The 26 plots including natural forestland, secondary forestland, shrub-grassland, sloping cropland, artificial forest and abandoned field, were selected to discuss the impact of land cover on the soil characteristics ...The 26 plots including natural forestland, secondary forestland, shrub-grassland, sloping cropland, artificial forest and abandoned field, were selected to discuss the impact of land cover on the soil characteristics in the three karst districts of Chongqing. The results showed that： （1） After the vegetation turned into secondary vegetation or artificial vegetation, or reclamation, soil physical properties would be degraded. In the surface-layer soil of sloping cropland, the contents of 〉2 mm water-stable aggregates decreased obviously with apparent sandification. （2） The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen are controlled completely by vegetation type and land use intensity. The increasing trend is rather slow in the early days when over-reclamation is stopped and the land is converted to forest and pasture. （3） Herbaceous species increase and woody plants species decrease with the increase of land use intensity, therefore, the soil seed banks degrade more seriously. （4） The soil degradation index has been set up to describe the relative soil degradation degree under the conditions of different vegetation types. （5） Land cover has a significant effect on karst soil characteristics, land degradation in the karst ecosystem is essentially characterized by the different degradation of soil functions that serve as water banks, nutrient banks and soil seed banks.展开更多
贵州省是我国喀斯特生态系统的典型分布区,生态敏感且脆弱,同时其也曾是我国的连片特困区,经济发展愿望迫切。对区域环境-经济发展状况及相互作用关系进行研究具有重要意义。研究从植被净生态系统生产力、土壤碳储量、岩溶碳通量三方面...贵州省是我国喀斯特生态系统的典型分布区,生态敏感且脆弱,同时其也曾是我国的连片特困区,经济发展愿望迫切。对区域环境-经济发展状况及相互作用关系进行研究具有重要意义。研究从植被净生态系统生产力、土壤碳储量、岩溶碳通量三方面计算了贵州省陆地生态系统碳吸收,以能源燃烧排放的CO_(2)表征碳排放量,对区域碳吸收和碳排放的时空变化特征进行剖析,在此基础上构建环境碳负荷指数和脱钩弹性系数,用于解析贵州省碳收支状况及环境碳负荷与经济发展之间的脱钩关系。结果显示:(1)贵州省植被净生态系统生产力均值为257.72 g C/m^(2),呈逐步增强趋势,空间上呈现西高东低、南高北低的分布格局;岩溶碳通量的均值为6.71 t C/km^(2),年际波动较大,集中分布在研究区东北和西南部;土壤碳储量的均值为8.38 t/hm^(2),其高值区主要位于研究区南部和东部边缘;(2)区域碳排放呈现出了逐年增长的特征,表明了能源消耗的增强,形成了以城市高值区为中心向外辐射递减,各点之间以道路连通为特征的分布格局;(3)环境碳负荷指数呈逐年增长趋势,表征区域面临的环境压力越来越大,特别是在贵州省主城区出现了明显的收支不平衡,能源结构优化亟待加强;(4)综合脱钩状态整体以弱脱钩和扩张连接为主,且随时间推移脱钩状态由弱脱钩向扩张连接转变,说明环境保护滞后于经济发展,也就意味着贵州省经济的发展一定程度上牺牲了环境保护。未来应进一步强化生态修复工程的可持续性,同时发展绿色经济以促进区域生态-经济可持续发展。展开更多
基金Supported by the key plan of Chongqing Science and Technology Committee (6759, 7355)
文摘The 26 plots including natural forestland, secondary forestland, shrub-grassland, sloping cropland, artificial forest and abandoned field, were selected to discuss the impact of land cover on the soil characteristics in the three karst districts of Chongqing. The results showed that： （1） After the vegetation turned into secondary vegetation or artificial vegetation, or reclamation, soil physical properties would be degraded. In the surface-layer soil of sloping cropland, the contents of 〉2 mm water-stable aggregates decreased obviously with apparent sandification. （2） The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen are controlled completely by vegetation type and land use intensity. The increasing trend is rather slow in the early days when over-reclamation is stopped and the land is converted to forest and pasture. （3） Herbaceous species increase and woody plants species decrease with the increase of land use intensity, therefore, the soil seed banks degrade more seriously. （4） The soil degradation index has been set up to describe the relative soil degradation degree under the conditions of different vegetation types. （5） Land cover has a significant effect on karst soil characteristics, land degradation in the karst ecosystem is essentially characterized by the different degradation of soil functions that serve as water banks, nutrient banks and soil seed banks.
文摘贵州省是我国喀斯特生态系统的典型分布区,生态敏感且脆弱,同时其也曾是我国的连片特困区,经济发展愿望迫切。对区域环境-经济发展状况及相互作用关系进行研究具有重要意义。研究从植被净生态系统生产力、土壤碳储量、岩溶碳通量三方面计算了贵州省陆地生态系统碳吸收,以能源燃烧排放的CO_(2)表征碳排放量,对区域碳吸收和碳排放的时空变化特征进行剖析,在此基础上构建环境碳负荷指数和脱钩弹性系数,用于解析贵州省碳收支状况及环境碳负荷与经济发展之间的脱钩关系。结果显示:(1)贵州省植被净生态系统生产力均值为257.72 g C/m^(2),呈逐步增强趋势,空间上呈现西高东低、南高北低的分布格局;岩溶碳通量的均值为6.71 t C/km^(2),年际波动较大,集中分布在研究区东北和西南部;土壤碳储量的均值为8.38 t/hm^(2),其高值区主要位于研究区南部和东部边缘;(2)区域碳排放呈现出了逐年增长的特征,表明了能源消耗的增强,形成了以城市高值区为中心向外辐射递减,各点之间以道路连通为特征的分布格局;(3)环境碳负荷指数呈逐年增长趋势,表征区域面临的环境压力越来越大,特别是在贵州省主城区出现了明显的收支不平衡,能源结构优化亟待加强;(4)综合脱钩状态整体以弱脱钩和扩张连接为主,且随时间推移脱钩状态由弱脱钩向扩张连接转变,说明环境保护滞后于经济发展,也就意味着贵州省经济的发展一定程度上牺牲了环境保护。未来应进一步强化生态修复工程的可持续性,同时发展绿色经济以促进区域生态-经济可持续发展。
