To reveal the period and after-effect of soil water stress on winter wheat, the article employs the experiment results carried out in the greenhouse. The results showed that the root-restricted weights varied with str...To reveal the period and after-effect of soil water stress on winter wheat, the article employs the experiment results carried out in the greenhouse. The results showed that the root-restricted weights varied with stress degrees and stress times during and after water stressing. In the course of stress, the chief reason resticting the weight of root was the stress intensity at this time, and that of severe stress treatment was larger than that of mild stress treatment. After water stress was relieved, the results of the after-effect of soil water stress on root growth were that, the stress intensity of short-time and mild stress was larger than that of long-time and severe stress. Comparing two-stage stress intensities, root-restricted weight resulted from after-effect intensity of stress under all of the short-time treatment, and the mild and the long-time stress treatments, while that resulted from the period stress intensity under the severe and the long-time stress treatments. In general, the effects of water stress on root were attributed to the three factors, a formed basis in the previous stage, the after-effect of water condition before this stage and influence of water in this stage, which lead to the characters of root in the whole growth stage.展开更多
Pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of nitrogen application on winter wheat under different status of soil moisture, so that the key and sensitive stage of winter wheat responses to water and nitrogen...Pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of nitrogen application on winter wheat under different status of soil moisture, so that the key and sensitive stage of winter wheat responses to water and nitrogen coordination were determined. The results showed that the application of N fertilizer was more effective in early stage than in later stage, and at the lower N rates than at the higher N rates under non-irrigated conditions. N treatments had great effect on spikelet bearing number and grain number per spike, but had no effect on 1 000-grain weight; Grain yield and yield component responses to N treatment were greater under irrigated conditions than under non-irrigated conditions. The joining stage was the key and sensitive stage of winter wheat responses to water and nitrogen coordination, and the grain yield, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight increased, when water and N Fertilizer were applied at this stage. The mechanism is that water and fertilizer supply at joining stage can speed up the growth of above-ground crops, enhance the abilities to absorb and utilize nitrogen fertilizer, and meanwhile, delay the aging of the root and keep the root vigor for a longer period.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> The fitting of water requirement and yield during the growth period of winter wheat can improve yield effectively and improve irrigation water use efficiency with a ce...<div style="text-align:justify;"> The fitting of water requirement and yield during the growth period of winter wheat can improve yield effectively and improve irrigation water use efficiency with a certain amount of resource input. This paper selects the irrigation amount, precipitation and yield of winter wheat at the Wuqiao Scientific Observation and Experimental Station. Fitting the water requirement and yield of winter wheat based on three types of artificial neural networks. This paper uses support vector machine (SVM), thought evolution algorithm to optimize BP neural network (MAE-BP) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) to fit the water requirement and yield of two crops. The SVM is the model with the highest fitting accuracy among the three models, the RMSE, MAE, NS and R2 between predictive value and true value are 7.45 kg/hectares, 213.64 kg/hectares, 0.8086, 0.9409 respectively. </div>展开更多
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China （1999011700） the National Natural Science Foundation of China （49971042）.
文摘To reveal the period and after-effect of soil water stress on winter wheat, the article employs the experiment results carried out in the greenhouse. The results showed that the root-restricted weights varied with stress degrees and stress times during and after water stressing. In the course of stress, the chief reason resticting the weight of root was the stress intensity at this time, and that of severe stress treatment was larger than that of mild stress treatment. After water stress was relieved, the results of the after-effect of soil water stress on root growth were that, the stress intensity of short-time and mild stress was larger than that of long-time and severe stress. Comparing two-stage stress intensities, root-restricted weight resulted from after-effect intensity of stress under all of the short-time treatment, and the mild and the long-time stress treatments, while that resulted from the period stress intensity under the severe and the long-time stress treatments. In general, the effects of water stress on root were attributed to the three factors, a formed basis in the previous stage, the after-effect of water condition before this stage and influence of water in this stage, which lead to the characters of root in the whole growth stage.
基金supported by the Key Program(30230230)Major Program(49890330)+1 种基金Special Program for Agriculture(30070429)of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Special Foundation for Key Basic Research,China(G1999011707).
文摘Pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of nitrogen application on winter wheat under different status of soil moisture, so that the key and sensitive stage of winter wheat responses to water and nitrogen coordination were determined. The results showed that the application of N fertilizer was more effective in early stage than in later stage, and at the lower N rates than at the higher N rates under non-irrigated conditions. N treatments had great effect on spikelet bearing number and grain number per spike, but had no effect on 1 000-grain weight; Grain yield and yield component responses to N treatment were greater under irrigated conditions than under non-irrigated conditions. The joining stage was the key and sensitive stage of winter wheat responses to water and nitrogen coordination, and the grain yield, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight increased, when water and N Fertilizer were applied at this stage. The mechanism is that water and fertilizer supply at joining stage can speed up the growth of above-ground crops, enhance the abilities to absorb and utilize nitrogen fertilizer, and meanwhile, delay the aging of the root and keep the root vigor for a longer period.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> The fitting of water requirement and yield during the growth period of winter wheat can improve yield effectively and improve irrigation water use efficiency with a certain amount of resource input. This paper selects the irrigation amount, precipitation and yield of winter wheat at the Wuqiao Scientific Observation and Experimental Station. Fitting the water requirement and yield of winter wheat based on three types of artificial neural networks. This paper uses support vector machine (SVM), thought evolution algorithm to optimize BP neural network (MAE-BP) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) to fit the water requirement and yield of two crops. The SVM is the model with the highest fitting accuracy among the three models, the RMSE, MAE, NS and R2 between predictive value and true value are 7.45 kg/hectares, 213.64 kg/hectares, 0.8086, 0.9409 respectively. </div>
