基于King达标理论的培训方案对临床护士叙事能力及人文关怀能力的影响

目的:探讨基于King达标理论构建临床护士叙事护理培训方案对临床护士叙事护理能力、人文关怀能力及共情能力的影响。方法:2023年3月—5月选取淄博市某三级甲等医院138名护士,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组。对照组实施常规叙事护理培训,试验组在对照组的基础上实施基于King达标理论指导下的叙事护理方案。采用医学叙事能力量表(NCS)、关怀能力评价量表(CAI)、杰弗逊共情量表(JSE-HP)进行效果评价。结果:干预后,试验组护士NCS、CAI及JSE-HP得分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于King达标理论构建的临床护士叙事培训方案可有效提高临床护士叙事护理能力、促进人文关怀能力并提升护士共情能力。

基于King达标理论的心肺康复训练对高血压合并冠心病患者心肺适能及血压的影响

目的 探讨基于King达标理论的心肺康复训练对高血压合并冠心病患者心肺适能及血压的影响。方法 采用随机数字表法将84例高血压合并冠心病患者分为对照组(n=42)和试验组(n=42)。对照组采用常规康复治疗,试验组在常规康复治疗基础上加入心肺康复训练,两组均持续12周。干预后,比较两组干预前后心功能(LVEF、FS、BNP、VO2max、AT、METS)、肺功能(FVC、FEV1/FVC)、血压及运动自我效能的变化。结果 与干预前比较,干预12周后,两组LVEF、FS、VO2max、AT、METS、FVC、FEV1/FVC水平及运动自我效能感得分较干预前升高,且试验组升高幅度均大于对照组(均P<0.001);两组血浆BNP、收缩压、舒张压水平均降低,且试验组降低幅度大于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论 基于King达标理论的心肺康复训练能够显著提高高血压合并冠心病患者的心肺功能,降低患者血压,增强机体运动功能,促进心血管疾病康复。

基于King互动达标理论在产科护士分层培训与教育中的应用及效果研究

目的 研究基于King互动达标理论在产科护士分层培训与教育中的应用及效果。方法 选取2021年1—12月本院正式在岗并在产科病区工作满1年及以上的N0-N4级护理人员64名为本次研究对象。依据随机化分组方法分成试验组和对照组,每组32名。试验组中的32名护理人员以King互动达标理论为基础的培训内容、并在317护APP平台接受培训。对照组中的32名护理人员接受教师讲解与示范操作式的传统护士分层与教育方式。对比两组的培训成绩、自主学习能力、注册护士核心能力。结果 教学后,试验组的培训成绩要高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的自主学习能力明显优于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的注册护士核心能力明显强于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 基于King互动达标理论在产科护士分层培训与教育中的有效应用,可以在很大程度上强化护士的学习主观能动性,使不同层次的护士可以在培训与教育中收获更多理论知识与实践技能,提高培训成绩,强化学习能力与注册护士核心能力,增加晋升机会,减轻压力,增强职业归属感。

Strengthening the Disciplinary Construction of History of Medicine: A Call for Action by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Recent years have witnessed a dynamic develop of Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),which was founded in 1921,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS),which was founded in 1956.In the new era of building a"Healthy China",General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the importance of a profound understanding of the Chinese civilization to let the world better know and understand China,and urged efforts to combine theories and practices to expound how to better uphold the Chinese path,promote the Chinese spirit,and pool together the Chinese strength[1].As an active response,PUMC organized the first Conference of History of Medicine on May 20-21,2023[2],Based on the rich history of PUMC and with an attempt to explore history,inherit the traditional Chinese culture,and promote the spirit of modern medicine,we issued the following call at the conference。

King达标理论在慢性病家庭护理中应用的范围综述

目的 系统整合King达标理论在慢性病家庭护理中应用的相关研究,了解其目前的应用特征,分析其在家庭护理中的作用及不足,以期为今后相关研究的实施和推广提供参考。方法 采用范围综述的研究方法,系统检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普以及中国生物医学文献数据库中有关King达标理论在慢性病家庭护理中应用的研究,检索时限均为建库至2024年2月2日,对最终纳入的文献进行数据提取、收集、总结并报告研究结果。结果 共纳入20项研究,从研究目的、研究对象、研究设计及结局指标等进行整理分析。结论 基于King达标理论的慢性病家庭护理方案具有积极的应用效果,但当前仍存在一些不足。未来研究应明确理论内涵,立足我国本土文化特征,朝研究方法多样化、应用形式多元化的方向发展,构建科学严谨的慢性病家庭护理干预方案及评价体系,进而形成符合我国国情的慢性病家庭护理模式。

Cultivation of Core Competencies of History in Middle Schools:Taking the Lesson of Primitive Farming Life as an Example

The cultivation of history teaching in middle schools involves many aspects and multi-level teaching factors such as classroom teaching objectives,teaching methods and teaching means.Taking the Lesson of Primitive Farming Life in the seventh grade volume 1 of People’s Education Press as an example,this paper discussed the cultivation of core competencies of history in middle schools,to improve the implementation process of history courses and promote the cultivation of students’discipline competencies.

Sexual function history taking in medicine

Sexual history taking is important for the proper diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunction.It is often neglected in a clinical setting and it is also underre-ported by patients due to stigma and hesitation.Here we have described how we should take sexual function history taking during any sexual dysfunction.

Editorial Commentary:The History of Controlling and Treating Infectious Diseases in Ancient China

I recently read the article by LIU et all entitled The History of Controlling and Treating Infectious Diseases in Ancient China with great interest.The paper comprehensively summarizes ancient Chinese approaches to combat epidemics,elucidating them through the lens of three key elements of infectious diseases.Summarizing thousands of years of records detailing major infectious disease occurrences across various dynasties is no small feat.

基于King达标理论风险管理对胃溃疡合并胃出血患者的并发症及生活质量影响

目的 探讨基于King达标理论风险管理对胃溃疡合并胃出血患者的并发症及生活质量的影响。方法 选取2022年4月至2023年4月我院收治的80例胃溃疡合并胃出血患者,按随机数字表法将患者分为对照组、研究组,各40例,研究组采用基于King达标理论风险管理,对照组予以常规护理。对比两组患者护理前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分改善情况及并发症发生率。结果 护理后,研究组胃溃疡合并胃出血患者SAS、SDS等不良心理评分低于对照组(P <0.05),生活质量评分高于对照组(P <0.05),研究组并发症发生率低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 基于King达标理论风险管理能有效降低胃溃疡合并胃出血患者的并发症发生率,提高生活质量,改善患者不良心理。

基于King达标理论的综合护理干预在肺癌患者中的应用

目的 探究基于King达标理论的综合护理干预在肺癌中的应用价值。方法 选取100例围术期肺癌患者,按随机抽签法分为King组(n=50)和对照组(n=50)。对照组采取常规护理干预,King组在对照组基础上采取基于King达标理论的综合护理干预,2组均干预3个月。比较2组患者干预前后肺功能[最大通气量(MVV)、肺活量(VC)、用力肺活量(FVC)]及遵医行为(包括遵医用药、健康饮食、配合检查和适量活动4个方面)、自我护理能力测量量表(ESCA)、一般自我效能感表(GSES)、中文版自我超越量表(CSTS)和生活能力[Barthel指数(BI)]评分。结果 干预后King组患者MVV、VC和FVC水平均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);干预后King组患者遵医行为4个方面评分、GSES、CSTS、ESCA和BI评分均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001)。结论基于King达标理论的综合护理干预应用于围术期肺癌患者中,能显著增强患者肺功能,改善患者遵医行为,提高患者自我管理能力和生活能力。

Making History Heard in Awakening Cultural Relics——An Experience in the Renewed Tibet Museum

The cultural relicspreserved in the renewed Tibet Museum(almost2,000[sets of]cultural relics and innumerable images,photos,and video works,the history ofwhich spans ten millennia)are now brought to light before visitors,showing them the advancement and evolution of Xizangfrom prehistoric times to themodern era.

Correlation of personality with individual reproductive success in shrub-nesting birds depends on their life history style

Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.

King达标理论下分阶段康复运动对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者运动行为的影响研究

目的探讨King达标理论下分阶段康复运动对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者运动行为的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取2021年8月~2023年8月在本院进行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术患者72例,信封法对研究人员进行分组隐匿,依据对应随机数字将患者分配至对照组(n=36)和观察组(n=36)。对照组采用常规康复护理,观察组采用King达标理论下分阶段康复运动。统计两组体力活动、运动依从性、有氧运动能力。结果干预前两组IPAQ评分比较差异不显著(P>0.05),干预6周后、12周后,观察组IPAQ评分高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组运动依从性94.44%高于对照组(P<0.05),干预前两组有氧运动能力比较差异不显著(P>0.05),干预6周后、12周后,观察组VO2AT、VO2peak均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论King达标理论下分阶段康复运动可作为一种有效的康复护理干预手段,有助于改善经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者的运动行为。

Across two phylogeographic breaks: Quaternary evolutionary history of a mountain aspen (Populus rotundifolia) in the Hengduan Mountains

Biogeographical barriers to gene flow are central to plant phylogeography.In East Asia,plant distribution is greatly influenced by two phylogeographic breaks,the Mekong-Salween Divide and Tanaka-Kaiyong Line,however,few studies have investigated how these barriers affect the genetic diversity of species that are distributed across both.Here we used 14 microsatellite loci and four chloroplast DNA fragments to examine genetic diversity and distribution patterns of 49 populations of Populus rotundifolia,a species that spans both the Mekong-Salween Divide and the Tanaka-Kaiyong Line in southwestern China.Demographic and migration hypotheses were tested using coalescent-based approaches.Limited historical gene flow was observed between the western and eastern groups of P.rotundifolia,but substantial flow occurred across both the Mekong-Salween Divide and Tanaka-Kaiyong Line,manifesting in clear admixture and high genetic diversity in the central group.Wind-borne pollen and seeds may have facilitated the dispersal of P.rotundifolia following prevalent northwest winds in the spring.We also found that the Hengduan Mountains,where multiple genetic barriers were detected,acted on the whole as a barrier between the western and eastern groups of P.rotundifolia.Ecological niche modeling suggested that P.rotundifolia has undergone range expansion since the last glacial maximum,and demographic reconstruction indicated an earlier population expansion around 600 Ka.The phylogeographic pattern of P.rotundifolia reflects the interplay of biological traits,wind patterns,barriers,niche differentiation,and Quaternary climate history.This study emphasizes the need for multiple lines of evidence in understanding the Quaternary evolution of plants in topographically complex areas.

基于King达标理论的心理护理结合循证理论功能锻炼在强直性脊柱炎延续性护理中的应用价值

目的探讨基于King达标理论的心理护理结合循证理论功能锻炼在强直性脊柱炎延续性护理中的应用价值。方法选取2021年5月至2022年5月收治的126例强直性脊柱炎患者,根据护理方式不同将其分为对照组和观察组,各63例。对照组采用常规延续性护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于King达标理论的心理护理结合循证理论功能锻炼。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的指地距、枕墙距小于对照组,胸廓活动度大于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的Bath强直性脊柱炎疾病活动性指数(BASDAI)、Bath强直性脊柱炎计量指数(BASMI)及Bath强直性脊柱炎功能性指数(BASFI)评分均低于对照组,坚韧、自强及乐观评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的功能锻炼依从性优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于King达标理论的心理护理结合循证理论功能锻炼用于强直性脊柱炎延续性护理中可促进患者脊柱功能改善,提高心理弹性,也能促进功能锻炼依从性提升。

Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology of Granite from the Xiazhuang Uranium Ore Field,South China:Implications for Exhumation History and Ore Preservation

Xiazhuang uranium ore field,located in the southern part of the Nanling Metallogenic Belt,is considered one of the largest granite-related U regions in South China.In this paper,we contribute new apatite fission track data and thermal history modeling to constrain the exhumation history and evaluate preservation potential of the Xiazhuang Uranium ore field.Nine Triassic outcrop granite samples collected from different locations of Xiazhuang Uranium ore field yield AFT ages ranging from 43 to 24 Ma with similar mean confined fission track lengths ranging from 11.8±2.0 to 12.9±1.9μm and Dpar values between 1.01 and 1.51μm.The robustness time-temperature reconstructions of samples from the hanging wall of Huangpi fault show that the Xiazhuang Uranium ore field experienced a time of monotonous and slow cooling starting from middle Paleocene to middle Miocene(~60-10 Ma),followed by relatively rapid exhumation in the late Miocene(~10-5 Ma)and nearly thermal stability in the Pliocene-Quaternary(~5-0 Ma).The amount of exhumation after U mineralization since the Middle Paleogene was estimated as~4.3±1.8 km according to the integrated thermal history model.Previous studies indicate that the ore-forming ages of U deposits in the Xiazhuang ore field are mainly before Middle Paleocene and the mineralization depths are more than 4.4±1.2 km.Therefore,the exhumation history since middle Paleocene plays important roles in the preservation of the Xiazhuang Uranium ore field.

The Many Facets of History:A Study on the Accounts of the Dunkirk Evacuation

This paper adopts a New Historicism approach to examine the shaping of the history of the Dunkirk evacuation through an analysis of Winston Churchill’s historic speech We Shall Fight on the Beaches,Ian McEwan’s novel Atonement,and Christopher Nolan’s film Dunkirk.The research reveals that by uncovering and representing the neglected stories of marginalized groups in Atonement and Dunkirk,new evidentiary threads both enrich and contest the History embodied in Churchill’s speech.Consequently,these alternative accounts both challenge and complement the prevailing historical discourse.

Genetic analyses of ancient tea trees provide insights into the breeding history and dissemination of Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)

Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)is an important tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,China.Despite its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and domestication/breeding history remain unclear.To address this issue,we genotyped 469 ancient tea plant trees representing 26 C.sinensis var.assamica populations,plus two of its wild relatives(six and three populations of C.taliensis and C.crassicolumna,respectively)using 16 nuclear microsatellite loci.Results showed that Chinese Assam tea has a relatively high,but comparatively lower gene diversity(H_(S)=0.638)than the wild relative C.crassicolumna(H_S=0.658).Clustering in STRUCTURE indicated that Chinese Assam tea and its two wild relatives formed distinct genetic groups,with considerable interspecific introgression.The Chinese Assam tea accessions clustered into three gene pools,corresponding well with their geographic distribution.However,New Hybrids analysis indicated that 68.48%of ancient Chinese Assam tea plants from Xishuangbanna were genetic intermediates between the Puer and Lincang gene pools.In addition,10%of the ancient Chinese Assam tea individuals were found to be hybrids between Chinese Assam tea and C.taliensis.Our results suggest that Chinese Assam tea was domesticated separately in three gene pools(Puer,Lincang and Xishuangbanna)in the Mekong River valley and that the hybrids were subsequently selected during the domestication process.Although the domestication history of Chinese Assam tea in southwestern Yunnan remains complex,our results will help to identify valuable genetic resources that may be useful in future tea breeding programs.

Research on Improving Artistry of Exhibitions in History Museums in China

Chinese civilization,with its long and continuous history and rich cultural heritage,plays a central role in China’s dialogue with other civilizations.Therefore,it is necessary to collect and refine the defining symbols and best elements of Chinese culture and showcase them to the world;develop discourse and narrative systems with Chinese characteristics,better tell China’s stories,and make China’s voice heard.This effort can help Chinese civilization shine globally,interact with other civilizations,and promote its communication and influence worldwide.In China,history museums,as physical carriers of Chinese civilization,are an important component in developing Chinese discourse and narrative systems and an important channel to better tell China’s stories and make China’s voice heard.Improving the artistry of museum exhibitions caters to the public’s growing demand for a more enriching cultural experience and substantially promotes Chinese culture on a global scale.With the communication of Chinese civilization as the main focal point,this study investigated the current issues related to the artistry of history museum exhibitions in China and defined the artistry of history museum exhibitions and their connotations.Based on an in-depth analysis of the artistry of historical museum exhibitions within China,this paper enumerated the areas where improvements could be made to enhance exhibition artistry,intending to promote the communication of Chinese civilization.

The Book Publishing and Analysis of Modern Peking University Library

The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predecessor.It is pointed out that the majority of the book printing methods published by the modern Peking University Library are lead printing,and among the types of Chinese library classification,catalogue of library collections is the most common.