The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several ...The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several reaction mechanisms have been proposed, the detailed steps are still ambiguous, and the limiting factors are not well defined. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms of carbon dioxide photoreduction, a multiphysics model was developed using COMSOL. The novelty of this work is the computational fluid dynamic model combined with the novel carbon dioxide photoreduction intrinsic reaction kinetic model, which was built based on three-steps, namely gas adsorption, surface reactions and desorption, while the ultraviolet light intensity distribution was simulated by the Gaussian distribution model and Beer-Lambert model. The carbon dioxide photoreduction process conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor under different carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressures was then modeled based on the intrinsic kinetic model. It was found that the simulation results for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen yield match the experiments in the concentration range of 10^(−4) mol·m^(–3) at the low carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressure. Finally, the factors of adsorption site concentration, adsorption equilibrium constant, ultraviolet light intensity and temperature were evaluated.展开更多
针对旋流式催化裂化进料喷嘴进行了实验研究和数值模拟。实验中测量了不同工况下的雾化粒径和喷嘴的雾化角，同时验证了各段的压降分配方案。通过VOF（ volume of fluid）方法对喷嘴气液两相流的流动过程进行了数值模拟，描述了喷嘴中...针对旋流式催化裂化进料喷嘴进行了实验研究和数值模拟。实验中测量了不同工况下的雾化粒径和喷嘴的雾化角，同时验证了各段的压降分配方案。通过VOF（ volume of fluid）方法对喷嘴气液两相流的流动过程进行了数值模拟，描述了喷嘴中两相流的填充过程，得到了喷嘴的压力、速度分布和雾化角，并与实验结果进行了比较，二者吻合较好。对上述结果分析后表明，该型旋流式喷嘴雾化粒径在5360μm，雾化角随气液比或流量的增大而有所增加，采用内外嵌套式旋流器可使射流厚度较为均匀。展开更多
为了改善柴油机D6114喷油嘴291 DLLA150 FC PV01内部燃油流动状况,使喷入气缸内的燃油达到较好的雾化质量,在原有喷嘴基础上,针对喷嘴结构参数长径比、喷嘴入口过渡圆角及喷孔锥角设计了9种方案。在CFD(计算流体动力学)软件中建立了喷...为了改善柴油机D6114喷油嘴291 DLLA150 FC PV01内部燃油流动状况,使喷入气缸内的燃油达到较好的雾化质量,在原有喷嘴基础上,针对喷嘴结构参数长径比、喷嘴入口过渡圆角及喷孔锥角设计了9种方案。在CFD(计算流体动力学)软件中建立了喷嘴内部流场的三维模型,对整个流场区域进行了流体动力学模拟计算。分析了喷嘴结构参数对喷孔内部空化程度、湍动能及流速的影响,得出:随着长径比(L/D)的减小,燃油在喷孔中的空化程度增强,湍动能减小,流速增加;随着过渡圆角与直径比(r/D)的增大,喷孔内部流体空化程度增强,流速增大,湍动能减弱;随着喷孔锥角(θ)的增大,喷孔内燃油空化程度加强,湍动能减弱。展开更多
基金financial support provided by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(Grant No.EP/K021796/1)the Research Centre for Carbon Solutions and the James Watt Scholarship Programme at Heriot-Watt University。
文摘The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several reaction mechanisms have been proposed, the detailed steps are still ambiguous, and the limiting factors are not well defined. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms of carbon dioxide photoreduction, a multiphysics model was developed using COMSOL. The novelty of this work is the computational fluid dynamic model combined with the novel carbon dioxide photoreduction intrinsic reaction kinetic model, which was built based on three-steps, namely gas adsorption, surface reactions and desorption, while the ultraviolet light intensity distribution was simulated by the Gaussian distribution model and Beer-Lambert model. The carbon dioxide photoreduction process conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor under different carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressures was then modeled based on the intrinsic kinetic model. It was found that the simulation results for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen yield match the experiments in the concentration range of 10^(−4) mol·m^(–3) at the low carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressure. Finally, the factors of adsorption site concentration, adsorption equilibrium constant, ultraviolet light intensity and temperature were evaluated.
文摘针对旋流式催化裂化进料喷嘴进行了实验研究和数值模拟。实验中测量了不同工况下的雾化粒径和喷嘴的雾化角，同时验证了各段的压降分配方案。通过VOF（ volume of fluid）方法对喷嘴气液两相流的流动过程进行了数值模拟，描述了喷嘴中两相流的填充过程，得到了喷嘴的压力、速度分布和雾化角，并与实验结果进行了比较，二者吻合较好。对上述结果分析后表明，该型旋流式喷嘴雾化粒径在5360μm，雾化角随气液比或流量的增大而有所增加，采用内外嵌套式旋流器可使射流厚度较为均匀。
文摘为了改善柴油机D6114喷油嘴291 DLLA150 FC PV01内部燃油流动状况,使喷入气缸内的燃油达到较好的雾化质量,在原有喷嘴基础上,针对喷嘴结构参数长径比、喷嘴入口过渡圆角及喷孔锥角设计了9种方案。在CFD(计算流体动力学)软件中建立了喷嘴内部流场的三维模型,对整个流场区域进行了流体动力学模拟计算。分析了喷嘴结构参数对喷孔内部空化程度、湍动能及流速的影响,得出:随着长径比(L/D)的减小,燃油在喷孔中的空化程度增强,湍动能减小,流速增加;随着过渡圆角与直径比(r/D)的增大,喷孔内部流体空化程度增强,流速增大,湍动能减弱;随着喷孔锥角(θ)的增大,喷孔内燃油空化程度加强,湍动能减弱。
