Neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in focal cerebral infarction: relationship with upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor

Neuroprotection by ischemic preconditioning has been confirmed by many studies, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we performed cerebral ischemic pre- conditioning in rats by simulating a transient ischemic attack twice （each a 20-minute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery） before inducing focal cerebral infarction （2 hour occlusion-reper- fusion in the same artery）. We also explored the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Seven days after ocdusion-reperfusion, tetrazolium chloride staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that the infarct volume was significantly smaller in the group that underwent preconditioning than in the model group. Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was considerably greater in the hippocampal CA3 region of preconditioned rats than model rats. Our results suggest that the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on focal cerebral infarction are associated with upregulation of vascu- lar endothelial growth factor.

Identification of microRNAs and messenger RNAs involved in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction using integrated bioinformatics analysis

In recent years,a large number of differentially expressed genes have been identified in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(hUMSC)transplants for the treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction.These genes are involved in various biochemical processes,but the role of microRNAs(miRNAs)in this process is still unclear.From the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,we downloaded two microarray datasets for GSE78731(messenger RNA(mRNA)profile)and GSE97532(miRNA profile).The differentially expressed genes screened were compared between the hUMSC group and the middle cerebral artery occlusion group.Gene ontology enrichment and pathway enrichment analyses were subsequently conducted using the online Database for Annotation,Visualization,and Integrated Discovery.Identified genes were applied to perform weighted gene co-suppression analyses,to establish a weighted co-expression network model.Furthermore,the protein-protein interaction network for differentially expressed genes from turquoise modules was built using Cytoscape(version 3.40)and the most highly correlated subnetwork was extracted from the protein-protein interaction network using the MCODE plugin.The predicted target genes for differentially expressed miRNAs were also identified using the online database starBase v3.0.A total of 3698 differentially expressed genes were identified.Gene ontology analysis demonstrated that differentially expressed genes that are related to hUMSC treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction are involved in endocytosis and inflammatory responses.We identified 12 differentially expressed miRNAs in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats after hUMSC treatment,and these differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in signaling in inflammatory pathways,such as in the regulation of neutrophil migration.In conclusion,we have identified a number of differentially expressed genes and differentially expressed mRNAs,miRNA-mRNAs,and signaling pathways involved in the hUMSC treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction.Bioinformatics and interaction analyses can provide novel clues for further research into hUMSC treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction.

Interaction of endothelin-1 and prostacyclin during pathological process in patients with ischemic cerebral infarction

Objective To investigate the interaction and c linical significance of changes in p lasma endothelin-1(ET-1)and prostacyclin(PGI 2 )concentrations in patients with isc hemic cerebral infarction.Methods Plasma ET-1and 6-keto-PGF 1 α(resistant metabolite of PGI 2 )concentrations were measured in 37p atients(study group)with ischemic cerebral infarction a nd 34healthy volunteers(control group)by ra-dioimmunoassay.Results Plasma ET-1concentrations in patie nts of study group were markedly higher than that of control group(P <0.01)and 6-keto-PGF 1 αconcentrations in patients of study group were significantly lower than that of control subjects(P <0.01).Plasma ET-1concentrations in control subjects were positively correlated with 6-k eto-PGF 1 αconcentrations and no correlation i n the study group.Conclusion Both ET-1and PGI 2 are participated in patho-physiolo gic process of ischemic cerebral inf arction.ET-1is a virulence factor a nd may play a deleterious role in ischemic cerebral infarction,PGI 2 is a conservancy factor and endogenetic antagonist of ET-1.It may provid e useful therapy parameter to find out ectogenesis PGI 2 or analog for treating the patients with ischemic cerebral infarction wi th reason.

Use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction in the last 10 years A Scopus-based literature analysis

OBJECTIVE： To identify global research trends in the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction. DATA RETRIEVAL： We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction published during 2002-2011, retrieved from Scopus, using the key words of acupuncture and cerebral infarction or ischemic stroke. SELECTION CRITERIA： Inclusion criteria： peer-reviewed articles on the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction indexed in Scopus and published between 2002 and 2011; types of publications were original research articles, reviews, meeting abstracts, proceedings papers, book chapters, editorial material, and news items. Exclusion criteria： articles that required manual searching or telephone access; documents that were not published in the public domain; and corrected papers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （a） Annual publication output; （b） language of publication; （c） type of publication; （d） key words of publication; （e） publication by research field; （f） publication by journal （g） publication by country and institution; （h） publication by author; （i） most-cited papers between 2002 and 2006; and （j） most-cited papers between 2007 and 2011. RESULTS： A total of 160 publications on the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction from 2002-2011 were retrieved from Scopus. The number of publications increased gradually over the 10-year study period; most were written in Chinese or English. Articles and reviews constituted the major types. The most frequent key word used was acupuncture. The most prolific journals in this area were Zhongguo 7hen Jiu and the Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation. Of the 160 publications retrieved, half came from Chinese authors and institutions. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was the most prolific research institute. Two papers were cited 30 times; they were published in 2002 and 2009, respectively. CONCLUSION： In the field of neuroscience, there is little literature on acupuncture for cerebral infarction. The most-cited papers were cited 30 times in the past 3 years. We believe that, with advances in the study of mechanisms in neurobiology, research on acupuncture will also advance and will become the concern of more scholars.

Awareness intervention for Beijing neurologists regarding secondary prevention of cerebral infarction/transient ischemia Cross-sectional investigation

BACKGROUND： Stroke prevention guidelines should be made available application to aid in uniformity, timing, preciseness, and acceptance of disease. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the awareness of neurologists in some Beijing secondary prevention of cerebral infarction/transient ischemia. DESIGN： Cross-sectional study. to neurologists for clinical hospitals of intervention in SETTING： Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, General Hospital of Beijing Military Area, Command of Chinese PLA, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing 6^th Hospital, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, and Beijing Daxing District Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 28 （associate） chief physicians, 58 attending physicians, and 54 resident physicians who engaged in clinical treatment of cerebrovascular diseases were selected from 8 hospitals in Beijing from March to April 2007. All physicians provided informed consent. METHODS： Self-made closed questionnaires were provided for data collection, consisting of 16 questions that were single choice or multiple choice. Specifically, questions 1-7 focused on awareness of blood pressure regulation in different patients and first choice of decompression drug; questions 8-12 focused on awareness of lipid regulation; and questions 13-16 focused on awareness of anti-blood platelet drugs applied in secondary prevention. The scores ranged from 0-100 points, and each question was worth 6.25 points. The scores positively correlated with the awareness rate. To test leveling real-time, the survey lasted for a maximum of 20 minutes. One questionnaire was independently finished by each subject in the survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Awareness intervention among neurologists during secondary prevention of cerebral infarction/transient ischemia and questionnaire scores. RESULTS： 140 subjects were included in the final analysis. ① The awareness rate among neurologists for intervention during secondary prevention of cerebral infarction/transient ischemia ranged from 0.7-57.9%, the scores ranged between 0-56 points, and the mean score was 26 points.② Scores of resident physicians were 0-56 points with a mean score of 26 points; attending physicians scored 6-50 points, with a mean score of 26 points; and chief physicians scored 6-50 points, with a mean score of 23 points. There were no significant differences among the various physicians （F = 0.771, t = 0.465, P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Awareness among neurologists of intervention during secondary prevention of cerebral infarction/transient ischemia is not ideal. However, there was no significant difference between professional titles.

Therapeutic imaging window of cerebral infarction revealed by multisequence magnetic resonance imaging An animal and clinical study

In this study, we established a Wistar rat model of right middle cerebral artery occlusion and observed pathological imaging changes （T2-weighted imaging [T2WI], T2FLAIR, and diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI]） following cerebral infarction. The pathological changes were divided into three phases： early cerebral infarction, middle cerebral infarction, and late cerebral infarction. In the early cerebral infarction phase （less than 2 hours post-infarction）, there was evidence of intracellular edema, which improved after reperfusion. This improvement was defined as the ischemic penumbra. In this phase, a high DWI signal and a low apparent diffusion coefficient were observed in the right basal ganglia region. By contrast, there were no abnormal T2WI and T2FLAIR signals. For the middle cerebral infarction phase （2-4 hours post-infarction）, a mixed edema was observed. After reperfusion, there was a mild improvement in cell edema, while the angioedema became more serious. A high DWI signal and a low apparent diffusion coefficient signal were observed, and some rats showed high T2WI and T2FLAIR signals. For the late cerebral infarction phase （4-6 hours post-infarction）, significant angioedema was visible in the infarction site. After reperfusion, there was a significant increase in angioedema, while there was evidence of hemorrhage and necrosis. A mixed signal was observed on DWI, while a high apparent diffusion coefficient signal, a high T2WI signal, and a high T2FLAIR signal were also observed. All 86 cerebral infarction patients were subjected to T2WI, T2FLAIR, and DWI. MRI results of clinic data similar to the early infarction phase of animal experiments were found in 51 patients, for which 10 patients （10/51） had an onset time greater than 6 hours. A total of 35 patients had MRI results similar to the middle and late infarction phase of animal experiments, of which eight patients （8/35） had an onset time less than 6 hours. These data suggest that defining the ＂therapeutic time window＂ as the time 6 hours after infarction may not be suitable for all patients. Integrated application of MRI sequences including T2WI, T2FLAIR, DW-MRI, and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping should be used to examine the ischemic penumbra, which may provide valuable information for identifying the ＂therapeutic time window＂.

Predictive power of abnormal electroencephalogram for post-cerebral infarction depression

Electroencephalography is a sensitive indicator for measuring brain condition, and can reflect early changes in brain function and severity of cerebral ischemia. However, it is not yet known whether electroencephalography can predict development of post-cerebral infarc- tion depression. A total of 321 patients with ischemic stroke underwent electroencephalography and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale assessment to analyze the relationship between electroencephalography and post-cerebral infarction depression. Our results show that electroencephalograms of ischemic stroke patients with depression exhibit low-amplitude alpha activity and slow theta activity. In con- trast, electroencephalograms of ischemic stroke patients without depression show fast beta activity and slow delta activity. ＂Ihese findings confirm that low-amplitude alpha activity and slow theta activity can be considered as independent predictors for post-cerebral infarction depression.

Clinical Observation of Intravenous Nimotop in Comparison with Mailuoning Therapy in Cerebral Infarction

The effect of intravenous Nimotop, a calciumchannel antagonist, in the treatment of cerebral infarction in 32 patients was compared with that of 45 control patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine Mailuoning. In the former the total effective rate was 96.9% while in the latter, 88.9% (P>0.05). Both had good effects on patients with cerebral infarction. The effectual rates of the two groups were 81.3% and 60.0% (P<0.05) respectively. Nimotop had a more significant effect on the recovery of neurological deficits and a better effect on the patients in the early stage of the disease with or without mental impairment.

Nursing perspective of expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine

Cerebral infarction(CI)is also known as ischemic stroke.It is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases,with high mortality and disability rate,which has seriously threatened human health.To better apply the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine to the treatment of patients with CI,the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine issued the Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebral Infarction with the Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in 2021.It involves etiology and pathogenesis of CI,diagnosis and treatment standards of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and Western Medicine,syndrome elements of TCM,as well as rehabilitation nursing of CI with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine during acute period and recovery period.This study interprets the consensus from routine nursing,dietary nursing,emotional nursing,complication nursing,rehabilitation nursing,and continuous nursing,aiming to provide evidence-based support for clinical TCM nursing practice.

Serum platelet-activating factor level of patients with cerebral infarction from TIA and its correlation with coagulation function and inflammatory response

Objective: To study the serum platelet-activating factor (PAF) level of patients with cerebral infarction from transient ischemic attack (TIA) and its correlation with coagulation function and inflammatory response. Methods: TIA patients who were hospitalized in Neurology Department of Foshan Second People's Hospital between September 2016 and July 2017 were selected and divided into simple TIA group and cerebral infarction group according to the progression into cerebral infarction or not within 1 week;healthy subjects who received physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum levels of PAF, coagulation function indexes and inflammation indexes were detected. Results: Serum PAF, FVIII, vWF, TNF-α, hs-CRP, MCP-1 and IL-17 contents of cerebral infarction group and simple TIA group were significantly higher than those of control group while PT, APTT and TT levels were significantly shorter than those of control group;serum PAF, FVIII, vWF, TNF-α, hs-CRP, MCP-1 and IL-17 contents of cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those of simple TIA group while PT, APTT and TT levels were significantly shorter than those of simple TIA group;serum FVIII, vWF, TNF-α, hs-CRP, MCP-1 and IL-17 contents of TIA patients with high PAF content were significantly higher than those of TIA patients with low PAF content while PT, APTT and TT levels were significantly shorter than those of TIA patients with low PAF content. Conclusion: Excessively generated PAF can promote TIA progression to cerebral infarction by activating coagulation pathway and inflammatory response.

远隔缺血后适应对脑梗死患者临床疗效及脑保护作用的影响

目的探讨远隔缺血后适应(RIPC)对脑梗死患者临床疗效、脑保护作用的影响。方法选取本院2022年1月—2022年12月收治的110例脑梗死患者,采用随机数字表法分为常规组(脑梗死常规治疗)和RIPC组(常规组治疗基础上+RIPC),每组55例。比较两组疗效及两组治疗前后神经功能评分、脑血流动力学指标[搏动指数(PI)和动脉平均血流速度(Vm)]、血清炎症因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素6(IL-6)和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)]、胱抑素C(CysC)和血清尿酸(UA)水平,记录脑缺血症状再发生及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗6个月后,RIPC组总有效率显著高于常规组(P<0.05);治疗前两组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NHISS)评分和Barthel评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗6个月后两组NHISS评分均较治疗前降低,Barthel评分升高(均P<0.05),且RIPC组和常规组NHISS评分和Barthel评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前两组Vm和PI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗6个月后两组Vm均较治疗前升高,PI均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且RIPC组和常规组Vm和PI比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前两组IL-6、CRP和TGF-β比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗6个月后两组IL-6、CRP均较治疗前降低,TGF-β升高(均P<0.05),且RIPC组和常规组IL-6、CRP和TGF-β比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前两组CysC及UA比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗6个月后,两组CysC及UA均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且RIPC组和常规组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组间脑缺血症状再发生及不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论RIPC对脑梗死患者临床效果肯定,可发挥较好脑保护作用,有效改善患者神经功能和炎症反应,调节机体UA及CysC水平,且安全有效,值得临床推广应用。

NLR、LLR、ENR对短暂症状性脑梗死的预测价值

目的评估中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/淋巴细胞比值(LLR)及嗜酸性粒细胞/中性粒细胞比值(ENR)预测短暂症状性脑梗死(TSI)的价值。方法选取保定市第一中心医院神经内一、二科2022年6月1日至2023年5月31日住院的201例以短暂性脑缺血(TIA)症状就诊的患者作为研究对象,依据颅脑DWI检查有无脑梗死病灶分为TSI组和TIA发作组。比较分析组间的资料,用Spearman相关分析探究各指标与TSI的关系,通过绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各指标对TSI的预测效能。结果符合纳入标准的患者共201例,其中TSI46例,TIA 155例。单因素分析显示,TSI组的淋巴细胞数、嗜酸性粒细胞数及ENR明显比TIA组低,NLR及LLR明显比TIA组高(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,淋巴细胞数、嗜酸性粒细胞数及ENR是TSI的保护因素,NLR及LLR是TSI的危险因素(P<0.05)。NLR、LLR及ENR对TSI的预测效能优于淋巴细胞数及嗜酸性粒细胞数,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.665、0.665及0.622。结论NLR、LLR及ENR检测费用低、方法简便,可作为预测TSI的新标志。

脑后动脉梗死患者局部缺血性病变程度预测视野缺损改善的临床价值

目的 研究大脑后动脉(PCA)梗死患者局部缺血性病变程度(rEIL)预测视野缺损(VFD)改善的临床价值。方法 2020年9月—2023年7月,前瞻性纳入PCA缺血性梗死引起的半侧VFD患者38例,上象限VFD 35例,下象限VFD 29例。利用弥散加权成像计算视觉皮层rEIL。将随访3个月时视野评分(VFS)改善20%定义为VFD显著改善。利用Spearman相关性和Logistic回归模型评估预测半侧VFD或上/下象限VFD改善的相关因素。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析对组合不同的变量亚组进行多变量分类测试。结果 22例(57.89%)半侧VFD显著改善,上象限VFD和下象限VFD显著改善率分别为40.00%和44.83%。经Spearman分析,舌回和距状回rIEL(%)与半侧/上象限/下象限ΔVFS均呈负相关,另外楔状回rIEL(%)与半侧ΔVFS也呈负相关(P<0.05)。经单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,舌回和距状回rEIL(%)可能是半侧VFD或上象限VFD改善较差的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。ROC结果显示,临床变量(年龄+入院时NIHSS+基线VFS+梗死体积)联合舌回和距状回rEIL可提高VFD改善结局的预测效能,曲线下面积由0.767(95%CI:0.618~0.916)增加至0.963(95%CI:0.891~1.000)。结论 基于单独皮层的rEIL可相对准确地预测VFD的改善。将舌回和距状回rEIL数据补充到临床变量中可以提高PCA梗死后VFD预测模型的效能。

ABCD2评分、PAF、sCD40L、C1q对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值及其危险因素分析

目的探讨ABCD2评分及血清血小板活化因子(PAF)、可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)、补体1q(C1q)对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2020年11月至2022年12月该院收治的94例短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死患者作为脑梗死组,另选取同期收治的146例短暂性脑缺血发作后非脑梗死患者作为非脑梗死组。比较两组临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的危险因素,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q单独及联合检测对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值。结果脑梗死组和非脑梗死组颈部血管斑块、发作持续时间、发作频率情况,ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q、白细胞介素(IL)-6、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有颈部血管斑块、发作持续时间≥15 min、发作频率≥2次/月,以及ABCD2评分,血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q、IL-6、hs-CRP水平升高是短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q联合预测短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的灵敏度、曲线下面积分别为96.81%、0.927,高于或大于ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q单独预测(P<0.05);ABCD2评分、血清PAF单独预测的灵敏度分别高于血清sCD40L、C1q单独预测的灵敏度(P<0.05);ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L单独预测的特异度高于血清C1q单独、4项指标联合预测的特异度(P<0.05),血清C1q单独预测的特异度高于4项指标联合预测的特异度(P<0.05)。结论短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的发生与患者有颈部血管斑块、发作持续时间≥15 min、发作频率≥2次/月,以及ABCD2评分,血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q、IL-6、hs-CRP水平升高均密切相关,且ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q联合检测对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值更高。

磁共振弥散加权成像联合CRP对急性缺血性脑梗死时间窗的鉴别价值

目的磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)联合血清C反应蛋白(CRP)对急性缺血性脑梗死时间窗的鉴别价值。方法回顾性分析2021年6月至2023年6月宝鸡市中心医院收治的195例急性缺血性脑梗死患者床资料,其中男111例,女84例,年龄范围57~75岁。按发病至接受磁共振检查前时间分为超急性期组(病程≤6 h)67例、急性期组(病程6~72 h)79例、亚急性期组(≥72~168 h)49例;比较3组患者的DWI检查结果[表观弥散系数(ADC)]及CRP水平,受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)分析DWI联合CRP对急性缺血性脑梗死时间窗的鉴别价值,采用t检验、F检验进行统计分析。结果超急性期组患侧ADC为(0.33±0.08)×10^(-3) mm^(2)/s,低于急性期组的(0.40±0.09)×10^(-3) mm^(2)/s、亚急性期组的(1.56±0.25)×10^(-3) mm^(2)/s,3组比较差异有统计学意义(F=34.455,P<0.05);且超急性期组、急性期组患者患侧ADC值低于健侧,但亚急性期组患者ADC值高于健侧,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。超急性期组CRP为(9.39±3.03)mg/L,高于急性期组(6.01±1.27)mg/L、亚急性期(5.48±1.33)mg/L(q=16.09、712.295,均P<0.05);但急性期组、亚急性期CRP比较差异无统计学意义(q=1.933、P>0.05)。ROC显示ADC鉴别急性缺血性脑梗死超急性期的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.587,灵敏度为100.00%、特异度为38.38%;CRP鉴别急性缺血性脑梗死超急性期的AUC为0.888,灵敏度为73.13%、特异度为96.87%;ADC联合CRP的AUC为0.918,灵敏度、特异度分别为85.07%、86.72%。结论急性缺血性脑梗死患者的ADC与血清CRP水平均可有效鉴别时间窗,ADC鉴别超急性缺血性脑梗死存在高灵敏度优势,CRP则具有高特异度优势,两者联合可进一步优化鉴别效能。

银丹心脑通软胶囊联合静脉溶栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效

目的:探讨银丹心脑通软胶囊联合静脉溶栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2022年1月-2023年1月徐州市第一人民医院收治的AIS患者80例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,各40例。对照组给予静脉溶栓治疗,观察组给予银丹心脑通软胶囊联合静脉溶栓治疗。比较两组患者临床效果。结果:研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004);治疗后,两组甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均降低,研究组低于对照组,两组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均升高,研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组活化部分凝血酶时间、凝血酶原时间水平均降低,研究组低于对照组,两组纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体水平均升高,研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组卒中量表、Rankin修订总评分均降低,研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:AIS患者采用银丹心脑通软胶囊联合静脉溶栓治疗效果显著,可改善患者神经功能缺损、病残程度、血脂水平及凝血功能。

三酰甘油与APOE基因多态性在短暂性脑缺血发作患者发生急性脑梗死中的交互作用研究

目的探讨三酰甘油(TG)与载脂蛋白E(APOE)基因多态性在短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者发生急性脑梗死中的交互作用。方法对2019年1月—2021年6月349例TIA进行6个月随访,根据是否发生急性脑梗死分为发生组、未发生组,比较2组一般资料、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、TG、APOE基因多态性,并比较不同TG水平患者APOE基因多态性,使用多因素Logistic回归分析TIA发生急性脑梗死的影响因素,使用交互作用系数γ分析TG与APOE基因多态性的交互作用。结果随访6个月,共45例(12.89%)TIA患者发生急性脑梗死。发生组TG高于未发生组(P<0.01)。发生组及TG升高患者E3/3基因型、ε3等位基因频率分别低于未发生组及TG正常患者,E3/4基因型、ε4等位基因频率分别高于未发生组及TG正常患者(P<0.05)。校正TIA持续时间、TIA发作频率后,TG、APOE基因型E3/3、E3/4及等位基因ε4仍是TIA发生急性脑梗死的独立影响因素(P<0.01)。TG升高与APOE基因型E3/4在TIA发生急性脑梗死中呈正向交互作用,且交互作用符合次相乘模型。结论TG升高与APOE基因型E3/4在TIA发生急性脑梗死中呈正向交互作用,且交互作用符合次相乘模型,TG升高可增强APOE基因型E3/4对TIA发生急性脑梗死的易感性。

DTI联合DWI对急性脑梗死早期缺血半暗带的定量评估价值

目的分析磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)联合弥散加权成像(DWI)对急性脑梗死(ACI)早期缺血半暗带(IP)的定量评估价值。方法选取ACI患者80例,均行磁共振DTI和DWI检查,根据患者发病时间将其分为超急性期组(<6h,n=24)、急性期组(6~24h,n=26)和亚急性期组(24~72h,n=30),比较ACI患者梗死中心区、IP区、对侧镜像区的平均扩散系数(DCavg)、表观扩散系数(ADC)、异性指数(FA)值,并比较ACI患者不同发病时期IP区的rDCavg、rADC、rFA值。结果ACI患者不同区域DCavg、ADC、FA值比较:梗死中心区<IP区<对侧镜像区(P<0.05)。ACI患者不同发病时期IP区rDCavg、rADC、rFA值比较:超急性期组>急性期组>亚急性期组(P<0.05)。结论DTI联合DWI检查的相关定量参数对于ACI早期IP具有较高的评估价值,临床可借鉴应用。

全脑CT灌注及磁共振弥散加权成像评价短暂性脑缺血发作继发脑梗死的价值

目的探究全脑CT灌注及磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)评价短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)继发脑梗死的价值。方法选取2022-06—2023-04中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇二医院治疗的70例TIA患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据患者发病7 d内临床诊断继发性脑梗死状况分为脑梗死组(n=22)与非脑梗死组(n=48),对比2组全脑CT灌注参数,经ROC曲线分析全脑CT灌注参数联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的最佳阈值,对比全脑CT灌注参数、DWI及两项联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的灵敏度、特异性,并通过Kappa值分析其一致性。结果脑梗死组CBF、CBV低于非脑梗死组,TTP、MTT高于非脑梗死组(P<0.05)。采用ROC分析获取CBF、CBV、TTP、MTT诊断TIA继发脑梗死的AUC分别为0.670、0.854、0.681、0.754,联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的AUC为0.925。以临床诊断为金标准,全脑CT灌注诊断TIA继发脑梗死的敏感度77.27%,特异性95.83%,Kappa值0.759;磁共振弥散加权成像诊断TIA继发脑梗死的敏感度81.82%,特异性97.92%,Kappa值0.828;两项联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的敏感度95.45%,特异性95.83%,Kappa值0.902,一致性较好。结论全脑CT灌注及DWI诊断TIA继发脑梗死均具有一定价值,且两项联合诊断的准确性更好。

从脾论治缺血性中风恢复期及验案举隅

目前随着中国人民生活水平逐渐提高,缺血性中风的发病率也在不断上升。缺血性中风恢复期为缺血性中风急性发病后的2周至6个月内,是由急性期向后遗症期过渡的中间时期,也是言语、认知、运动等功能恢复的关键时期,其中医病机以虚中夹实为主,与脾的关系尤为密切。文章论述从脾诊治缺血性中风恢复期的理论依据及临床应用,为脑梗死恢复期的临床治疗提供新的思路。