Effect of applying selenium fertilizer to improve soil and increase selenium level in food for prevention and treatment of Kaschin-Beck disease

For prevention and treatment of Kaschin-Beck disease by applying Se fertilizer to soil to increase Se up to normal level for the wheat grains is introduced in this paper. After use this measure the intake of Se by the residents in the exemplary area increased from 10.4μg to 33.6 μg per day in average. After supplementing Se to human body one year, there is no new patient found among 300 healthy children in the exemplary area but 4 patients found among 264 healthy children in the control area. It is shown that by applying Se fertilizer to KBD area is a effective way for preventing and cure this disease.

Study on correlation between humic acid and selenium in Kaschin-Beck disease areas

The relationship between humic acid and selenium content was studied in this research. The results of calculation showed that there is more humic acid and less selenium in Kaschin-Beck disease areas in China. Fulvic acid in soil could increase selenium level in plants. The chemical bonding between humic acid and selenium was observed with an I.R. spectroscope. It was remarkable for the changes of absorption peak and frequency in 1100-1000 cm-1, 900-700 cm-1.

Perturbations in Amino Acid Metabolism in Children with Kaschin-Beck Disease: A Study of Urinary Target Metabolomics

Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic and chronic osteoarthropathy characterized by pathological aspects including chondrocyte degeneration, necrosis, progressive loss of articular cartilage, and secondary degenerative osteoarthrosis of epiphyseal cartilage, epiphyseal plate cartilage, and articular cartilage, during puberty[1]. The main clinical symptoms are limb joint pain, thickening, deformation, limited movement, muscle atrophy, and in case of more severely affected patients, short fingers (toes), short limbs, and even short stature[1].

Study on the action and mechanism of humic acids in Kaschin-Beck disease

Humic acids, especially FA in fractions, contain more oxygen functional groups. In this experiment, on the basis of confirming the action of humic acids on KBD, what was studied is the biological effects of one of main oxygen functional groups, hydroxy group (-OH). The results indicate that inducing pathologic process of KBD, obviously decrease the GSH-Px activity and induce peroxidation membrane injury of tissue. The SOD activity increase in the tissues caused by oxygen functional groups showed that enhancing of free radical reaction should not be neglected.

Research on organic matters in the drinking water of Kaschin-Beck disease area

Organic matters in drinking water of Kaschin-Beck disease areas were extracted. Then analyses and characterization were performed by means of multiply chemical and physical methods. The results did not show the obvious difference in the frame structure of humic substances and the structure of rmcromolecular compounds in the drinking water of disease and non-disease areas, but the difference in the contents of some micromolecular compounds and radicals. The investigation also includes the preliminary research on the photoreaction of drinking water from disease and non-disease areas and the accumulation of natural organic matter in the bone of tested animals.

The roles of organic degradation products andselenium in the pathogenesis ofKaschin-Beck disease

An investigation on the organic degradation products and selenium in the pathogenesis of Kaschin-Beck disease was carried out. The results demonstrated that the organic degradation products existed in food and drinking water were the pathogens of the KBD; their leading pathological process of cells would be "membrane injury" due to peroxide. As GSH-Px is a selenium contained enzyme, therefore insufficient selenium would be one of the most important conditions to cause KBD.

Redox potential E_H [Se(VI)/Se(IV)] of aqueous extractof soils from Yongshou Kaschin-Beck diseaseregion and the influence by humic acid

The relation between EH [Se(VI)/Se(IV)] and pH of soil aqueous extract in Kaschin-Beck disease region and the effects of natural redox agents, namely humic substances, MnO2 and Fe2+, on the redox property of the system were studied. The results indicated that both humic acid and Fe2+ could enhance the reducibility of Se(VI) and MnO2, a limited oxidizability for Se(IV). Fe2+ showed a weak reducibility only at low pH value. The reducibilities of three sulfur-containing compounds for Se(VI) were in following order:thioglycollic acid 】 L-cysteine 】

Role of interaction between selenium and organic matters on causes of Kaschin-Beck disease

Influences of organic matters of soil and water on speciation and biological utilization of selenium are discussed. Humic acid is found to be the main pool of selenium in soil and affects the bio-availability of the element in soil-plant system. Fulvic acid from drinking water inhibits the absorption of selenium taken from diet. The relationship between high content of organic matters of water and selenium deficiency on the causes of KBD could be reflected in the limited synthesis of glutathione peroxidase, which is generally stimulated by fulvic acid from drinking water.

A retrospective survey on the effect of Kaschin-Beck disease prophylaxis by a change of water sources

In order to provide further references for studing on the causes of Kaschin-Beck discase (KBD) and measuring for its prevention and treatment from a macroscopic view, we analyzed the natural growth and declineof KBD and the effects of selenium and humic acid on its occurrence from an epidemiologic angle. In this article through a retrospective survey on the spots of disease areas by comparison between a change in water sources and that without. It was proved that a change in water sources was an effective measure for the prevention of KBD occurrence, and the pathogenic factor of KBD was one (or several kinds) of organic compounds or active radicals related to water.

Humic acid and free radical in environment of Kaschin-Beck disease areas

The humic acid contents in drinking water and soil in Kaschin-Beck disease areas were found more than that of non-disease areas in this research. Changes of free radical concentration in drinking water were agreed with that of humic acid contents in drinking water of Kaschin-Beck disease areas. A positive correlation of free radical concentration and humic acid content in drinking water has been shown (r=0.913) . The structure of I. R. spectra of humic acid under ultraviolet light has been changed. Thus it indicated that free radical was resulted from benzoqiunonyl groups of humic acid in environment.

The epidemic characteristics of Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in different eco-environments

Epidemiological survey of 573 families, clinical examination of 2593 persons, and X-ray examination of 1136 persons (in 16 typical endemic villages) were conducted, based on the classification of endemiology for KBD disease areas, i.e, mountain type, loess plateau type, plateau type, and flatlands type. It was revealed that the KBD disease areas exhibited the regular pattern of corming-into-being, development and passing-away and the characteristics of growth and decline. Further, it was found clinically that the disease areas may be divided into 4 types, i.e., recent onset, developing, stable, and historical. This division is simple and easy, practical, scientific, and reliable and can be applied by medical personnel at different levels.

A new hypothesis for the etiology of Kaschin-Beck disease

Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) could be exogeneous free radical induced endemic osteoarthropathy under conditions of lacking necessary antioxidant defences.especially selenium-cored defence in Chinese eco-en-vironment. Experimental evidences have been provided for the internal relations among previously suggested pathologic factors, i.e., selenium deficiency, organic matters of drinking waterand mycotoxins from contaminated grains, based on the facts that the former is a preventory factor while the others are exogenous freeradical carriers. ESR spectrum shows that these exogenous free radical carriers have a property of semi-quinone compounds and are toxic in in-vitro cartilage cell culture and animal tests in inducing lipid peroxidation process.

Immunology of Kaschin-Beck Disease:Studies on lymphocyte subsets, humoral immunity and their relationship with selenium

Objective To study the humoral immunity status and distribution pattern of lymphocyte subgroups of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) in patients with Kaschin-Beck Disease (KBD), and their relationship with erythrocyte selenium.Methods 23 X-ray diagnosed patients, 22 age- and sex- matched healthy children in KBD affected area (KAA), And 25 in KBD non-affected area (KNAA) were randomly selected. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD20 was conducted to analyze the lymphocyte subsets. Serum IgM, IgA, IgG, Complement C3 and C4 were assayed using rate nephelometry (Array 360 System, USA). The contents of erythrocyte selenium was determined by 2,3-diaminonaphthalene fluorescence assay. Results CD4+ and CD8+ cells percentage in PBMCs and serum IgA were significantly lower in KAA than those in KNAA(P<0.05). CD20+ percentage in KAA displayed a decreasing trend compared to KNAA, although not statistically significantly. No statistical differences were found in CD4/CD8 ratio, serum IgG, IgM, C3 and C4 levels. Erythrocyte selenium level in KAA still showed a pronounced decrease compared to that in KNAA. Correlation analysis showed that erythrocyte selenium contents had a strong association with the CD4 cell percentage (r=0.625,P<0.05), and also a close relationship with serum IgA (r=0.462,P<0.05). In addition, we detected a moderate correlation between the serum IgA and CD4+ percentage (r=0.130, P>0.05).Conclusion Taken together, our results suggested that children in KAA had a comparably low cellular immunity level manifested by the marked depression of CD4 and CD8 cells percentage, and their humoral immunity status was also in a state of moderate immune suppression. Of this immune disorder in KBD patients, selenium deficiency probably played a critical role via affecting the distribution pattern of peripheral blood lymphocyte. Selenium-deficiency and immune impairment maybe both have something to do with the cause-effect chain of KBD.

膝关节单髁置治疗老年大骨节病的临床效果

探讨单髁置换治疗对老年膝关节Kaschin-beck病患者临床疗效和术后功能的影响。方法 选取2023年4月-2024年5月10例患者,分别在我院行老年Kaschin-beck病治疗,随机将患者分为对照组(n=5)和观察组(n=5)。其中对照组采用全膝关节表面置换方法治疗,观察组采用单髁置换的方式治疗。对两组患者的手术前后指标、活动功能指标及术后不良反应和并发症等情况进行观察。结果 观察组中患者的出血量、手术时间、引流量、住院时间均低于对照组,P<0.05;两组患者行运动功能术后的膝关节功能WOMAC评分及VAS评分均有所提高,P<0.05。结论 针对老年膝关节Kaschin-beck病采取单髁置换治疗方法能够帮助患者术后的功能恢复,显著降低不良反应及并发症的发生率。

壤塘地区全膝关节置换术治疗大骨节病性膝骨关节炎的疗效分析

目的探讨采用初次全膝关节置换术治疗壤塘地区膝关节大骨节病(KBD)患者的近期临床效果.方法回顾性分析2017-01至2019-09四川省壤塘县人民医院骨科收治膝关节大骨节病患者88例,男32例,女56例,年龄34~67岁,平均(53.57±10.40)岁.Ⅰ期35例,Ⅱ期53例.全部膝关节大骨节病患者行人工全膝关节置换术,分别在术前,术后1、3、6、12、36个月,采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估膝关节疼痛严重程度、美国膝关节协会评分(KSS评分)、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分(HSS评分)系统评估膝关节功能,简明健康状况量表(SF-36)评分评估生活质量,测量膝关节活动度(ROM),治疗前和末次随访时拍摄双下肢负重全长X光片测量髋-膝-踝角及胫股角评估下肢力线情况.结果随访36~54个月,平均随访(39.85±6.89)个月.VAS疼痛评分、HSS临床评分、KSS功能评分、SF-36评分、生理职能、躯体疼痛、活力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康评分得到明显改善(P<0.05).下肢力线髋膝踝角(HKA)、ROM得到改善(P<0.05).结论高原地区膝关节大骨节病Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期患者行首次接受人工关节置换术后能矫正下肢力线,缓解膝关节疼痛,改善关节功能,值得临床推广.

提高食物链硒通量防治大骨节病和克山病示范研究

本研究在黄土高原的陕西省彬县大骨节病和克山病重病区，进行小麦、蔬菜的叶面喷Ｓｅ和主食加Ｓｅ防治地方病的示范研究。结果显示，喷Ｓｅ小麦含Ｓｅ量达０．０８１μｇ／ｇ，明显高于未喷Ｓｅ的小麦（０．００９μｇ／ｇ）；示范点膳食含Ｓｅ达０．０７６μｇ／ｇ，显著高于对照点（０．０１４μｇ／ｇ）；示范点人均日摄Ｓｅ量由１３．４０μｇ／ｇ提高到６０．３９μｇ／ｇ；大骨节病Ｘ线阳性检出率由４３．３３％下降到６．４５％，达到国家控制标准。

中国主要地方病区地质环境研究进展与展望

地方性砷中毒、氟中毒和大骨节病是中国目前流行的主要地方病病种,严重威胁着群众的身体健康。本文总结了中国北方主要盆地高砷水、高氟水分布规律及形成机理和中国大骨节病区地质环境的特点及其相互关系研究的进展,并就其研究方向进行了展望。

东北大骨节病病区主要土壤腐殖酸硒与大骨节病关系的研究

本文研究东北大骨节病病区土壤中硒的形态和含量与大骨节病的关系。研究结果表明,病区土壤中硒以有机结合态硒为主,又以富里酸态硒占主要比重。根据20个土壤样点的对比研究,显示土壤富里酸中硒含量与病情呈显著负相关。

大骨节病区硒元素分布的调控机理研究——以四川省阿坝地区为例

分析了阿坝地区的岩石、饮用水、农作物及其根系土中硒的不同存在形态的分布,并结合生物有效性深入研究了硒元素分布与大骨节病病因的联系和调控机理.阿坝地区的环境(岩石、土壤、水)中全硒浓度、农作物中硒的富集系数和水溶性硒占总硒的含量均远低于非病区;硒在氧化还原条件(Eh平均值143.27 mV)和酸碱度(pH 6.51—8.48)的控制下主要以亚硒酸态的稳定形式存在.元素铝、铁等的富集可能会促进硒的沉淀和络合,制约硒的生物有效利用率,进而导致人体硒摄入不足,最终激发人类微小病毒B19(HPV B19)的毒性,引发大骨节病.通过采取土壤增施硒肥、改善水质、改变膳食结构等方法可以有效地提高环境中硒的水平及其生物有效性,以缓解大骨节病的病情及发病率.

大骨节病和克山病老病区粮食中T-2毒素和黄绿青霉素污染状况调查

目的观察大骨节病与克山病老病区丰田村和林茂村地产粮食中T鄄2毒素和黄绿青霉素(CIT)的污染状况。方法选40岁以上自愿者作右手X线拍片检查,评估大骨节病历史患病情况;收集文献数据评估克山病历史病情;用ELISA法和高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测病区地产粮食T鄄2毒素和CIT。结果丰田村和林茂村成人大骨节病患病率很高,是历史上的严重病区。地产面粉中T鄄2毒素阳性检出率为77.78%,T鄄2毒素平均水平为120.64 μg/kg;地产玉米面中CIT阳性检出率为42.31%,CIT毒素平均水平为12.33 μg/kg,均明显地高出本省市场同类粮食。结论丰田村和林茂村是大骨节病、克山病历史上的严重病区,地产粮食中T鄄2毒素、CIT 水平仍然相当高,如果不是当地粮食占居民主食中的比例已经很小(< 20%),这两种病的当前检出率也许达不到现在程度的低水平。