A common challenge in managing kidney transplant recipients(KTR)is posttransplant diabetes mellitus(PTDM)or diabetes mellitus(DM)newly diagnosed after transplantation,in addition to known pre-existing DM.PTDM is an im...A common challenge in managing kidney transplant recipients(KTR)is posttransplant diabetes mellitus(PTDM)or diabetes mellitus(DM)newly diagnosed after transplantation,in addition to known pre-existing DM.PTDM is an important risk factor for post-transplant cardiovascular(CV)disease,which adversely affects patient survival and quality of life.CV disease in KTR may manifest as ischemic heart disease,heart failure,and/or left ventricular hypertrophy.Available therapies for PTDM include most agents currently used to treat type 2 diabetes.More recently,the use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i),glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RA),and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors(DPP4i)has cautiously extended to KTR with PTDM,even though KTR are typically excluded from large general population clinical trials.Initial evidence from observational studies seems to indicate that SGLT2i,GLP-1 RA,and DPP4i may be safe and effective for glycemic control in KTR,but their benefit in reducing CV events in this otherwise high-risk population remains unproven.These newer drugs must still be used with care due to the increased propensity of KTR for intravascular volume depletion and acute kidney injury due to diarrhea and their single-kidney status,pre-existing burden of peripheral vascular disease,urinary tract infections due to immunosuppression and a surgically altered urinary tract,erythrocytosis from calcineurin inhibitors,and reduced kidney function from acute or chronic rejection.展开更多
BACKGROUND:The molecular mechanism of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)is unclear.We analyzed co-differentially expressed genes(co-DEGs)to elucidate the underlying mechanism and intervention targets of SA-...BACKGROUND:The molecular mechanism of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)is unclear.We analyzed co-differentially expressed genes(co-DEGs)to elucidate the underlying mechanism and intervention targets of SA-AKI.METHODS:The microarray datasets GSE65682,GSE30718,and GSE174220 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.We identified the co-DEGs and constructed a gene co-expression network to screen the hub genes.We analyzed immune correlations and disease correlations and performed functional annotation of the hub genes.We also performed single-cell and microenvironment analyses and investigated the enrichment pathways and the main transcription factors.Finally,we conducted a correlation analysis to evaluate the role of the hub genes.RESULTS:Interleukin 32(IL32)was identified as the hub gene in SA-AKI,and the main enriched signaling pathways were associated with hemopoiesis,cellular response to cytokine stimulus,inflammatory response,and regulation of kidney development.Additionally,IL32 was significantly associated with mortality in SA-AKI patients.Monocytes,macrophages,T cells,and NK cells were closely related to IL32 and were involved in the immune microenvironment in SA-AKI patients.IL32 expression increased significantly in the kidney of septic mouse.Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2)was significantly and negatively correlated with IL32.CONCLUSION:IL32 is the key gene involved in SA-AKI and is significantly associated with prognosis.TLR2 and relevant immune cells are closely related to key genes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)but its full correlation with COVID-19 infection remains unknown.AIM To identify acute pancreatitis’occurrence...BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)but its full correlation with COVID-19 infection remains unknown.AIM To identify acute pancreatitis’occurrence,clinical presentation and outcomes in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients with acute COVID-19.METHODS A retrospective observational single-centre cohort study from a transplant centre in Croatia for all adult renal transplant recipients with a functioning kidney allograft between March 2020 and August 2022 to record cases of acute pancreatitis during acute COVID-19.Data were obtained from hospital electronic medical records.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection was proven by a positive SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction on the nasopharyngeal swab.RESULTS Four hundred and eight out of 1432(28.49%)patients who received a renal allograft developed COVID-19 disease.The analyzed cohort included 321 patients(57%males).One hundred and fifty patients(46.7%)received at least one dose of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine before the infection.One hundred twenty-five(39.1%)patients required hospitalization,141(44.1%)developed pneumonia and four patients(1.3%)required mechanical ventilation.Treatment included immunosuppression modification in 233 patients(77.1%)and remdesivir in 53 patients(16.6%),besides the other supportive measures.In the study cohort,only one transplant recipient(0.3%)developed acute pancreatitis during acute COVID-19,presenting with abdominal pain and significantly elevated pancreatic enzymes.She survived without complications with a stable kidney allograft function.CONCLUSION Although rare,acute pancreatitis may complicate the course of acute COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients.The mechanism of injury to the pancreas and its correlation with the severity of the COVID-19 infection in kidney transplant recipients warrants further research.展开更多
目的评价抗CD25单克隆抗体对肾移植受者术后早期CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25 high Treg)的影响。方法2007年2-9月接受初次亲属活体供肾移植的受者41例,根据是否使用抗CD25单克隆抗体(商品名daclizumab)分为抗体组(21例)和对照组(2...目的评价抗CD25单克隆抗体对肾移植受者术后早期CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25 high Treg)的影响。方法2007年2-9月接受初次亲属活体供肾移植的受者41例,根据是否使用抗CD25单克隆抗体(商品名daclizumab)分为抗体组(21例)和对照组(20例)。其中抗体组在肾移植术前2h及术后第14天分别给予抗CD25单抗各50mg。在移植前及移植后第13、17、60天分别留取肝素抗凝外周血15ml。应用流式细胞仪测定两组受者外周血CD4+T细胞和CD4+CD25 high Treg比例的变化,半定量RT-PCR检测CD25 mRNA的表达变化。结果肾移植术后13、17、60d抗体组的CD25+T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例(20%±8%、13%±7%、24%±9%)低于对照组(45%±6%、41%±5%、40%±6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗体组术后第17天CD4+CD25 high Treg占CD4+T细胞的比例为4.40%±0.26%,明显低于对照组(8.56%±0.36%,P<0.01);而术后13、60d抗体组CD4+CD25 high Treg所占比例分别为7.00%±0.47%、3.75%±0.19%,与对照组(分别为8.04%±0.32%、3.66%±0.31%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗体组CD25 mRNA相对表达水平在给予第二次抗体前(术后第13天)为1.65±0.22,术后第17天为1.84±0.27,两者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组术后第17天CD25 mRNA相对表达水平为1.70±0.23,与抗体组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两剂共100mg抗CD25单抗仅一过性地降低CD4+CD25 high Treg,不会影响其活化扩增,无损于术后早期的免疫耐受诱导及维持。展开更多
文摘A common challenge in managing kidney transplant recipients(KTR)is posttransplant diabetes mellitus(PTDM)or diabetes mellitus(DM)newly diagnosed after transplantation,in addition to known pre-existing DM.PTDM is an important risk factor for post-transplant cardiovascular(CV)disease,which adversely affects patient survival and quality of life.CV disease in KTR may manifest as ischemic heart disease,heart failure,and/or left ventricular hypertrophy.Available therapies for PTDM include most agents currently used to treat type 2 diabetes.More recently,the use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i),glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RA),and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors(DPP4i)has cautiously extended to KTR with PTDM,even though KTR are typically excluded from large general population clinical trials.Initial evidence from observational studies seems to indicate that SGLT2i,GLP-1 RA,and DPP4i may be safe and effective for glycemic control in KTR,but their benefit in reducing CV events in this otherwise high-risk population remains unproven.These newer drugs must still be used with care due to the increased propensity of KTR for intravascular volume depletion and acute kidney injury due to diarrhea and their single-kidney status,pre-existing burden of peripheral vascular disease,urinary tract infections due to immunosuppression and a surgically altered urinary tract,erythrocytosis from calcineurin inhibitors,and reduced kidney function from acute or chronic rejection.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7222162 to Dr.Hui Liu)。
文摘BACKGROUND:The molecular mechanism of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)is unclear.We analyzed co-differentially expressed genes(co-DEGs)to elucidate the underlying mechanism and intervention targets of SA-AKI.METHODS:The microarray datasets GSE65682,GSE30718,and GSE174220 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.We identified the co-DEGs and constructed a gene co-expression network to screen the hub genes.We analyzed immune correlations and disease correlations and performed functional annotation of the hub genes.We also performed single-cell and microenvironment analyses and investigated the enrichment pathways and the main transcription factors.Finally,we conducted a correlation analysis to evaluate the role of the hub genes.RESULTS:Interleukin 32(IL32)was identified as the hub gene in SA-AKI,and the main enriched signaling pathways were associated with hemopoiesis,cellular response to cytokine stimulus,inflammatory response,and regulation of kidney development.Additionally,IL32 was significantly associated with mortality in SA-AKI patients.Monocytes,macrophages,T cells,and NK cells were closely related to IL32 and were involved in the immune microenvironment in SA-AKI patients.IL32 expression increased significantly in the kidney of septic mouse.Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2)was significantly and negatively correlated with IL32.CONCLUSION:IL32 is the key gene involved in SA-AKI and is significantly associated with prognosis.TLR2 and relevant immune cells are closely related to key genes.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)but its full correlation with COVID-19 infection remains unknown.AIM To identify acute pancreatitis’occurrence,clinical presentation and outcomes in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients with acute COVID-19.METHODS A retrospective observational single-centre cohort study from a transplant centre in Croatia for all adult renal transplant recipients with a functioning kidney allograft between March 2020 and August 2022 to record cases of acute pancreatitis during acute COVID-19.Data were obtained from hospital electronic medical records.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection was proven by a positive SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction on the nasopharyngeal swab.RESULTS Four hundred and eight out of 1432(28.49%)patients who received a renal allograft developed COVID-19 disease.The analyzed cohort included 321 patients(57%males).One hundred and fifty patients(46.7%)received at least one dose of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine before the infection.One hundred twenty-five(39.1%)patients required hospitalization,141(44.1%)developed pneumonia and four patients(1.3%)required mechanical ventilation.Treatment included immunosuppression modification in 233 patients(77.1%)and remdesivir in 53 patients(16.6%),besides the other supportive measures.In the study cohort,only one transplant recipient(0.3%)developed acute pancreatitis during acute COVID-19,presenting with abdominal pain and significantly elevated pancreatic enzymes.She survived without complications with a stable kidney allograft function.CONCLUSION Although rare,acute pancreatitis may complicate the course of acute COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients.The mechanism of injury to the pancreas and its correlation with the severity of the COVID-19 infection in kidney transplant recipients warrants further research.
文摘目的评价抗CD25单克隆抗体对肾移植受者术后早期CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25 high Treg)的影响。方法2007年2-9月接受初次亲属活体供肾移植的受者41例,根据是否使用抗CD25单克隆抗体(商品名daclizumab)分为抗体组(21例)和对照组(20例)。其中抗体组在肾移植术前2h及术后第14天分别给予抗CD25单抗各50mg。在移植前及移植后第13、17、60天分别留取肝素抗凝外周血15ml。应用流式细胞仪测定两组受者外周血CD4+T细胞和CD4+CD25 high Treg比例的变化,半定量RT-PCR检测CD25 mRNA的表达变化。结果肾移植术后13、17、60d抗体组的CD25+T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例(20%±8%、13%±7%、24%±9%)低于对照组(45%±6%、41%±5%、40%±6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗体组术后第17天CD4+CD25 high Treg占CD4+T细胞的比例为4.40%±0.26%,明显低于对照组(8.56%±0.36%,P<0.01);而术后13、60d抗体组CD4+CD25 high Treg所占比例分别为7.00%±0.47%、3.75%±0.19%,与对照组(分别为8.04%±0.32%、3.66%±0.31%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗体组CD25 mRNA相对表达水平在给予第二次抗体前(术后第13天)为1.65±0.22,术后第17天为1.84±0.27,两者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组术后第17天CD25 mRNA相对表达水平为1.70±0.23,与抗体组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两剂共100mg抗CD25单抗仅一过性地降低CD4+CD25 high Treg,不会影响其活化扩增,无损于术后早期的免疫耐受诱导及维持。
