Optimized Allocation Model for Regional Agricultural Fertilizer Resources in Southern Xinjiang from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

[Objective] This study was to establish an optimized model for the allocation of agricultural fertilizer resources in Southern Xinjiang from the perspective of sustainable development.[Method] An optimized model for the allocation of agricultural fertilizer resources was established based on their allocation structure.Combined with the actual agricultural production in Aksu areas of Southern Xinjiang,by establishing a rational evaluation index system,under the premise of considering the planting area constraints,the total water resources constraints and the security constraints of food production,we established the empirical optimal allocation model of the regional agricultural fertilizer resources in Aksu area of Southern Xinjiang.Moreover,we solved the model by using the search algorithm of computer and lingo programming.[Result] The increased economic benefit was near to 1.8 billion Yuan by adopting the optimal allocation methods,with a relative increment of about 34.4%.[Conclusion] Our results provided theoretical basis for achieving the sustainable development of agricultural economy in Southern Xinjiang.

Review on Quantitative Research Methods of Regional Sustainable Development in China

Since the 1990s, with the in-depth study and understanding of sustainable development, quantitative study of regional sustainable development (RSD) was increasingly hot in China. Based on quantitative study of RSD from Core Periodical in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1992–2008), statistical analysis on the annual distribution, periodicals distribution and changes of the distribution were made. And from perspectives of social–economic, ecological, systematic and emerging methods, the course, problems and trends of the quantitative study methods on RSD were examined and analyzed to get a clear summary. By the review, the context on the quantitative study of RSD was to be clarified. The study also showed that, primarily, fields involving quantitative study are expanding; second, big progresses and constant development have been made on the systematic method gradually sophisticated, the flourishing ecological method and emerging new methods in the context of cross and integration which has made complex integrated systems a more satisfactory solution; third, the method system has been more multi-angled, and the clues of independent innovation have been observed despite the fact that the introduction of imported method is the main trend. Although many problems exist, multi-scale study, dynamic timeseries study and inter-regional comparative study will be further exploited and increasingly carried out with the progress of spatial information technology, which would boost the development and application of new methods in RSD study.

Assessment of Sustainable Regional Development Policies： A Case Study of Jambi Province, Indonesia

This paper presents a study of sustainable regional development using multi-criteria analysis. The aim of this paper is to provide an evaluation framework that can be used for the assessment of sustainable regional development using multi criteria linked to development scenarios set by stakeholders. This study was carried out in Jambi Province in Indonesia where balancing sustainable development is constrained by the fact that conservation areas make up the majority of the region. The study employs four alternative policy scenarios for regional sustainable development： （1） business as usual; （2） development based on regional competitiveness; （3） development based on local resources; and （4） regional development based on non-extractive scenario. These four scenarios were assessed using the FLAG Model and the Imprecise Decision Model. Results from analysis show that development policy scenarios based on utilization of local resources and non-extractive economic activities are the most sustainable way of regional development. The study shows the trade-off among policy scenarios must be faced by policy makers in the region either to pursue high economic growth at the cost of the environment or vice versa.

Measuring the agricultural sustainability of India:An application of Pressure-State-Response(PSR)model

Analyzing agricultural sustainability is essential for designing and assessing rural development initiatives.However,accurately measuring agricultural sustainability is complicated since it involves so many different factors.This study provides a new suite of quantitative indicators for assessing agricultural sustainability at regional and district levels,involving environmental sustainability,social security,and economic security.Combining the PressureState-Response(PSR)model and indicator approach,this study creates a composite agricultural sustainability index for the 14 mainstream agro-climatic regions of India.The results of this study show that the Trans-Gengatic Plain Region(TGPR)ranks first in agricultural sustainability among India's 14 mainstream agro-climatic regions,while the Eastern Himalayan Region(EHR)ranks last.Higher livestock ownership,cropping intensity,per capita income,irrigation intensity,share of institutional credit,food grain productivity,crop diversification,awareness of minimum support price,knowledge sharing with fellow farmers,and young and working population,as well as better transportation facilities and membership of agricultural credit societies are influencing indicators responsible for higher agricultural sustainability in TGPR compared with EHR.Although,the scores of environmental sustainability indicators of EHR are quite good,its scores of social and economic security indicators are fairly low,putting it at the bottom of the rank of agricultural sustainability index among the 14 mainstream agroclimatic regions in India.This demonstrates the need of understanding agricultural sustainability in relation to social and economic dimensions.In a nation as diverse and complicated as India,it is the social structure that determines the health of the economy and environment.Last but not least,the sustainability assessment methodology may be used in a variety of India's agro-climatic regions.

以校地合作平台构建区域战略型创新体系:基于浙江大学杭州国际科创中心的案例研究

研究型大学和地方政府合作共建校地合作平台,是研究型大学履行社会服务职能的有效举措,也是构建完善区域战略型创新体系的重要路径。校地合作平台资源投入大、要素配置方式多、运行体制机制新,其在优化区域创新系统中发挥着核心作用,但对于支撑构建区域战略型创新体系的可持续发展模式还有待探索。文章在梳理校地合作平台内涵特征的基础上,以浙江大学杭州国际科创中心为案例,基于区域创新系统与平台管理理论的分析框架,剖析其发展定位、组织形式、运行机制和服务体系,总结校地合作平台建设发展的经验启示,探讨校地合作平台支撑构建区域战略型创新体系的实践路径和政策建议。

Key Scientific Issues for Regional Sustainable Development in Northeast Asia

Within the context of global climate change, achieving sustainable development in Northeast Asia will require in-depth research into the key scientific issues from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. This paper assesses that the main issues to be addressed are：（i） researches on the structure, function and differentiation disciplines of the vast and complex regional resources-environment-socio-economic system that is Northeast Asia and on how the region can respond and evolve. （ii） Failing to find a mode for sustainable development is one of the most serious restrictive factors to development in Northeast Asia. （iii） Development of cross-border regional socio-economic models for sustainable development is essential. And （iv） the strategies above require cross-border technical support platforms to guarantee a consistent approach to regional sustainability in Northeast Asia.

A Study on the Counter Measures for Eco-friendly Land Use Model in Mountainous Area——a Case of Qianjiang District of Chongqing Municipality

Accompanying the development of social economy,the land use model of mountainous area,typically eco-weak area,is changing gradually. Here the establishment of eco-friendly land use model in mountainous area,will pioneer the model of sustainable development in that area. Concerning Qianjiang District of Chongqing Municipality,huge change of land use model,mainly embodied in the unceasing increase of construction land and gradual decrease of agricultural use land,has taken place in recent years. To explore the eco-friendly land use model in mountainous area,Qianjiang District was chosen as the study object in the present study. Via analyzing the changes in land use model,we found that related eco-environment restrictive factors mainly regional climatic change,soil texture,hydrological environment as well as soil erosion and land degradation,etc. And based on these results,we further analyzed the effect of land use change on eco-environment and the factors restricting the maintenance of eco-environment and regional development,finally put forward the counter measures for balancing land use and co-environment in mountainous area. The results will be important for the development of social economy and eco-system construction in Qianjiang District.

低碳视角下中部地区旅游业绿色生产率时空演变与影响因素研究

本文应用基于松弛的全局ML指数(slacks based measure of global Malmquist-Luenberger index,SBM-GML)法来测算我国中部区域2008—2019年期间的绿色生产率(green total factor productivity,GTFP),采用空间引力模型衡量中部地区旅游业绿色生产率空间联系强度,并对其驱动因素进行考察研究。研究发现:2008—2019年中部地区旅游业绿色生产率波动幅度较大,整体呈现出上升的趋势;各省的旅游业绿色生产率差异不大,山西省的旅游业绿色生产率位于中部六省之首;中部六省的旅游业绿色生产率间空间联结格局变化较为稳定,相邻省市间旅游业绿色生产率空间联系强度较高;区位熵、交通便利程度、GDP(国内生产总值)、对中部地区旅游业绿色生产率产生正向的影响。

欧美亚区域实验室运行机制比较研究

在百年变局加速演进的背景下,全球科技竞争日趋激烈,并呈现出多元化和多层次演化的严峻态势。为抢占世界科技制高点,创建高水平科技研发平台并探寻我国区域实验室的运行机制、创新路径和发展战略十分迫切,也十分必要。基于对欧美亚区域实验室的基础性地位和发展战略的认识,深入分析了欧美实验室灵活的人才引育政策和柔性的管理机制,以及日韩实验室运行的“供血、造血”可持续发展经验,并对欧美亚区域实验室的评估、考核和淘汰机制进行了一系列对比分析,得到了如强化政策支持、增强“造血”功能、加强人才培养、与产官学界紧密结合以及建立多元化合作伙伴关系等重要启示,冀能为我国区域实验室的建设发展和相关政策制定提供参考和借鉴。

资源、环境与区域可持续发展研究

本文为探讨中国未来区域发展模式,分析了当今世界区域发展中资源、环境与区域发展的关系,分别从资源和环境的角度归纳出数种区域发展模式,并在简要分析各种发展模式特点的基础上,提出了中国区域发展模式。

区域环境承载力在北海市城市可持续发展研究中的应用

从区域环境承载力的概念出发，对区域环境承载力理论及其量化进行研究，分析了影响区域环境承载力值的因素，并将区域环境承载力指数的变化趋势作为区域发展方式可持续性的判据，从而为区域可持续发展提供了客观的量化的判据。并根据北海市的具体情况，提出了北海市的可持续发展模式。

区域经济可持续发展时空优化模型的初步研究

区域发展可以简化为投入、产出的过程，区域可持续发展包括时间和空间２个方面．区域发展空间优化过程，就是协调效率和公平的过程，这可以转化为以地区间发展水平或发展速度差异不超过某一特定限度为约束条件，以经济效益最优为目标的规划问题．在区域发展的早期阶段，发展是决策的主要目标，必须有效地集中资金，并将其主要地投到基础较好、条件优越的地方，当区域发展到一定水平后，可持续发展，即区域内各地之间的协调发展成为决策的主要目标，此时的公共投入主要用来发展落后地区，以缩小区域差异．依据这些理论提出了区域可持续发展的时空优化模型，包括静态模型和动态模型．

区域发展潜力的评价方法及其应用

阐述了区域可持续发展的涵义 ,并从系统的角度对区域可持续发展进行了分析 ,提出了区域发展潜力的概念。构建了区域发展潜力的评价模型。

中国区域可持续发展定量研究进展

基于CNKI中出现区域可持续发展定量研究以来的核心期刊文献视角,对文献的年度分布、期刊分布进行统计分析,继而从社会-经济学方法、生态学方法、系统学方法、新兴方法4个方面透视区域可持续发展定量研究方法的变动过程及趋势。分析表明,伴随文献的逐年递增,定量研究所涉及的学科领域不断拓展;方法体系由单调走向丰富,但模型的作用有被夸大的趋势;研究内容以水平评价为主,其余评价内容较少涉及;多尺度及动态的时间序列研究全面铺开,但时空结合研究有待深入。系统科学、复杂性理论及空间信息技术的综合运用将促进区域可持续发展定量研究的进一步发展和完善。

区域人口-资源-环境-经济系统可持续发展定量研究

分析了区域人口资源环境经济之间的相互关系；建立了区域ＰＲＥＥ系统可持续发展的判别模型；

民族地区生态经济发展模式研究

针对少数民族地区经济社会发展边缘化与生态环境脆弱共存的特征,本文提出生态经济是民族地区打破生态经济恶性循环,实现可持续发展的必然选择。同时,依据不同民族地区的生态经济特点,提出了不同的生态经济发展模式。

基于五大发展理念视角的河南省区域发展状态评价

将创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享作为复杂系统,采用模糊综合判别法、系统协调度和聚类分析对河南省区域发展状态进行评价。结果表明:(1)河南省区域综合发展水平整体处于较低等级,在空间上以郑州为中心形成"核心-边缘"结构;创新与开放水平地域差异较大,成为制约区域持续协调发展的重要方面;五大发展子系统与区域经济特征存在典型相关性。(2)河南省整体处于弱协调发展类型,大多地市为较低区域发展水平上的协调;协调度与区域经济指标相关性不强,经济发展对地区协调的支撑性作用没有显现。(3)根据不同类型区域的特点,针对性地提出区域五大系统协调发展方略。

区域水资源优化配置模型及应用研究

按可持续发展的要求,分析了已有水资源优化配置研究的不足,根据区域水资源优化配置的含义, 以有限水资源综合效益最大为目标,考虑水源可供水量、用户需水量和水环境与经济系统协调发展等约束,并在体 现可持续发展原则的基础上,建立了区域水资源优化配置模型。最后用该模型进行了河南省三门峡市区1999年 75％保证率下的水资源优化配置研究,并对求解结果进行了合理性分析。

生态足迹模型及其改进模型在耕地评价中的应用

耕地是一种公众资源,承载着保证粮食安全、满足工业化和城市化用地需求,以及生态建设退耕还林还草要求等功能。运用传统生态足迹模型及区域能值足迹模型、耕地能值足迹模型两种能值改进模型,从时间序列上(1978～2007年)对新疆耕地资源利用进行了评价,并分析了3种模型的优缺点。结果表明:1978～2007年间,新疆人均耕地生态足迹不断上升,而人均生态承载力呈无规律变化,但变化幅度较小;新疆耕地生态可持续发展指数不断下降。耕地能值足迹模型显示,新疆耕地可持续发展指数由1978年的5.63下降到2007年的0.60,新疆耕地利用逐步由可持续状态(1978～2000年)恶化为不可持续状态(2001～2007年)。3种模型的对比研究表明:区域能值足迹模型不适合对耕地利用进行评价,只能从总体上分析一个区域的可持续状况;耕地能值足迹模型评价效果最好,能更客观地反映出耕地利用的可持续状态及其变化,在一定程度上克服了传统生态足迹模型的不足和缺陷。

沙漠化地区可持续发展的概念模型

就沙漠化地区可持续发展概念模型进行了分析,并进一步对比了沙漠化地区可持续发展与沙漠化防治实现途径之间的关系。提出,可持续发展与沙漠化防治尽管目标不同,可内容一致、手段相同,就沙漠化地区而言,其可持续发展的过程就是对沙漠化土地的治理过程、是消除沙漠化发生隐患的过程,也是确保区域发展不受沙漠化困扰、可以持续稳定发展的过程。