentration of plasma MT in the model group decreased significantly at night but increased in the MKXP group （P〈0.05）. The HKXP group showed significantly increased expression of MT1 （P〈0.05）; however, the expression of MT2 in all groups exhibited no significant differences （P〉0.05）. The maximum binding capacity （Bmax） for specific binding between MR and 125I-Mel in the MKXP group was significantly higher than that in the model group （P〈0.05）, but no significant differences were found in the equilibrium dissociation constant （Kd） of each group （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： KXP may have a similar effect as ramelteon. KXP improved depressive-like behavior by increasing the concentration of plasma MT and MT1 expression, thereby increasing three Bmax of MR tO achieve the desired antidepressant effect.展开更多
Objective To observe the influence of Kaixin Powder on ethology,content of 5-HT in the hippocampus, expression of m RNA, and protein in 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors in the hippocampus of depressed rats induced by chr...Objective To observe the influence of Kaixin Powder on ethology,content of 5-HT in the hippocampus, expression of m RNA, and protein in 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors in the hippocampus of depressed rats induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress（CUMS）. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank,model, Trazodone, and Kaixin Powder groups, six rats in each group. In addition to the blank control group, other groups were established the depression model induced by CUMS combined with isolated feeding. At the same time, Trazodone group and Kaixin Powder group were treated with corresponding drugs for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks of administration, the rats were sacrificed, and a series of indexes were measured such as the contents of 5-HT, m RNA expression levels of 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors, protein expression levels of 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors, and so on. Results A series of indexes in the model group were decreased significantly such as the body weight growth, the sugar water intake, the score of Open Field Test, the content of5-HT in the hippocampus, expression of m RNA, and protein in 5-HT1 A receptor, while the expression of m RNA and protein in 5-HT2 A receptor were increased significantly.Compared with the model group, the indexes were ameliorated in Trazodone and Kaixin Powder groups. Kaixin Powder is better than Trazodone in decreasing the level of protein in 5-HT2 A receptor. Conclusion The result indicated that the depression performance of depressed rats induced by CUMS can be ameliorated by Kaixin Powder,and the mechanism maybe concerned with increasing the contents of 5-HT, exciting 5-HT1 A receptor, and antagonising 5- HT2 A receptor.展开更多
目的观察开心散治疗乳腺癌失眠症患者的临床疗效及对血清5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)水平的影响。方法将63例乳腺癌失眠症患者随机分为对照组33例和治疗组30例。对照组患者采用艾司唑仑治疗,治疗组患者采用开心散联合艾司唑仑...目的观察开心散治疗乳腺癌失眠症患者的临床疗效及对血清5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)水平的影响。方法将63例乳腺癌失眠症患者随机分为对照组33例和治疗组30例。对照组患者采用艾司唑仑治疗,治疗组患者采用开心散联合艾司唑仑治疗。比较两组治疗前后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、欧洲癌症研究和治疗协作组编制的癌症患者生活质量评分(European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-core 30,EORTC QLQ-C30)以及血清5-HT水平;在连续治疗4周后,比较两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率。结果治疗4周后,两组PSQI、SDS、SAS评分均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且治疗组PSQI评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组EORTC QLQ-C30躯体功能、情绪功能、认知功能以及社会功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者治疗后血清5-HT水平较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),且治疗组血清5-HT水平高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组总不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相较于单纯艾司唑仑治疗,开心散联合艾司唑仑能更好地改善乳腺癌患者睡眠,升高血清5-HT水平,提高乳腺癌患者生活质量,降低不良反应发生率。展开更多
The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter d...The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter damage by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats received daily intragastric administration of a suspension of Kaixin ]ieyu Fang powder. After 3, 7 and 21 days of treatment, the degree of white matter damage in the cerebral ischemia rat model was alleviated, Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue increased, and Bax protein and mRNA expression decreased. These results indicate that Kaixin Jieyu Fang can alleviate cere- bral white matter damage, and the underlying mechanism is associated with regulation of Bcl-2/ Bax protein and mRNA expression, which is one of possible mechanism behind the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang against vascular depression.展开更多
文摘Depression is a kind of mental disorder characterized by conspicuous and persistent low mood, sustained sadness, loss of interest and forgetfulness. In traditional Chinese medicine, heart (different from the concept in Western medicine) control the emotions. Overthinking hinders the function of the spleen. Deficiency of spleen leads to lack of heart-Qi. Deficiency of the spleen also leads to dysfunction of heart. Once the heart is dysfunction, Qi will be stagnated in Danzhong(thoracic center), eventually leads to depression. In Traditional Chinese medicine, the development of depression is a heart-spleen-heart process, which can be called the "heart-spleen axis". Biomedicine studies have found that the progress of depression is mainly caused by long-term adverse stimulation of the central nervous system, which affects the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) to convey monoamine neurotransmitters, such as 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and further damaged the intestinal mucosal barrier, increased its permeability, and produced a large number of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and inflammatory factors. The production of LPS and inflammatory cytokines reduces the synthesis of 5-HT by consuming tryptophan, and the decrease of 5-HT in serum results in the decrease of 5-HT levels in the brain. At the same time, changes in the intestinal microbiota alter the concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) via the vagal pathway, ultimately creating a vicious brain-gut- brain cycle. Kaixin Powder has the effect of invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness, awaking consciousness and inducing resuscitation, and can adjust the imbalance of gut microbiota and neurotransmitters to achieve the purpose of treating depression.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81573876 and 81973502)。
文摘Objective:To clarify the anti-depressive potential mechanisms of Kaixin Powder(KP),a drug that helps to prevent and treat depression and other mentaldiseases,from genome-wide transcriptome profiling.Methods:Transcriptome and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted on the hippocampus of depressed rats,then the differentially expressed genes were validated and serum concentration of lipid parameters were identified by enzymatic assays.Furthermore,high-fat diets induced depression-like behaviors in Syrian golden hamsters were conducted to verify the predicted molecular mechanisms acquired from the transcriptome analysis.Results:Transcriptome results revealed that the 24 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in chronic mild stress(CMS)rats could be reversed after two weeks of KP treatment.The mechanisms of KP in treating depression firstly involved the regulation of several pathology modules,including lipid metabolism,synapse function and inflammation.KP could regulate imbalances of lipid homeostasis in high-fat diet induced depressive symptoms.Furthermore,it was validated that cholesterol metabolism dysfunction can be ameliorated by KP,which was correlated with upregulation of the AdipoR1-BDNF(brainderived neurotrophic factor)co-regulatory pathway.Conclusion:Taken together,our results demonstrated that KP not only alleviates depression via traditional mental illness targets,but it may also simulates the cholesterol metabolism and adiponectin signaling with multi-target characteristics.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81072744)
文摘Objective： To explore the effects of Kaixin Powder （开心散, KXP） on melatonin receptor （MR） expression and 1261-Mel binding affinity in a depression rat model. Methods： Seventy-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups： a blank control group, model group, ramelteon group, KXP high-dosage group （HKXP）, medium-dosage group （MKXP） and low-dosage group （LKXP）. To establish the depression model, all groups except the blank control group were singly housed and exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Weight gain, sucrose consumption and the open-field test were used to evaluate induction of depression. KXP at 260, 130 and 65 mg/（kg·d） was also respectively administered to the rats in the HKXP, MKXP and LKXP groups for 21 days. Ramelteon [0.83 mg/（kg·d）] was given to the positive drug control group. An equivalent volume of physiological saline was given to the blank and model groups. The liquid chip method was used to measure the concentration of plasma melatonin （MT）. Mell a （MT1） and Mellb （MT2） expression levels were determined by Western blotting. In addition, a radioactive ligand-binding assay was used to analyze the specific binding properties and dynamic characteristics between MR and 125I-Mel. Results： The results of weight gain, sucrose consumption and the open-field test showed that our model successfully produced depressive symptoms and depressive-like behavior. The concentration of plasma MT in the model group decreased significantly at night but increased in the MKXP group （P〈0.05）. The HKXP group showed significantly increased expression of MT1 （P〈0.05）; however, the expression of MT2 in all groups exhibited no significant differences （P〉0.05）. The maximum binding capacity （Bmax） for specific binding between MR and 125I-Mel in the MKXP group was significantly higher than that in the model group （P〈0.05）, but no significant differences were found in the equilibrium dissociation constant （Kd） of each group （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： KXP may have a similar effect as ramelteon. KXP improved depressive-like behavior by increasing the concentration of plasma MT and MT1 expression, thereby increasing three Bmax of MR tO achieve the desired antidepressant effect.
基金National Natural Science Fund of China(NO.81072744)
文摘Objective To observe the influence of Kaixin Powder on ethology,content of 5-HT in the hippocampus, expression of m RNA, and protein in 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors in the hippocampus of depressed rats induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress（CUMS）. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank,model, Trazodone, and Kaixin Powder groups, six rats in each group. In addition to the blank control group, other groups were established the depression model induced by CUMS combined with isolated feeding. At the same time, Trazodone group and Kaixin Powder group were treated with corresponding drugs for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks of administration, the rats were sacrificed, and a series of indexes were measured such as the contents of 5-HT, m RNA expression levels of 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors, protein expression levels of 5-HT1 A and 5-HT2 A receptors, and so on. Results A series of indexes in the model group were decreased significantly such as the body weight growth, the sugar water intake, the score of Open Field Test, the content of5-HT in the hippocampus, expression of m RNA, and protein in 5-HT1 A receptor, while the expression of m RNA and protein in 5-HT2 A receptor were increased significantly.Compared with the model group, the indexes were ameliorated in Trazodone and Kaixin Powder groups. Kaixin Powder is better than Trazodone in decreasing the level of protein in 5-HT2 A receptor. Conclusion The result indicated that the depression performance of depressed rats induced by CUMS can be ameliorated by Kaixin Powder,and the mechanism maybe concerned with increasing the contents of 5-HT, exciting 5-HT1 A receptor, and antagonising 5- HT2 A receptor.
文摘目的观察开心散治疗乳腺癌失眠症患者的临床疗效及对血清5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)水平的影响。方法将63例乳腺癌失眠症患者随机分为对照组33例和治疗组30例。对照组患者采用艾司唑仑治疗,治疗组患者采用开心散联合艾司唑仑治疗。比较两组治疗前后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、欧洲癌症研究和治疗协作组编制的癌症患者生活质量评分(European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-core 30,EORTC QLQ-C30)以及血清5-HT水平;在连续治疗4周后,比较两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率。结果治疗4周后,两组PSQI、SDS、SAS评分均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且治疗组PSQI评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组EORTC QLQ-C30躯体功能、情绪功能、认知功能以及社会功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者治疗后血清5-HT水平较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),且治疗组血清5-HT水平高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组总不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相较于单纯艾司唑仑治疗,开心散联合艾司唑仑能更好地改善乳腺癌患者睡眠,升高血清5-HT水平,提高乳腺癌患者生活质量,降低不良反应发生率。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30672696,81072801the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing in China,No.7093129
文摘The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter damage by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats received daily intragastric administration of a suspension of Kaixin ]ieyu Fang powder. After 3, 7 and 21 days of treatment, the degree of white matter damage in the cerebral ischemia rat model was alleviated, Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue increased, and Bax protein and mRNA expression decreased. These results indicate that Kaixin Jieyu Fang can alleviate cere- bral white matter damage, and the underlying mechanism is associated with regulation of Bcl-2/ Bax protein and mRNA expression, which is one of possible mechanism behind the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang against vascular depression.
