Accuracy of Ebola Information in a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW)

Background: Misinformation on interactive Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can influence Internet users’ health behaviors, especially during an infectious disease outbreak. Objective: The present study seeks to examine the accuracy and characteristics of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). Methods: A sample of 204 answers to Ebola questions were extracted and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosed, link, and word count) predicted accuracy. Results: Overall, only 27.0% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate”. Accuracy varied across question topics with between 11.8% - 45.5% of answers being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, the overall accuracy was substantially higher, with 80.0% of “best answers” being rated as accurate compared to 16.0% of all other answers. Conclusion: There is need for tools to help Internet users navigate health information posted on these dynamic user-generated knowledge exchange social websites.

Online Vaccine Information in a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW)

Background: The potential for misinformation on usercontrolled Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can actively influence Internet users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to childhood vaccinations. Objective: The present study examines the accuracy and predictors of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). Methods: A sample of 480 answers to childhood vaccination questions were retrieved and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosure, online link, word count, vaccine stance, and tone) predict accuracy. Results: Overall, only 56.2% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate.” Accuracy varied by topics with between 52.8% - 64.3% being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, only 49.2% rated as accurate compared to 57.7% of all other answers, a finding attributed to widespread nominations of vaccine misinformation as “best answers” for questions addressing the side effects of vaccines. For all other types of questions, “best answers” were more likely to be accurate. Regression modeling revealed that discussions of personal choices regarding childhood vaccinations predicted the accuracy of posted answers, with those who mentioned vaccinating their own children proving more likely to communicate accurate vaccine information, and those expressing vaccine hesitancy proving more likely to share factually inaccurate statements about vaccines. Conclusion: The high prevalence of misinformation on KESWs suggests that these websites may serve as a vector for spreading vaccine misperceptions. Further research is needed to assess the impact of various KESWs and to develop effective, coordinated responses by public health agencies.

Knowledge exchange:A strategy for open access success at The University of Hong Kong

The University of Hong Kong’s statement on vision now has three themes:1) Research, 2) teaching & learning, and 3) knowledge exchange(KE). KE emphasizes HKU’s desire to interact with its community for a mutual benefit. A new five-year strategic plan(2009-2014) sets out operational priorities and key indicators to enable knowledge exchange at HKU. Chief among these is the establishment of an exchange hub to make HKU researchers and their research products highly visible. The institutional repository of HKU, the HKU Scholars Hub, developed by its University Libraries, has become this KE exchange hub. Now the Hub includes HKU ResearcherPages, featuring the accomplishments of each HKU professoriate staff. HKU’s policy on knowledge exchange and the HKU ResearcherPages have increased the incentive for faculties, departments, and authors to place more items in open access(OA). This paper will discuss what KE is, the benefits it can bring to the university and its reputation, and how it can increase OA deposit.

格上无非交互式零知识证明的两轮三方PAKE协议

针对现有基于格的三方口令认证密钥交换(PAKE)协议通信轮次较多、执行效率较低等问题,提出一种格上无非交互式零知识证明的两轮三方PAKE协议。首先,利用非适应性近似平滑投影哈希函数实现密钥交换,在不使用非交互式零知识(NIZK)证明的前提下,降低协议的通信轮数;其次,利用哈希值和投影哈希值构造会话密钥,不需要使用随机预言机,避免了随机预言机导致的潜在口令猜测攻击。在标准模型下给出所提协议的形式化安全证明。仿真结果表明,与基于格的三方PAKE协议相比,所提协议的执行时间在客户端缩短了89.2%~98.6%,在服务器端缩短了19.0%~91.6%。验证了所提协议能够抵抗量子攻击,具有较高的执行效率,同时减少了协议通信轮数。

GCI:a Leading Advocate for Cultural Exchanges

On March 15 a year ago,the Chinese top leader proposed the Global Civilisation Initiative,emphasising the importance of common development and common prosperity for the world.Cultural exchanges,essentially,involve sharing by people from different countries and backgrounds,ideas,values,traditions and customs,and other knowledge about each other's countries.In our increasingly intertwined world,cultural exchanges help broaden our vision and enrich our perspective by exposing us to different traditions,values,beliefs.

IKE协议两种身份保护缺陷的改进

该文从身份保护的角度出发,对互联网密钥交换(IKE)协议主模式下数字签名认证方式和主模式下预共享密钥认证方式中存在的身份保护缺陷进行了分析,提出了新的修改建议。与其他文献只能保护单方身份的改进方法相比,该方法能够同时保护双方的身份,并不破坏ISAKMP框架及协议的对称性。

基于知识发布的网络社区用户行为规律研究--以Keep健康社区为例

[目的/意义]深化与丰富网络社区用户知识发布与交流机制相关的理论研究,旨在为网络社区知识服务的前沿发展注入新活力。[方法/过程]以前沿理论研究为基础,从社区用户主体因素和网络社区客体因素两个维度中提取五个要素,构建网络社区用户知识发布行为影响因素模型。借助SPSS软件对所获取到的Keep用户数据进行分析。[结果/结论]偏好运动强度越大、社会交互越多、社会影响力越大、锻炼经验更为丰富的Keep社区用户,其知识发布行为倾向更强烈。

International Mobility and Knowledge Exchange Between China and the West: A Study of Chinese Humanities and Social Sciences Scholars

Purpose:This study examines the impact of international academic mobility on knowledge exchange between China and the West,including its potential benefits and risks,specifically in the humanities and social sciences(HSS)fields.Design/Approach/Methods:This study employed qualitative research methods;specifically,data were collected through interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis.Findings:With increasing knowledge flows in global academia,Chinese HsS scholars are bene-fiting from international academic mobility.They engage in various activities,such as international visits,conferences,and research collaborations,and praise the role of mobility in building an understanding of Western culture and knowledge,including research dynamics,embodied and encultured knowledge,and location-specific textual materials.However,international mobility has inadvertently exacerbated global knowledge asymmetries,with some Chinese scholars uncrit-ically adopting Western paradigms.Nonetheless,pioneering Chinese HSS scholars aim to promote a two-way knowledge exchange between China and the West by fostering cultural reflexivity and enhancing their global visibility.Originality/Value:Chinese HsS scholars serve as an illuminating example in the context of glo-bal knowledge asymmetries dominated by the Anglo-American West.These findings have theor-etical and practical implications for fostering equitable and inclusive knowledge exchange between Western and non-Western societies through international academic mobility.

高等教育在地国际化:意涵阐释、全球案例与中国借鉴

高等教育国际化是教育对外开放的鲜明特征,以跨境流动为主的高等教育国际化模式面临危机,学界将更多关注在地国际化模式。在地国际化致力于培养全体学生的跨文化交流能力,提升高等教育机构的国际治理能力,通过增强机构的文化多样性,提供文化敏感的国际化课程,加强国家间的对话与共享。全球主要国家通过国家战略、机构策略、国际课程、学生融合等方面实施在地国际化。我国在地国际化实践进入了新的历史阶段,但仍面对挑战。我国高等教育国际化在“弯道超车”和“变道超车”的过程中,应取人才培养本位,促知识流动、引战略转型;增强“本土留学”服务能力;创建富有中国特色的国际化校园环境,重塑国际化课程模式和实践;实施文化敏感的教学,加强文化引领;以微证书项目促进在地国际化的“流动性”。

多平台视角下用户知识交流主题挖掘与画像分析——以ChatGPT话题为例

[目的/意义]基于多平台视角挖掘用户知识交流主题特征,构建用户画像标签体系,有助于全面理解用户利用差异化平台开展知识交流行为的规律偏好,为平台提供精确优化策略,为平台间生态建设提供参考依据。[方法/过程]采集大众社交平台、兴趣交流平台、垂直知识平台3类典型平台中ChatGPT话题相关的原创博文及用户数据,采用BERTopic模型凝练知识交流主题,结合多平台数据特点,从自然属性、社会属性、知识交流行为属性和知识交流主题属性4个维度抽出画像标签,通过K-means聚类实现用户画像,呈现群组特征并进行平台差异对比。[结果/结论]研究识别出了应用场景、行业进展、未来探讨、相关产业、咨询求助、热门话题、使用感受、风险监督8大知识交流方向及46个主题;根据属性特征将用户划分为专业贡献型、综合共享型、社交求知型和话题潜力型4类,平台间知识交流主题和用户画像存在显著差异,各平台应采取差异化的激励方式,增强平台用户黏性。

知识交流生态视角下的用户跨平台知识交流行为偏好研究

[目的/意义]从知识交流生态视角出发,探究基于视频资源的用户跨平台知识交流行为偏好规律,为用户利用多平台开展交互、实现高价值知识交流提供有效指导。[方法/过程]通过对齐在B站和微博上进行跨平台知识交流的用户,并获取他们在两个平台发布的全量视频内容7215条和同质化视频的330367条评论文本,基于知识生态系统框架,分别针对知识生产者和知识分解者进行内容发布和评论互动等跨平台知识交流偏好的探究。[结果/结论]知识生产者会在不同平台规律性地发布同质化视频以获得知识消费者更好的互动反馈,且根据平台定位和平台功能差异进行标题差异化展示;跨平台知识交流中,知识分解者的评论互动偏好与平台特性相关。[局限]仅选择B站和微博中高影响力知识生产者群体进行研究,后续研究中可对更为多元的知识交流平台以及更丰富的大众知识生产者行为规律进行拓展分析。

算法共谋主观联系标准构建:从主体依赖性迈向算法交互性

《平台经济领域的反垄断指南》分别引入美国与欧盟司法实践中的“信息交流说”与“知悉规则”,作为互联网共谋行为经营者主观联系的认定标准,从而将算法共谋问题推至我国反垄断法实践与理论的前台。学理上,算法共谋行为可分为信使型共谋、轴辐协议型共谋、可预测代理型共谋和电子眼型共谋。无论何种类型,反竞争共谋关系的形成都取决于经营者之间的相互依赖程度,而算法程序的广泛使用深刻改变了经营者之间的依赖关系。依据博弈论对依赖关系的解释,算法时代经营者之间的博弈关系由“人—人”依赖性转变为“人—机”控制关系下的算法交互关系。规范算法共谋行为的理论路径为,通过“人—机”控制关系与算法交互关系的结合来构建算法共谋中的经营者主观联系标准。

中国与东南亚古代科技交流研究的方法论探析

与其他区域的科技交流活动相比,中国与东南亚古代科技交流的特殊性在于交流主体民族成分的复杂性、文化圈的复合性和传播途径的迂回性,这客观上需要更多诉诸于民族学、人类学和考古学的研究方法。在文献资料有限的情况下,需要更多地求助于田野调查资料、科技分析和考古资料。相应地,观察、理解和描述研究对象的立场也要从现代科技观转向地方性知识观,在当地文化生态和历史流变中呈现古代科技交流的真实过程和图景。

基于DEA-SBM模型的学术社交网络用户交互效率研究

学术社交网络中的用户交互过程蕴含着知识的扩散、转化和创新。采用DEA-SBM模型对多学科领域学术社交网络用户交互效率展开对比分析,以期为效率提升提供针对性建议,并丰富学术社交网络情境下的知识交互理论研究。研究表明:不同学科领域用户的交互效率差异明显,总体来看各学科领域的用户交互效率偏低,规模效率与纯技术效率均存在一定改进空间。

在线视频社区知识交流效果比较测度研究——以哔哩哔哩网站的结构化评论功能为参照

从知识交流视角出发,围绕在线视频社区中的结构化评论功能,测量视频社区中的知识交流效果,为促进视频社区高质量知识交流提供有效参考。选取代表性在线视频社区哔哩哔哩,采集其中的视频、评论及行为数据,利用主题聚类、相关性分析等方法,测量结构化评论与一般评论在知识交流方面的效果,同时分析行为属性数据、视频文本数据及评论文本数据之间的关联关系。相较于一般评论,结构化评论的数量与视频播放量关联不大,更多取决于视频内容质量和用户的知识交流意愿。此外,结构化评论在提升知识交流深度方面具有优势,尤其对拥有特定观众群体的小众视频效果显著。因此,结构化评论功能具备增强在线视频社区知识交流的能力。

城市群高校空间集聚是否加快了人才中心、创新高地建设?

本研究结合2006—2021年“两横三纵”城市群的城际面板数据,在构建相关城市群高校空间集聚指标的基础上,对人才集群和创新汇聚效应进行实证检验和分析。研究发现,城市群高校空间集聚有利于释放人力资本投资的知识积累、溢出效应,提升高素质、高技能人才吸引力,由此推动人才中心的成型,并在此基础上激活科技创新动能,持续赋能,加快创新高地建设;在进行工具变量识别解决内生性问题后,结论仍然十分稳健;异质性分析和机制分析表明,城市群高校空间集聚对人才中心、创新高地建设的影响存在梯度格局,且城市群高校空间集聚有利于域内高校间的资源共享与人员的知识交流,促进人力资本的跨区域优化配置,进一步提升产学研协同度,推动区域创新水平的提高。为更好发挥城市群高校空间集聚效应对创新驱动发展战略的支撑作用,在高校分类发展的基础上,各级政府应建立统一开放的要素市场,探索跨区域人才流动的财政补偿机制,建立公共教育服务共享平台和科研创新协作网络,实现高等教育要素合理流动和资源优化配置。

数字资本视角下知识问答社区知识交流效果影响机制研究

目前知识问答社区繁荣发展,但也面临着用户流失、知识增长缓慢、知识质量难以保证的问题,并由此导致社区内的知识交流效果不佳。理解知识交流效果的影响机制能够帮助个体充分利用知识问答社区实现高质量知识交流,同时为知识问答社区提供持续发展的路径。为此,文章基于数字资本理论视角构建了组态分析理论模型,采用定性比较分析方法,探讨数字资本与社会资本、文化资本和经济资本的组合效应。结果表明,知识问答社区的知识交流效果与其前因条件之间存在因果复杂性:就感知贡献而言,社会资本和文化资本的组合是提升感知贡献的核心条件,但数字资本可弥补其中社会资本或文化资本的缺失;就感知学习而言,数字资本、社会资本和经济资本是提升感知学习的核心条件。

基于三元交互理论的虚拟学术社区知识交流效果评价研究

[目的/意义]虚拟学术社区知识交流效果评价有助于优化社区知识管理。[方法/过程]本文借鉴三元交互理论,以知识交流主体、客体和环境作为交流效果评价指标体系的一级指标。结合相关文献,自上而下构建相应的二、三级指标,通过专家评估确定评价指标体系,根据层次分析法确定各指标权重。最后,以小木虫为例进行验证。[结果/结论]分析表明,本文提出的知识交流评价体系具有一定的可行性与合理性,并提出虚拟学术社区知识交流质量提升的对策。

Towards a Climate Service for the Tea Industry:A Collaborative Approach between the UK and China

Tea is an important global commodity,with important tea-growing regions spanning across South America,Africa,and Asia,and burgeoning smaller-scale and artisanal tea production in the UK and Europe.In each of these regions,the quality and quantity of tea production,with their economic and social consequences,are highly sensitive to variations in the climate on both short-term weather,seasonal and climate change timescales.The provision of tailored climate information in a timely and accessible manner through the development,delivery and use of climate services can help tea-farmers and other relevant stakeholders better understand the impacts of climate variability and climate change on decision-making and a range of adaptive actions.This paper presents an overview of the Tea-CUP project(Co-developing Useful Predictions),a joint initiative between UK and Chinese partners,which aims to develop and implement solutions for improving robust decision-making.Co-production principles are core,ensuring that the resultant climate services are usable and useful;users'needs are met through close engagement and joint research and decision-making.The paper also reports on the exchange of knowledge and experiences,such as between tea growers in China and the UK,which has resulted from this collaborative work,fostering global knowledge sharing,enriching understanding,and driving innovation by integrating diverse perspectives and expertise from different countries.This is an unintended but valuable side-effect of the collaborative approach taken and highlights the benefits of a highly relational and multidisciplinary approach to climate services development that will inform future work in the field.

信息资源管理学科期刊知识交流效率测度及影响因素动态组态分析

[目的/意义]探究我国信息资源管理学科期刊知识交流效率分析及影响因素,对促进我国信息资源管理学科期刊的高质量发展具有重要意义。[方法/过程]本文基于2013—2021年信息资源管理学科20本CSS-CI来源期刊的载文及引文数据,运用全局超效率SBM模型测算知识交流效率,运用核密度估算和Markov链分析知识交流效率的演进趋势,从静态和动态的角度把握我国信息资源管理学科期刊的知识交流效率水平;使用基于面板数据的动态QCA方法,从时间效应和个体效应出发,探究知识交流效率影响因素组态效应的变化。[结果/结论]研究发现,我国信息资源管理学科期刊知识交流效率差距较大,存在典型的非均衡性,虽然知识交流效率水平逐渐提高,但绝对差异扩大,存在“马太效应”;知识交流效率影响因素存在明显的时间效应和个体效应,知识交流效率提升是多因素共同作用的结果,面对期刊的异质性,各期刊可结合自身情况实现因素联动,进一步推动我国信息资源管理学科期刊知识交流效率的提高。