Based on the elongated Kelvin model, the effect of microstructure on the uniaxial strength asymmetry of open-cell foams is investigated. The results indicate that this asymmetry depends on the relative density, the so...Based on the elongated Kelvin model, the effect of microstructure on the uniaxial strength asymmetry of open-cell foams is investigated. The results indicate that this asymmetry depends on the relative density, the solid material, the cell morphology, and the strut geometry of open-cell foams. Even though the solid material has the same tensile and compressive strength, the tensile and compressive strength of open-cell foams with asymmetrical sectional struts are still different. In addition, with the increasing degree of anisotropy, the uniaxial strength as well as the strength asymmetry increases in the rise direction but reduces in the transverse direction. Moreover, the plastic collapse ratio between two directions is verified to depend mainly on the cell morphology. The predicted results are compared with Gibson and Ashby＇s theoretical results as well as the experimental data reported in the literature, which validates that the elongated Kelvin model is accurate in explaining the strength asymmetry presented in realistic open-cell foams.展开更多
Based on the elongated Kelvin obtained to investigate the tensile behavior Kelvin model＇s periodicity and symmetry in model, a simplified periodic structural cell is of anisotropic open-cell elastic foams due to the ...Based on the elongated Kelvin obtained to investigate the tensile behavior Kelvin model＇s periodicity and symmetry in model, a simplified periodic structural cell is of anisotropic open-cell elastic foams due to the whole space. The half-strut element and elastic deflection theory are used to analyze the tensile response as done in the previous studies. This study produces theoretical expressions for the tensile stress-strain curve in the rise and transverse directions. In addition, the theoretical results are examined with finite element simulation using an existing formula. The results indicate that the theoretical analysis agrees with the finite element simulation when the strain is not too high, and the present model is better. At the same time, the anisotropy ratio has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of foams. As the anisotropy ratio increases, the tensile stress is improved in the rising direction but drops in the transverse direction under the same strain.展开更多
Phase-field modeling for three-dimensional foam structures is presented. The foam structure, which is generally applicable for porous material design, is geometrically approximated with a space-filling structure, and ...Phase-field modeling for three-dimensional foam structures is presented. The foam structure, which is generally applicable for porous material design, is geometrically approximated with a space-filling structure, and hence, the analysis of the space-filling structure was performed using the phase field model. An additional term was introduced to the conventional multi-phase field model to satisfy the volume constraint condition. Then, the equations were numerically solved using the finite difference method, and simulations were carried out for several nuclei settings. First, the nuclei were set on complete lattice points for a bcc or fcc arrangement, with a truncated hexagonal structure, which is known as a Kelvin cell, or a rhombic dodecahedron being obtained, respectively. Then, an irregularity was introduced in the initial nuclei arrangement. The results revealed that the truncated hexagonal structure was stable against a slight irregularity, whereas the rhombic polyhedral was destroyed by the instability. Finally, the nuclei were placed randomly, and the relaxation process of a certain cell was traced with the result that every cell leads to a convex polyhedron shape.展开更多
By elongating the regular Kelvin model in one direction and keeping unchanged in the other two directions,the anisotropic model was constructed.Then,the simplified periodic structural cell was obtained according to th...By elongating the regular Kelvin model in one direction and keeping unchanged in the other two directions,the anisotropic model was constructed.Then,the simplified periodic structural cell was obtained according to the periodicity and symmetry of the model in the whole space.Using the half-strut element and elastic deflection theory to analyze the mechanical behavior as were adopted in the previous studies,this paper obtained the theoretical expressions for the compressive stress and strain as well as the corresponding curves in the rise and transverse directions.In addition,the theoretical results were examined by the finite element simulation.Results indicated that the theoretical analysis was very close to the finite element simulation when the strain was not too high,which confirmed the validity of theoretical analysis.At the same time,the anisotropy was shown to have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of open-cell foams.As the anisotropy ratio increased,the compressive stress was improved in the rise direction but dropped in the transverse direction under the same strain.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11472025 and 11272030)
文摘Based on the elongated Kelvin model, the effect of microstructure on the uniaxial strength asymmetry of open-cell foams is investigated. The results indicate that this asymmetry depends on the relative density, the solid material, the cell morphology, and the strut geometry of open-cell foams. Even though the solid material has the same tensile and compressive strength, the tensile and compressive strength of open-cell foams with asymmetrical sectional struts are still different. In addition, with the increasing degree of anisotropy, the uniaxial strength as well as the strength asymmetry increases in the rise direction but reduces in the transverse direction. Moreover, the plastic collapse ratio between two directions is verified to depend mainly on the cell morphology. The predicted results are compared with Gibson and Ashby＇s theoretical results as well as the experimental data reported in the literature, which validates that the elongated Kelvin model is accurate in explaining the strength asymmetry presented in realistic open-cell foams.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11472025 and 11272030)
文摘Based on the elongated Kelvin obtained to investigate the tensile behavior Kelvin model＇s periodicity and symmetry in model, a simplified periodic structural cell is of anisotropic open-cell elastic foams due to the whole space. The half-strut element and elastic deflection theory are used to analyze the tensile response as done in the previous studies. This study produces theoretical expressions for the tensile stress-strain curve in the rise and transverse directions. In addition, the theoretical results are examined with finite element simulation using an existing formula. The results indicate that the theoretical analysis agrees with the finite element simulation when the strain is not too high, and the present model is better. At the same time, the anisotropy ratio has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of foams. As the anisotropy ratio increases, the tensile stress is improved in the rising direction but drops in the transverse direction under the same strain.
文摘Phase-field modeling for three-dimensional foam structures is presented. The foam structure, which is generally applicable for porous material design, is geometrically approximated with a space-filling structure, and hence, the analysis of the space-filling structure was performed using the phase field model. An additional term was introduced to the conventional multi-phase field model to satisfy the volume constraint condition. Then, the equations were numerically solved using the finite difference method, and simulations were carried out for several nuclei settings. First, the nuclei were set on complete lattice points for a bcc or fcc arrangement, with a truncated hexagonal structure, which is known as a Kelvin cell, or a rhombic dodecahedron being obtained, respectively. Then, an irregularity was introduced in the initial nuclei arrangement. The results revealed that the truncated hexagonal structure was stable against a slight irregularity, whereas the rhombic polyhedral was destroyed by the instability. Finally, the nuclei were placed randomly, and the relaxation process of a certain cell was traced with the result that every cell leads to a convex polyhedron shape.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10572013,10932001)the Common Construction Project of Education Committee of Beijing (GrantNo.XK100060522)
文摘By elongating the regular Kelvin model in one direction and keeping unchanged in the other two directions,the anisotropic model was constructed.Then,the simplified periodic structural cell was obtained according to the periodicity and symmetry of the model in the whole space.Using the half-strut element and elastic deflection theory to analyze the mechanical behavior as were adopted in the previous studies,this paper obtained the theoretical expressions for the compressive stress and strain as well as the corresponding curves in the rise and transverse directions.In addition,the theoretical results were examined by the finite element simulation.Results indicated that the theoretical analysis was very close to the finite element simulation when the strain was not too high,which confirmed the validity of theoretical analysis.At the same time,the anisotropy was shown to have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of open-cell foams.As the anisotropy ratio increased,the compressive stress was improved in the rise direction but dropped in the transverse direction under the same strain.
