Evaluation of the Effect of Chemotherapeutic Drug Training on Mobile Terminal for Neuro-Oncology Nurses Based on Kirkpatrick’s Model

Background: Since there has been training, there has been discussion about the effect of training. But training evaluation is not systematic until Kirkpatrick came up with the training evaluation model in 1959. At present, the prevailing model in the systematic summary of training evaluation is still The Kirkpatrick’s model. This model was further improved in 1994, more responsive to contemporary needs, and thus widely used all over the world. At the beginning, it was widely used in human resource management of enterprises. In recent years, this model has been gradually used in the medical field to evaluate the effect of medical training. The Kirkpatrick’s model has a systematic, integrated and persuasive evaluation system for trainees. It has good effects in the pre-service nurse training, the professional image and code of conduct nurses training, and the geriatric nurse training. At present, there are few studies on the chemotherapeutic drug training of neurologist nurses in China. In clinical work, nurses’ cognitive and practical behaviors of chemotherapeutic drug protection and drug extravasation prevention and treatment are insufficient. It directly harms the health of nursing staff and increases the complications of chemotherapy, increases pain of tumor patients, delays or interrupts chemotherapy, and aggravates the economic burden of patients. Especially, Chemotherapeutic drugs for neuro-oncology have particularity and necessity of urgent training. Objective: To investigate the effect of chemotherapeutic drug training through mobile terminal for neuro-oncology nurses based on the Kirkpatrick’s model. Methods: The training content and evaluation questionnaire for chemotherapeutic drugs were designed by nursing management personnel and senior nurses in our department according to the guidelines and common diseases requiring chemotherapy in the department. The content includes the basic knowledge of neuro-oncology chemotherapy, pharmacological knowledge, toxic and side effect of chemotherapy, etc., which are regularly pushed through the mobile terminal-WeChat. Forty nurses participated in the training and the effect is evaluated by Kirkpatrick’s model. Result: After the training, 100% of nurses were satisfied with the training content and 97.5% with the training form. The scores of nurses in learning level such as basic pharmacological knowledge, drug configuration and exposure, drug treatment and infusion, observation of toxic and side effects, and treatment of drug extravasation were significantly higher than those before the training (P < 0.01). The scores of nurses in the behavior level such as drug allocation, health education, toxic and side effect observation and prediction, treatment of exosmosis, occupational protection were significantly higher than those before the training. After the training, the satisfaction of managers, chemotherapy physicians and chemotherapy patients on the behavior of nurses was significantly higher than that before the training (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The chemotherapeutic drug training through mobile terminal based on Kirkpatrick’s model can improve the ability of neuro-oncology nurses, so as to improve the satisfaction of physicians and patients.

Exploring Taiwan’s China Landscape Painting Aesthetic Preferences Through Evaluation Grid Method and the Continuous Fuzzy Kano Model

The primary objective of this study is to apply the Evaluation Grid Method(EGM)and the continuous fuzzy Kano quality model to explore the cognitive preferences of Taiwan China residents regarding the beauty of Taiwan’s China landscape paintings.The aim is to contribute to the development of social and cultural art and promote the widespread appeal of art products.Through a literature review,consultations with aesthetic experts,and the application of Miryoku Engineering’s EGM,this paper consolidates the factors that contribute to the attractiveness of painting art products among Taiwan China residents,taking into account various aesthetic qualities.Simultaneously,the paper introduces the use of the triangular fuzzy golden ratio scale semantics,specifically the equal-ratio aesthetic scale semantics,as a replacement for the traditional subjective consciousness model.Departing from the traditional discrete Kano model that employs the mode as the standard for evaluating quality,this study applies triangular fuzzy numbers to the continuous Kano quality model to analyze the diverse preferences and evaluation standards of the public.The hope is that this research methodology will not only deepen Taiwan China residents’understanding and aesthetic literacy of painting art but also serve as a reference for the popularization of art products.

Research on China's Aquaculture Efficiency Evaluation and Influencing Factors with Undesirable Outputs

Taking the aquaculture area, the number of farming boats and that of aquaculturist as input variables, the aquaculture production as desirable output variable and polluted economic loss as undesirable output variable, this paper conducts SBM model to evaluate the aquaculture efficiency based on the data of 16 aquaculture-developed provinces in China from 2004 to 2011. The results show the efficiency in China has not changed much in recent years with the efficiency values mainly between 0.39 and 0.53, and the efficiency of marine-aquaculture-dominated provinces is generally higher than that of freshwater-aquaculture-dominated ones. To analyze the difference under the efficiency, the panel Tobit model is used with education level factor, training factor, technology extension factor, technical level factor, scale factor and species factor as the efficiency influencing factors. The results show that technology extension factor and technical level factor have significant positive influence.

Cultivating global health professionals: evaluation of a training course to develop international consulting service competence in China

Background:China’s accelerating development and increasingly important role in global health engagement create a great demand for global health professionals including international consulting experts.This study reported the detailed development and evaluation of an international consulting training for global health workforce.Methods:Based on Kirkpatrick’s model,a mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training.Quantitative and qualitative data on participants’reaction,learning,and application of the learned knowledge and skills were collected by a training evaluation survey at the ending of training and a follow-up interview in three months after the training.Results:Thirty-six participants attended the training and 34 of them completed quantitative investigation.The training satisfaction evaluations were positive,for which participants rated the training program highly and over 90%of them agreed with the usefulness of the training.About knowledge and skills change,participants showed improved consulting knowledge and skills from pre-to post-training(P<0.001).A total of 23 participants accepted follow-up interview,and most participants applied knowledge and skills learned from the training in their daily work or study.However,only 30.4%of participants applied their learning in the consulting program.The largest barrier of application was the lack of consulting opportunities.In addition,almost all the participants reported that they would be glad to attend more training courses in the future.Conclusion:The international consulting training program was well-received,and was feasible to improve the consulting service competence of global health professionals.According to participants’feedback,it is essential to develop and expand consulting training in the field of global health.

Construction and application of standardized training effect evaluation system for new nurses in operating room

Background:This study aims to develop and validate a Structured Training Effectiveness Evaluation(STEE)tool based on the Kirkpatrick model for newly graduated registered nurses in the operating room in China.Methods:The first phase will involve focus group and individual interviews with nursing educators and newly graduated registered nurses selected using purposive sampling.The data will be analyzed thematically to identify key components necessary to develop the STEE tool.The second phase will develop and validate the STEE tool through a panel of experts using the Delphi method.The item weights will be determined with the analytic hierarchy process technique.The third phase will involve implementation and evaluation of the STEE tool with an exploratory,nonexperimental,and comparative analysis.Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses will be performed with SPSS version 23.Results:The STEE tool for newly graduated registered nurses in the operating room will be useful for evaluating training effectiveness during standardized training.The results obtained with this tool will clarify the effectiveness of training,thereby helping transform nursing students into competent nurses.Conclusion:In this way,this study will provide practical guidance for improving standardized training programs and help newly graduated nurses manage their transition to the clinical work environment and remain in their posts.

A data assimilation-based forecast model of outer radiation belt electron fluxes

Because radiation belt electrons can pose a potential threat to the safety of satellites orbiting in space,it is of great importance to develop a reliable model that can predict the highly dynamic variations in outer radiation belt electron fluxes.In the present study,we develop a forecast model of radiation belt electron fluxes based on the data assimilation method,in terms of Van Allen Probe measurements combined with three-dimensional radiation belt numerical simulations.Our forecast model can cover the entire outer radiation belt with a high temporal resolution(1 hour)and a spatial resolution of 0.25 L over a wide range of both electron energy(0.1-5.0 MeV)and pitch angle(5°-90°).On the basis of this model,we forecast hourly electron fluxes for the next 1,2,and 3 days during an intense geomagnetic storm and evaluate the corresponding prediction performance.Our model can reasonably predict the stormtime evolution of radiation belt electrons with high prediction efficiency(up to~0.8-1).The best prediction performance is found for~0.3-3 MeV electrons at L=~3.25-4.5,which extends to higher L and lower energies with increasing pitch angle.Our results demonstrate that the forecast model developed can be a powerful tool to predict the spatiotemporal changes in outer radiation belt electron fluxes,and the model has both scientific significance and practical implications.

User’s Relevance of PIR System Based on Cloud Models

A new method to evaluate fuzzily user＇s relevance on the basis of cloud models has been proposed. All factors of personalized information retrieval system are taken into account in this method. So using this method for personalized information retrieval （PIR） system can efficiently judge multi-value relevance, such as quite relevant, comparatively relevant, commonly relevant, basically relevant and completely non-relevant, and realize a kind of transform of qualitative concepts and quantity and improve accuracy of relevance judgements in PIR system. Experimental data showed that the method is practical and valid. Evaluation results are more accurate and approach to the fact better.

复合材料层压板S-N曲线模型的综述与评估

S-N模型是分析预测材料及其结构疲劳寿命的重要基础。本文对复合材料层压板的S-N曲线模型进行了全面综述,并将其归纳为基于数据拟合思想的经验模型和考虑损伤机理的半经验模型。研究发现,应力比是S-N模型需要考虑的关键载荷参数,而包含应力比的半经验模型较少、经验模型更为匮乏。拟定了模型评估五个基本标准,选取了两种材料体系、不同铺层结构层合板在不同应力比条件下的八组疲劳数据,对典型S-N模型的表征能力进行了分析评估。结果表明:Weibull模型、Wu模型和Epaarachchi模型在不同疲劳影响因素下均能表现出较强的拟合能力,整体拟合精度较高,而且Weibull模型和Wu模型具有拟合S-N曲线全区间的能力;Basquin模型虽然在理论和工程中经常使用,但预测精度通常并不理想;相较于不包含应力比的模型,包含应力比的模型其表征精度通常比较差,适用范围反而受限;同时,与半经验模型相比,经验模型通常满足边界条件,对不同形式S-N曲线的拟合优度更高,适应能力更强,且适用范围更广。

基于模糊数学理论改进B-S模型的专利质押融资价值评估

在专利质押的法规条款不断完善的背景下,越来越多的科技型企业选择以专利作为质押物获得银行融资,所以对专利进行合理估值是高新技术企业进行专利质押融资的重要前提。而针对专利资产在价值评估过程中存在的主观性、不确定性等方面的问题,本文通过模糊数学理论对B-S模型进行改进,并通过实际案例验证该模型对专利质押价值评估具有一定的可行性,最后在对模型潜在价值关键影响因素进行敏感性分析的基础上,确定了关键因素对专利潜在价值的影响方向并提出建议。

基于EVA-BS模型下电商企业价值评估

随着网络的快速发展,大多数人们都在网络中畅行,淘宝、京东、天猫等各大电商平台炙手可热,使得互联网与我国社会的发展息息相关。文章通过之前学者对互联网的研究,概括分析出互联网电商行业的特点以及发展的难点困点,总结出运用常用的评估方法对电商行业进行价值评估时的弊端,并提出运用EVA和B-S模型对企业进行价值评估,从而发现更好的企业价值评估方法来对电商行业进行评估,为投资者提出更加合理且正确的有关企业价值的建议。

CLUE-S模型在南京市土地利用变化研究中的应用

土地利用/覆盖变化模型是研究区域景观动态并解释其驱动机制的重要技术手段。应用CLUE-S模型,在LandsatTM影像等相关数据支持下,对南京地区1998—2006年土地利用的时空动态变化进行了研究。结果表明:各土地利用类型变化受地形因素影响最大,人均GDP与城镇用地和农业用地的分布呈显著相关,城乡主干道对土地利用变化的贡献显著大于省级及以上道路;海拔较高区域林地的发生比率较高,而地形低平区域农田、城建用地的发生比率较高。经检验,在300m空间分辨率水平,对南京地区2003年、2006年土地利用状况模拟的精度分别达到了85.7%和84.1%;而通过将研究区分成若干子区,分别修正模型参数并重新模拟,准确率提高到89.7%和88.3%,分区赋值法有效地提高了模拟精度。研究表明,CLUE-S模型对城市发展的空间结构也有较强的预测能力,对指导城市规划、分析景观动态的驱动机制有重要参考价值。

基于改进D-S证据理论的信任评估模型

针对已有的信任证据模型不能快速有效地处理分布式网络中存在的恶意攻击,且缺乏关于三元信任关系组的信任归一方法,提出了一种基于改进D-S证据理论的信任模型,在此基础上,提出了基于持续序列的基本可信度函数和基于评估函数的信任评估方法,使得模型能更快地抑制恶意节点,并且评估结果更贴近现实值。通过分析与仿真,验证了本模型具有抑制聚集信任攻击的有效性和健壮性,同时信任评估方法更具合理性和准确性。

基于T-S模糊神经网络的采空塌陷危险性判别

采空区地面塌陷的危险性判别受地质因素、采矿因素等多重因素的影响,各因素往往影响程度不同且部分因素之间又相互联系。为了能够较准确地对采空塌陷危险性进行评估,引入了T-S模糊神经网络模型。以北京西山地区采空塌陷为例,根据塌陷特点,分别选取了地质构造复杂程度、覆盖层类型、第四系覆盖层厚度、覆岩强度、煤层倾角、采深采厚比、采空区埋深、采空区空间叠置层数8项影响因素作为评价指标,并建立了分级标准。将单因素评价指标均匀线性插值作为训练样本,建立了T-S模糊神经网络判别模型。利用训练好的神经网络模型对选取的8处采空区进行评估,结果分别为:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ,结果与实际情况吻合。研究表明,利用T-S模糊神经网络研究采空塌陷危险性是可行的。

基于P-S-R模型的白银市土地生态安全评价

为了探究西北地区资源枯竭型城市的土地生态环境现状及其影响因素,以甘肃省白银市为例,运用P-S-R模型和层次分析法构建关于土地生态安全的评价指标体系,并结合熵权法和特尔斐法测算各指标权重,根据综合指数界定白银市土地生态的安全等级。结果表明:白银市土地生态安全指数呈现先下降后增长再下降又增长的"W"型变化趋势。2004—2006年,综合指数从0.574594下降到0.131562,安全等级从临界安全下降到不安全;2006—2010年,综合指数从0.131562上升到0.378097,安全等级从不安全上升到较不安全;2010—2011年,综合指数从0.378097下降到0.338470,安全等级一直处于较不安全;2011—2012年,综合指数从0.338470上升到0.416796,安全等级从较不安全上升到临界安全。整体看来,考察期内,白银市土地生态安全经历了由好到坏再逐渐变好的变化趋势,该结论为白银市制定改善土地生态安全的措施提供了理论依据。

基于P-S-R模型的河南省土地生态安全评价及预测

依据P-S-R框架模型构建土地生态安全评价指标体系,运用土地生态安全综合指数模型评价2002—2011年河南省土地生态安全状况,并运用灰色系统GM(1,1)模型预测其未来9a的土地生态安全态势。结果表明:2002—2011年河南省土地生态安全值在0.45上下波动,土地生态处于临界安全水平,2012—2020年呈下降趋势,表明土地生态系统结构发生变化,土地生态环境受到一定破坏,土地生态系统服务功能已开始退化,虽尚可维持其基本功能,但受干扰后易恶化,土地生态环境脆弱,制约了区域经济的发展。该研究可为改善区域生态环境及生态安全规划管理提供依据。

基于PSR模型的青海湖流域生态环境保护效果评价

由于受人类活动与自然环境变化等综合因素的影响,青海湖流域内生态环境的调节和自我恢复能力大幅下降,流域生态安全问题严重。本研究利用2002-2010年的MODIS NDVI产品、青海湖流域气象数据、流域社会数据构建了"压力-状态-响应(PSR)"模型,对青海湖流域生态环境保护效果进行评价研究。在此基础上,利用层次分析法分析了青海湖流域自然资源和社会资源数据,结果显示:1)2002-2008年,青海湖流域生态环境保护形势严峻,植被退化面积是植被恢复面积的2倍以上。2008-2010年,环境治理工程实施之后,恶化形势有所缓解,恶化面积减少至与植被恢复面积持平。2)实施治理工程之后,青海湖流域的生态环境有所好转,但是局部地区生态环境仍处于退化状态,甚至有恶化趋势。天峻县和共和县分别有3 415.36和2 324.57km2地区出现警戒状态,分别占当地陆地面积的25%和38%。较严重的是,海晏县有284.98km2地区的生态安全处于重度危险状态,占当地陆地面积的18%,剩余地区都处于轻度危险状态。根据青海湖流域生态环境安全指数评价研究,提出了减缓生态环境恶化的可行性措施和改进环境治理规划的建议。

基于P-S-R模型的郑州生态城市建设评价

基于P-S-R模型,以综合性、代表性、可比性和可操作性为原则,结合节能减排新形势下对经济发展的新要求,建立郑州市生态城市评价指标;采用变异系数法确定各指标权重,研究郑州市生态城市建设状况,为认识郑州市生态城市建设以及其他城市生态评价提供依据和借鉴。结果表明:2005—2010年间,郑州市生态城市建设状况改善明显,资源环境压力对系统压力的影响最大,生态环境状态的变化决定了系统状态波动,污染治理和经济潜力的变化是引起系统响应变化的主要原因。

基于云模型和D-S证据理论的尾矿库失稳溃坝警情评价模型及应用

为实现对尾矿库失稳溃坝警情状态的系统评价,并考虑影响因素之间的不确定性、随机性和模糊性问题,将云模型和D-S证据理论相结合,构建了基于云模型和D-S证据理论的尾矿库失稳溃坝警情评价模型,即利用云模型实现对区间型数据的统一建模处理,再采用D-S证据理论对不同证据进行融合处理,得到最终的评价结果。实例应用表明,该模型评价结果与实际情况相符,在处理不确定性信息融合问题上有效、合理。

S Zorb吸附剂活性评价模型及其应用

提出并定义了用于评价S Zorb吸附剂活性的参数——吸附剂活性指数以及潜活性指数。活性指数和潜活性指数将吸附剂的物相组成、装置操作参数、原料汽油的硫含量、产品汽油的硫含量有机地结合在一起。基于大量的工业数据,建立了吸附剂活性指数与装置脱硫能力的关联模型。利用该模型可以判断吸附剂的活性能否满足特定目标的脱硫需要,也可以根据脱硫的需要来推算吸附剂合理的活性指数。另外,根据吸附剂的活性指数和潜活性指数还可以计算装置运行过程中的新剂置换量并指导再生操作。该模型在中国石化济南分公司900kt/a S Zorb工业装置上应用并取得较好的应用效果。

基于SPR的焦作生态安全评价指标体系构建

构建符合研究地点实际生态环境状况的生态安全评价指标体系是科学、合理的进行评价的基础,也是政府进行有效管理的前提。构建了SPR概念模型,提出了基于该模型的城市生态安全指标体系的构建方法。该方法主要包括建立SPR概念模型、实地调研、环境问题及成因辨识、指标体系初建、问卷调查及指标筛选等5个基本步骤。所建的指标体系可反映研究区域的主要生态环境问题,以及这些问题的现状水平、产生诱因和调控力度。以焦作为例,描述了该方法的应用。结果为:经实地调研及问卷调查,率定出9个主要的环境问题及形成每个环境问题的2个主要成因;根据SPR模型,确定表征每个环境问题成因的状态层、压力层及响应层指标,共计74个;就合理性、数据可得性等设计问卷征求专家意见后,最终建立了包含43个指标的生态安全评价指标体系,为未来焦作市生态安全评价和调控奠定基础。