Gravity Investigation in Area East of River Nile (Khartoum State)

The purpose of the study is to investigate the subsurface geology of the area. For quantitative interpretation of the resulting Bouguer anomalies, borehole data are explored. This is done along several profiles obtained from software program G.model version 2.2 No.175. This program is based on two dimensional mass distribution. The interpretation reveals two basinal features filling depressions in the basement complex named as Abu Harira basin and Kabbashi basin. They are structurally related to Khartoum basin. As a result, a geological/structural map of the area in east of the Nile is produced. The basinal features in the study area are considered as parts of the central Sudan (Khartoum basin) that had been subjected to several tectonic events that resulted in the formation of several fracture systems associated with block subsidence and formation of these basins.

非洲喀土穆盆地下白垩统烃源岩特征与油气成藏

喀土穆盆地是一个中新生代裂谷盆地,位于中非裂谷系最东端,盆内发育十多个凹陷。本次研究基于岩屑和原油样品的地球化学分析,重点对盆地内K凹陷和D凹陷下白垩统烃源岩进行研究。结果表明,K凹陷下白垩统AJ组发育一套较为优质的湖相泥岩,厚度为40~180m,以Ⅱ型有机质为主,整体热演化为低熟-成熟阶段;AJ组泥岩的姥植比多为0.5~2之间,属于半还原-半氧化环境,有机质以半咸水湖泊中水体生物和陆源高等植物混源为主。而D凹陷的下白垩统D3组发育一套中等到好的气源岩,以Ⅱ2~Ⅲ型有机质为主,整体热演化为成熟-高成熟阶段,总有机碳比AJ组稍低,但厚度很大在200~500 m之间。从K凹陷向南到D凹陷,有机质中高等植物来源占比增高,藻类和细菌来源有机质占比降低,盆地中原油的萜烷和甾烷含量均较低,藿烷含量高,具有典型的中非裂谷系原油特征。结合有机质类型和成熟度,喀土穆盆地K凹陷未来勘探应以油为主, D凹陷以气为主,其余凹陷潜力有限。

蓝尼罗河盆地喀土穆凹陷构造演化及烃源岩发育特征

对蓝尼罗河盆地喀土穆凹陷构造演化特征进行了分析,重新厘定了构造演化阶段,并对主力烃源岩发育特征及油气来源进行了深入分析。研究表明:喀土穆凹陷的形成与演化受控于中非剪切带的活动,该凹陷经历了裂陷Ⅰ期、裂陷Ⅱ期及拗陷期等构造演化阶段。早白垩世裂陷Ⅰ期的强裂陷作用是湖相烃源岩发育的主要时期,综合烃源岩地化指标及油-源对比分析认为Abu Jinn组烃源岩为喀土穆凹陷的主力烃源岩。喀土穆凹陷Abu Jinn组烃源岩与穆格莱德盆地Abu Gabra组主力烃源岩沉积环境类似,为弱氧化-弱还原的沉积环境,且水体较淡。不同构造位置处Abu Jinn组烃源岩有机质类型和甾烷分布差别较大。Abu Jinn组烃源岩热演化程度主要受埋藏深度的控制,但火山活动促进了Abu Jinn组烃源岩的热演化,烃源岩成熟度受火成岩影响范围约为火成岩上下200 m范围。