TOPKAPI模型的应用及与新安江模型的比较研究

为更好地满足气候变化和人类活动影响下的水文研究,流域水文模型已从集总式趋势扩展到半分布式或分布式模型趋势。为此,探讨基于物理基础的分布式水文模型在中小流域洪水模拟的合理性。选用基于物理基础的分布式流域水文模型TOPKAPI做研究,并与新安江模型在结构和洪水特征值等方面进行比较分析。两种模型应用于呈村流域进行洪水模拟计算的结果表明,两种模型模拟精度差异不大,结果均比较满意,可应用于洪水预报、土地利用和环境影响评价和无资料地区水文模拟计算等。

Privilege Flow Oriented Intrusion Detection Based on Hidden Semi-MarkovModel

A privilege flow oriented intrusion detection method based on HSMM (Hidden semi-Markov Model) is discussed. The privilege flow model and HSMM are incorporated in the implementation of an anomaly detection IDS (Intrusion Detection System). Using the dataset of DARPA 1998, our experiment results reveal good detection performance and acceptable computation cost.

θ-improved limited tolerance relation model of incomplete information system for evaluation of water conservancy project management modernization

The modernization of water conservancy project management is a complicated engineering system involving a management system, a management method, management personnel, the exertion of social, economic, and ecological effects, and so on. However, indices for evaluating the modernization of water conservancy project management are usually unobtainable in practical applications. Conducting appropriate extension of the classical rough set theory and then applying it to an incomplete information system are the key to the application of the rough set theory Based on analysis of some extended rough set models in incomplete information systems, a rough set model based on the θ-improved limited tolerance relation is put forward. At the same time, upper approximation and lower approximation are defined under this improved relation. According to the evaluation index system and management practices, the threshold for θ is defined. An example study indicates the practicability and maneuverability of the model.

Mathematical Model of the Identical Slope Surface

The formation of the identical slope surface and the method of construction are discussed. On the basement of building the parameter equation of variable-radius circle family envelope, the frequently used parameter equation of the identical slope surface of the top of taper moving along column helix, horizental arc and line is built. The equation can be used to construct the identical slope surface’s contours, gradient lines and three dimensional figures correctly.

The Application of Genetic Algorithms and Multidimensional Distinguishing Model in Forecasting and Evaluating Credits for Mobile Clients

To solve the arrearage problem that puzzled most of the mobile corporations, we propose an approach to forecast and evaluate the credits for mobile clients, devising a method that is of the coalescence of genetic algorithm and multidimensional distinguishing model. In the end of this paper, a result of a testing application in Zhuhai Branch, GMCC was provided. The precision of the forecasting and evaluation of the client’s credit is near 90%. This study is very significant to the mobile communication corporation at all levels. The popularization of the techniques and the result would produce great benefits of both society and economy.

Crosstalk Model and Estimation Formula for VLSI Interconnect Wires

We develop an interconnect crosstalk estimation model on the assumption of linearity for CMOS device. First, we analyze the terminal response of RC model on the worst condition from theS field to the time domain. The exact 3 order coefficients inS field are obtained due to the interconnect tree model. Based on this, a crosstalk peak estimation formula is presented. Unlike other crosstalk equations in the literature, this formula is only used coupled capacitance and grand capacitance as parameter. Experimental results show that, compared with the SPICE results, the estimation formulae are simple and accurate. So the model is expected to be used in such fields as layout-driven logic and high level synthesis, performance-driven floorplanning and interconnect planning.

Synthesis and Characterization of Porphyrin-Trisbenzimidazole Dinucleating Ligand and Its Heterodinuclear Complex as CcO Active Site Model

A new dinucleating ligand having two metalbinding sites has been designed and synthesized as model ligand for Cytochrome c Oxidase. The corresponding heterodinuclear complex, as an active site model of Cytochrome c Oxidase, consisting of a porphyrinatocobalt compound covalently linked with a copper derivative of tris(2-benzimidazylmethyl) amine bearing three benzimidazole ligands for copper was synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The spectra data suggest that there are interactions between the cobalt and copper coordination units. The cobalt is coordinated to four central nitrogens of the porphyrin and the copper has pentacoordinate geometry with the four tertiary amine nitrogens and a chloride.

Mathematical Models for Some Ecophysiological Characteristics in Different Weather Condition in Moss (Plagiomnium acutum)

Based on the data from experiment, several mathematical models for describing the ecophysiological characteristics ofPlagiomnium acutum and the relationship between photosynthetic active radiation (R)P, temperature of atmospheric (T a), relative humidity (H r), concentration of carbon dioxide were established with the method of regression. The biological meanings of the models were analyzed primarily, which showed significance in both theory and application.

非线性传输线产生射频脉冲原理研究

介绍了非线性传输线的工作原理和色散特性,给出了用于模拟交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的计算方法。算法基于传输线各节点的时域差分方程组进行步进迭代,其中利用J-A模型描述传输线中NiZn铁氧体磁芯的非线性磁化行为,并模拟了非线性传输线的工作方式。实验获得了中心频率165MHz的宽带脉冲输出,初步验证了用于产生宽带电磁脉冲的非线性传输线关键技术。

Uncertainty analysis of seawater intrusion forecasting

In order to describe the importance of uncertainty analysis in seawater intrusion forecasting and identify the main factors that might cause great differences in prediction results, we analyzed the influence of sea level rise, tidal effect, the seasonal variance of influx, and the annual variance of the pumping rate, as well as combinations of different parameters. The results show that the most important factors that might cause great differences in seawater intrusion distance are the variance of pumping rate and combinations of different parameters. The influence of sea level rise can be neglected in a short-time simulation （ten years, for instance）. Retardation of seawater intrusion caused by tidal effects is obviously important in aquifers near the coastline, but the influence decreases with distance away from the coastline and depth away from the seabed. The intrusion distance can reach a dynamic equilibrium with the application of the sine function for seasonal effects of influx. As a conclusion, we suggest that uncertainty analysis should be considered in seawater intrusion forecasting, if possible.

Application of a Degree-Day Model for Determination of Mass Balance of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Eastern Tianshan, China

In order to verify the feasibility and stability of a degree-day model on simulating the long time series of glacier mass balance, we apply a degree-day model to simulate the mass balance of Urumqi Glacier No. 1 for the period 1987/1988-2007/2008 based on temperature and precipitation data from a nearby climate station. The model is calibrated by simulating point measurements of mass bal- ance, mass balance profiles, and mean specific mass balance during 1987/1988-1996/1997. The opti- mized parameters are obtained by using a least square method to make the model fit the measured mass balance through the model calibration. The model validation （1997/1998-2007/2008） indicates that the modeled results are in good agreement with the observations. The static mass balance sensitiv- ity of Urumqi Glacier No. 1 is analyzed by computing the mass balance of the glacier for a temperature increase of 1℃, with and without a 5% precipitation increase, and the values for the east branch are -0.80 and -0.87 m w.e. a-1℃-1, respectively, and for the west branch, the values are -0.68 and -0.74 m w.e. a-1℃-1, respectively. Moreover, the analysis of the parameter stability indicates that the parame- ters in the model determined from the current climate condition can be applied in the prediction of the future mass balance changes for the glacier and provide a reference for extending the model to other small glaciers in western China.

Semantic Model for Voice Controlled Telephone Dialing and Inquiry Systems

A new scheme is presented to detect a large number ofKeywordsin voice controlled switchboard tasks. The new scheme is based on two stages. In the first stage, N best syllable candidates with their corresponding acoustic scores are generated by an acoustic recognizer. In the second stage, a semantic model based parser is applied to determine the optimum keywords by searching through the lattice of N best candidates. The experimental results show that when the spoken input deviates from the predefined syntactic constraints, the parser can also demonstrate high performance. For comparison purposes, the most common way to incorporate the syntactic knowledge of the task directly into the acoustic recognizer in the form of a finite state network is also investigated. Furthermore, to address the sparse data problems, out of domain data in the form of newspaper text are used to obtain a more robust combined semantic model. The experiments show that the combined semantic model can improve the keywords detection rate from 90.07% to 92.91% when 80 ungrammatical sentences which do not conform to the task grammar are used as testing material.

Comparison of blood rheological models in patient specific cardiovascular system simulations

Newtonian, Quemada and Casson blood viscosity models are implemented in order to simulate the rheological behavior of blood under pulsating flow conditions in a patient specific iliac bifurcation. The influence of the applied blood constitutive equations is monitored via the wall shear stress （WSS） distribution, magnitude and oscillations, non-Newtonian importance factors, and viscosity values according to the shear rate. The distribution of WSS on the vascular wall follows a pattern which is independent of the theological model chosen. On the other hand, the WSS magnitude and oscillations are directly related to the blood constitutive equations applied and the shear rate. It is concluded that the Newtonian approximation is satisfactory only in high shear and flow rates. Moreover, the Newtonian model seems to overestimate the possibility for the formation of atherosclerotic lesions or aneurysms at sites of the vascular wall where the WSS are oscillating.