Land Use Change and Its Effect on Environment Based on Farmers’Behaviors: A Case Study in Agricultural Areas of Tibet, China

In the case study in Agricultural Area of Tibet, the process and characteristics of farmers' land use were surveyed by semi-structural interview questionnaire. By comparing the change of land covers and farmers' land decision in two periods, the spatial connection of them was obtained. And the relations among farmers' land decision, land use change and environment were examined by calculating emergy and value flow. The results show that: hunting the maximal profits is the primary aim of farmers' land decision; farmers' land decision is incompatible with sustainable land use presently; farmers' land decision and land cover can be embodied spatially by each other; the change of farmers' land decision can be monitored by observing the change of land cover, and the sustainability of farmers' land decision can be appraised by calculating emergy and value flow.

喀斯特小流域不同土地利用方式土壤活性碳组分的变化特征

以贵州普定县陈家寨小流域为对象,探讨5种不同土地利用方式0~20 cm土层各活性有机碳组分的差异特征及其与土壤总有机碳间的关系。结果表明:贵州陈家寨喀斯特小流域0~20 cm土层土壤总有机碳含量为42.03(±25.08)g/kg,其中灌木林地有机碳含量最高为77.44(±28.38)g/kg,是耕地有机碳含量的3.5倍;土壤水溶性有机碳的含量表现为灌木林地>荒草地>人工林>果园>耕地,游离活性有机碳的含量表现为灌木林地>人工林>荒草地>果园>耕地,易氧化有机碳的含量表现为灌木林地>人工林>荒草地>耕地>果园;土壤总有机碳含量与各活性碳组分间均有显著相关关系,其中与游离活性有机碳的相关系数最高。不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳含量不同,各活性有机碳组分既有相同之处,又存在差异,说明土壤活性有机碳的复杂性,因此不同活性有机碳的表征指标无论数值还是变化趋势不能直接比较。