Fault lineaments are the main input data in earthquake engineering and seismology studies.This study presents a digitally-based active fault map of the Kerman region in central-east Iran which experienced several deva...Fault lineaments are the main input data in earthquake engineering and seismology studies.This study presents a digitally-based active fault map of the Kerman region in central-east Iran which experienced several devastating earthquakes on poorly exposed and/or not identified active faults.Using Landsat 8 data,we have carried out the image-based procedures of fault mapping,which include applying the contrast stretching technique,the principal component analysis,the color composite technique,the spectral rationing,and creating the false-color composite images.Besides,we have cross-checked the resulting map with the geological maps provided by the Geological Survey of Iran to decrease the associated uncertainties.The resulting map includes 123 fault segments,still,a part of which has been expressed in the previously compiled active-fault maps of Iran.Indeed,the new one is mapping the poorly exposed active faults,so-called secondary faults,which are able to produce strong events.These faults are primarily associated with poorly defined areas that accommodate low levels of seismicity;however,sporadic strong events are likely to occur.It has also been investigated that these kinds of faults are seismogenic and are able to produce destructive events.In total,the outcome of this study can also be jointed with seismic studies for investigating parts of the earthquake activity in central-east Iran,in particular for the fault-based approaches in impending earthquake-resistant buildings.展开更多
The Shaytor apatite-rich iron deposit is located in the Kashmar-Kerman tectonic zone in the central of the Iranian plat, which is an important polymetallic belt in Iran. The ore bodies are interbedded with the upper i...The Shaytor apatite-rich iron deposit is located in the Kashmar-Kerman tectonic zone in the central of the Iranian plat, which is an important polymetallic belt in Iran. The ore bodies are interbedded with the upper inferacaamberian calc-alkaline igneous rocks that show well-preserved porphyritic and volcaniclastic textures. The iron ores have massive, disseminated, and brecciated structures. Magnetite from the Shaytor deposit is low in Ti (TiO<sub>2</sub> = up to 0.70 wt.%) and different ore types show similar rare earth element (REE) and trace element-normalized patterns with weak-to-moderate enrichment in light REE and negative Eu anomalies, indicating a common source and genesis. The similar REE patterns for the magnetite and volcanic basaltic host rocks suggest their close genetic linkage and support a magmatic origin for the deposit. The Shaytor deposit shows the typical characteristics of Kiruna-type deposits with regard to the mineral assemblages, ore texture and structure, and the apatite and magnetite geochemistry. We propose that the Kiruna-type Shaytor apatite-rich iron deposit was derived from Fe-P-rich melt through liquid immiscibility and the activity of hydrothermal fluids.展开更多
Background: Lichen planus (LP) is classified as a papulosquamous disease. It has been associated with liver disease, particularly hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, in several studies. Most of these reports, especiall...Background: Lichen planus (LP) is classified as a papulosquamous disease. It has been associated with liver disease, particularly hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, in several studies. Most of these reports, especially the larger series, were conducted in Europe and Japan. Objective: We conducted a case-control stud y in Kerman, Iran to explore the association between LP andHCV.Methods: The stud y included 66 patients with LP (as cases; mean age=39.7 ±15.8 years; 31 female, 35 male) and 140 volunteer blood donors (as controls; mean age=29.5 ±8.4 years ; 43 females, 97 males). An enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the presence of anti-HCV antibodies in all subjects in both groups. To confirm positive diagnoses, a second generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA II) test was performed. Results: Lichen planus lesions were most frequentl y located on the trunk and extremities, and the most common clinical type was ge neralized LP (48.5%). One of the patients with LP (1.5%) and three of the cont rols (2.1%) were HCV-Ab positive. No significant difference was observed in HC V-Ab positive between the two groups (OR=0.7; 95%CI=0.1-6.9). Conclusion: The findings indicate that an investigation for HCV infection should not necessaril y be performed in all patients with LP. It is recommended that further studies s hould focus on larger groups in other regions of Iran to determine whether testi ng for HCV infection is necessary in patients with LP.展开更多
Pemphigus has in the past been associated with a high mortality rate.However,with the discovery of corticosteroids,patient median survival has improved.Our purpose was to assess median survival after confirmed diagnos...Pemphigus has in the past been associated with a high mortality rate.However,with the discovery of corticosteroids,patient median survival has improved.Our purpose was to assess median survival after confirmed diagnosis of pemphigus in patients in Kerman,a southern province of Iran.Methods:All patients who were either admitted to the hospital or treated as outpatientsin Kerman from 22 September 1987 to 22 September 1999 and who had confirmed pemphigus were included in the study.Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the following variables were evaluated in a univariate analysis for an association with survival:age,sex,type of pemphigus,and type of therapy.Results:A total of 55 patients(38 female and 17 male)were identified.No significant differences were found between genders.The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 46.0 years.Older groups had a lower survival rate than younger groups(P < 0.001).The majority(82%)of cases were vulgaris/vegetans,and no significant differences were foundin 10-year survival for type of pemphigus.The patients who had been treated with corticosteroid(P > 0.05)s alone had longer median survival times than those who had been treated with corticosteroids plus azathioprine(P < 0.001).A total of 11 patients died;the median follow-up time for those still a live was 5.9 years(range 2-12 years).Estimated survival at 2,6 and 10 years was 92.7,86.8 and 61.5%,respectively.Conclusion:Overall median survival rate in patients with pemphigus was 10 years,regardless of gender or subtype of pemphigus.Survival was adversely affected by late onset.Those patients treated with immunosuppressives and corticosteroids also appeared to have reduced survival times when compared to those treated with corticosteroids alone.展开更多
Wild rodents were collected using live snap traps in pistachio gardens of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from 2007 to 2009, then some physiological parameters of them were measured. The samples were identified as fol...Wild rodents were collected using live snap traps in pistachio gardens of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from 2007 to 2009, then some physiological parameters of them were measured. The samples were identified as follow: Nesokia indica, Meriones persicus, Meriones lybicus and Tatera indica. Blood samples were obtained from the heart, then the blood parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, HDL, red and white blood cell number) in wild species of rodents and laboratory rat were compared. The results showed that there were no significant differences in serum glucose, triglyceride, HDL and total protein levels among different experimental groups. The concentration of cholesterol in T. indica was more than that in N. indica (P < 0.01). The total numbers of red blood cells also showed significant difference between wild garden rodent species and laboratory rat (P < 0.01), while the numbers of white blood cells showed no significant difference.展开更多
【正】Objective:To survey the prevalence of canine gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs presented to the Veterinary faculty of the University of Kerman between May and November 2011.Methods:Methods: A total of 70 fecal...【正】Objective:To survey the prevalence of canine gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs presented to the Veterinary faculty of the University of Kerman between May and November 2011.Methods:Methods: A total of 70 fecal samples were evaluated by the fecal sedimentation method.Results:The prevalence of gastrointestinal helininthes was 7.14%.The parasites most frequently detected were Toxucara cams(T.canis)(4.3%):To.xascaris leonina(T.leonina)(1.4%) and Teania spp.(1.4%). The age distribution of intestinal parasites in dogs showed that the dog less than 1 year old had a higher overall prevalence than those dogs over 12 months of age but there was not signifieanl (P】0.05).Also there was no significant difference in the prevalence between male(7.7%) and female(6.5%) dogs(P】0.05).Conclusions:It is thought that the reduction in the frequency of the dogs with those helininthes may be mainly a result of the improvement in breeding environment and the routine use of antihelmintics.The significance of zoonotic diseases caused by intestinal helininthes makes it necessary for us to know the infection status of domestic dogs and to lake measures for further control.It is concluded that veterinarians have an important role in educating dog owners ol these potential risks and means for preventing or minimizing zoonotic transmission.展开更多
Introduction: Adequate information about patient using health care facilities is a critical element in planning activities and allocation resources in health sector. In Iran, with performing family physician plan and ...Introduction: Adequate information about patient using health care facilities is a critical element in planning activities and allocation resources in health sector. In Iran, with performing family physician plan and attempt to reform referral system, the study of mobility of patients between regions (patient migration) has more importance. The aims of the study are: 1) to describe patients’ migration across cities of Iranian Kerman province;2) to analyze the role of possible determinants affecting the mobility flows. Methodology: using hospital inpatient records of all public hospitals around Kerman province during 2011, we run logit models that compare patients who were admitted in hospital and received health services in cities where they lived and patients received them out of their local hospitals. We studied 21 patient groups according to ICD10 chapters (Appendix 1) to compute the effect of geographic distance, kind of insurance, number of physiccians involved, hospital bed and patient demographic factors. Results: About 40 percent of hospital admissions in Kerman are emigrant patients that quality or quantity of local provided services didn’t satisfy. Constant negative coefficients of geographic distance, hospitals physician and bed and positive coefficients for insurance in all groups do not show any difference in patient migration, between groups. Discussion: According to results of this research, existence of local services, distance, kind of illness and other factors are not more important than patients’ feeling about services in their migration. Paying no attention to this reality in planning health system reforms, especially referral systems, leads to important problems for health system in equity, patient satisfaction and finance aspects.展开更多
On the basis of new findings and some evidences related to porphyry mineralization, the exploration region of Bidkhan is considered as a promising mineral region for discovery of porphyry sort deposits. The findings f...On the basis of new findings and some evidences related to porphyry mineralization, the exploration region of Bidkhan is considered as a promising mineral region for discovery of porphyry sort deposits. The findings from various sections indicate that diverse topological events in a zonal and regional time span have resulted in physiochemical (thermodynamic) systems leading to expansive alterations (metamorphism) and mineralization in the central region of Bidkhan area. Alterations such as Propylitic, Silicating, Argillic, Phyllic and even Potassic concentrates at an area of about 10 km2 together with such structures as fissures have created the required and suitable condition for the formation of thermodynamic systems. Such systems are related to mineralization fluids mineralizer that accompanies the sort of activities that are clearly indicative of the existence of an active igneous source all forming a terrene at Bidkhan region which is very similar to mineralization porphyry systems.展开更多
Kerman region where Sarcheshmeh zone is located includes the end part of Uremia-Dokhtar Zone. Extrusive igneous group in Sarcheshmeh is as follows: 1) andesite and 2) rhyodacite. The group of intrusive igneous rocks i...Kerman region where Sarcheshmeh zone is located includes the end part of Uremia-Dokhtar Zone. Extrusive igneous group in Sarcheshmeh is as follows: 1) andesite and 2) rhyodacite. The group of intrusive igneous rocks includes 1) porphyry granite, 2) porphyry granodiorite, and 3) porphyry diorite. Nochoon mine is located at 4 km of southwest of Sarcheshmeh copper mine and it comprises of a group of extrusive igneous rocks as follows: 1) andesite, and 2) dacite. Based on results of microprobe analysis, pyroxene mineral’s composition in these rocks of diopside and augite indicates amphiboles of composite zone of magnesium hosting type and existing plagioclases in regional rock for labradorite and bitonit composition. The most common compounds are chlorite with formula among antigorite and amosite. Comparison of magnetite mineralization in Sarcheshmeh and Nochoon indicates vein mineralization in Nochoon and disseminated granulation in Sarcheshmeh and particularly concerning to chalcopyrite, Nochoon includes more veins than Sarcheshmeh.展开更多
基金the financial support of Kerman Provincial Gas Corporation&National Iranian Gas Company to conduct this research via Funding Sources of #062570 and#062571.
文摘Fault lineaments are the main input data in earthquake engineering and seismology studies.This study presents a digitally-based active fault map of the Kerman region in central-east Iran which experienced several devastating earthquakes on poorly exposed and/or not identified active faults.Using Landsat 8 data,we have carried out the image-based procedures of fault mapping,which include applying the contrast stretching technique,the principal component analysis,the color composite technique,the spectral rationing,and creating the false-color composite images.Besides,we have cross-checked the resulting map with the geological maps provided by the Geological Survey of Iran to decrease the associated uncertainties.The resulting map includes 123 fault segments,still,a part of which has been expressed in the previously compiled active-fault maps of Iran.Indeed,the new one is mapping the poorly exposed active faults,so-called secondary faults,which are able to produce strong events.These faults are primarily associated with poorly defined areas that accommodate low levels of seismicity;however,sporadic strong events are likely to occur.It has also been investigated that these kinds of faults are seismogenic and are able to produce destructive events.In total,the outcome of this study can also be jointed with seismic studies for investigating parts of the earthquake activity in central-east Iran,in particular for the fault-based approaches in impending earthquake-resistant buildings.
文摘The Shaytor apatite-rich iron deposit is located in the Kashmar-Kerman tectonic zone in the central of the Iranian plat, which is an important polymetallic belt in Iran. The ore bodies are interbedded with the upper inferacaamberian calc-alkaline igneous rocks that show well-preserved porphyritic and volcaniclastic textures. The iron ores have massive, disseminated, and brecciated structures. Magnetite from the Shaytor deposit is low in Ti (TiO<sub>2</sub> = up to 0.70 wt.%) and different ore types show similar rare earth element (REE) and trace element-normalized patterns with weak-to-moderate enrichment in light REE and negative Eu anomalies, indicating a common source and genesis. The similar REE patterns for the magnetite and volcanic basaltic host rocks suggest their close genetic linkage and support a magmatic origin for the deposit. The Shaytor deposit shows the typical characteristics of Kiruna-type deposits with regard to the mineral assemblages, ore texture and structure, and the apatite and magnetite geochemistry. We propose that the Kiruna-type Shaytor apatite-rich iron deposit was derived from Fe-P-rich melt through liquid immiscibility and the activity of hydrothermal fluids.
文摘Background: Lichen planus (LP) is classified as a papulosquamous disease. It has been associated with liver disease, particularly hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, in several studies. Most of these reports, especially the larger series, were conducted in Europe and Japan. Objective: We conducted a case-control stud y in Kerman, Iran to explore the association between LP andHCV.Methods: The stud y included 66 patients with LP (as cases; mean age=39.7 ±15.8 years; 31 female, 35 male) and 140 volunteer blood donors (as controls; mean age=29.5 ±8.4 years ; 43 females, 97 males). An enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the presence of anti-HCV antibodies in all subjects in both groups. To confirm positive diagnoses, a second generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA II) test was performed. Results: Lichen planus lesions were most frequentl y located on the trunk and extremities, and the most common clinical type was ge neralized LP (48.5%). One of the patients with LP (1.5%) and three of the cont rols (2.1%) were HCV-Ab positive. No significant difference was observed in HC V-Ab positive between the two groups (OR=0.7; 95%CI=0.1-6.9). Conclusion: The findings indicate that an investigation for HCV infection should not necessaril y be performed in all patients with LP. It is recommended that further studies s hould focus on larger groups in other regions of Iran to determine whether testi ng for HCV infection is necessary in patients with LP.
文摘Pemphigus has in the past been associated with a high mortality rate.However,with the discovery of corticosteroids,patient median survival has improved.Our purpose was to assess median survival after confirmed diagnosis of pemphigus in patients in Kerman,a southern province of Iran.Methods:All patients who were either admitted to the hospital or treated as outpatientsin Kerman from 22 September 1987 to 22 September 1999 and who had confirmed pemphigus were included in the study.Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the following variables were evaluated in a univariate analysis for an association with survival:age,sex,type of pemphigus,and type of therapy.Results:A total of 55 patients(38 female and 17 male)were identified.No significant differences were found between genders.The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 46.0 years.Older groups had a lower survival rate than younger groups(P < 0.001).The majority(82%)of cases were vulgaris/vegetans,and no significant differences were foundin 10-year survival for type of pemphigus.The patients who had been treated with corticosteroid(P > 0.05)s alone had longer median survival times than those who had been treated with corticosteroids plus azathioprine(P < 0.001).A total of 11 patients died;the median follow-up time for those still a live was 5.9 years(range 2-12 years).Estimated survival at 2,6 and 10 years was 92.7,86.8 and 61.5%,respectively.Conclusion:Overall median survival rate in patients with pemphigus was 10 years,regardless of gender or subtype of pemphigus.Survival was adversely affected by late onset.Those patients treated with immunosuppressives and corticosteroids also appeared to have reduced survival times when compared to those treated with corticosteroids alone.
文摘Wild rodents were collected using live snap traps in pistachio gardens of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from 2007 to 2009, then some physiological parameters of them were measured. The samples were identified as follow: Nesokia indica, Meriones persicus, Meriones lybicus and Tatera indica. Blood samples were obtained from the heart, then the blood parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, HDL, red and white blood cell number) in wild species of rodents and laboratory rat were compared. The results showed that there were no significant differences in serum glucose, triglyceride, HDL and total protein levels among different experimental groups. The concentration of cholesterol in T. indica was more than that in N. indica (P < 0.01). The total numbers of red blood cells also showed significant difference between wild garden rodent species and laboratory rat (P < 0.01), while the numbers of white blood cells showed no significant difference.
文摘【正】Objective:To survey the prevalence of canine gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs presented to the Veterinary faculty of the University of Kerman between May and November 2011.Methods:Methods: A total of 70 fecal samples were evaluated by the fecal sedimentation method.Results:The prevalence of gastrointestinal helininthes was 7.14%.The parasites most frequently detected were Toxucara cams(T.canis)(4.3%):To.xascaris leonina(T.leonina)(1.4%) and Teania spp.(1.4%). The age distribution of intestinal parasites in dogs showed that the dog less than 1 year old had a higher overall prevalence than those dogs over 12 months of age but there was not signifieanl (P】0.05).Also there was no significant difference in the prevalence between male(7.7%) and female(6.5%) dogs(P】0.05).Conclusions:It is thought that the reduction in the frequency of the dogs with those helininthes may be mainly a result of the improvement in breeding environment and the routine use of antihelmintics.The significance of zoonotic diseases caused by intestinal helininthes makes it necessary for us to know the infection status of domestic dogs and to lake measures for further control.It is concluded that veterinarians have an important role in educating dog owners ol these potential risks and means for preventing or minimizing zoonotic transmission.
文摘Introduction: Adequate information about patient using health care facilities is a critical element in planning activities and allocation resources in health sector. In Iran, with performing family physician plan and attempt to reform referral system, the study of mobility of patients between regions (patient migration) has more importance. The aims of the study are: 1) to describe patients’ migration across cities of Iranian Kerman province;2) to analyze the role of possible determinants affecting the mobility flows. Methodology: using hospital inpatient records of all public hospitals around Kerman province during 2011, we run logit models that compare patients who were admitted in hospital and received health services in cities where they lived and patients received them out of their local hospitals. We studied 21 patient groups according to ICD10 chapters (Appendix 1) to compute the effect of geographic distance, kind of insurance, number of physiccians involved, hospital bed and patient demographic factors. Results: About 40 percent of hospital admissions in Kerman are emigrant patients that quality or quantity of local provided services didn’t satisfy. Constant negative coefficients of geographic distance, hospitals physician and bed and positive coefficients for insurance in all groups do not show any difference in patient migration, between groups. Discussion: According to results of this research, existence of local services, distance, kind of illness and other factors are not more important than patients’ feeling about services in their migration. Paying no attention to this reality in planning health system reforms, especially referral systems, leads to important problems for health system in equity, patient satisfaction and finance aspects.
文摘On the basis of new findings and some evidences related to porphyry mineralization, the exploration region of Bidkhan is considered as a promising mineral region for discovery of porphyry sort deposits. The findings from various sections indicate that diverse topological events in a zonal and regional time span have resulted in physiochemical (thermodynamic) systems leading to expansive alterations (metamorphism) and mineralization in the central region of Bidkhan area. Alterations such as Propylitic, Silicating, Argillic, Phyllic and even Potassic concentrates at an area of about 10 km2 together with such structures as fissures have created the required and suitable condition for the formation of thermodynamic systems. Such systems are related to mineralization fluids mineralizer that accompanies the sort of activities that are clearly indicative of the existence of an active igneous source all forming a terrene at Bidkhan region which is very similar to mineralization porphyry systems.
文摘Kerman region where Sarcheshmeh zone is located includes the end part of Uremia-Dokhtar Zone. Extrusive igneous group in Sarcheshmeh is as follows: 1) andesite and 2) rhyodacite. The group of intrusive igneous rocks includes 1) porphyry granite, 2) porphyry granodiorite, and 3) porphyry diorite. Nochoon mine is located at 4 km of southwest of Sarcheshmeh copper mine and it comprises of a group of extrusive igneous rocks as follows: 1) andesite, and 2) dacite. Based on results of microprobe analysis, pyroxene mineral’s composition in these rocks of diopside and augite indicates amphiboles of composite zone of magnesium hosting type and existing plagioclases in regional rock for labradorite and bitonit composition. The most common compounds are chlorite with formula among antigorite and amosite. Comparison of magnetite mineralization in Sarcheshmeh and Nochoon indicates vein mineralization in Nochoon and disseminated granulation in Sarcheshmeh and particularly concerning to chalcopyrite, Nochoon includes more veins than Sarcheshmeh.
