Several organic acids accumulated in Kochia Scoparia shoots and roots were studied by means of reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with a C18 column. Five types of binary organic acids were separated....Several organic acids accumulated in Kochia Scoparia shoots and roots were studied by means of reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with a C18 column. Five types of binary organic acids were separated. The organic acid concentrations were determined in K. Scoparia seedlings stressed by saline （NaCI） and alkaline （NaHCO3） at the same Na^＋ concentration. Concentrations of organic acids are stimulated by alkaline because the cells will adjust their pH values through the accumulation of organic acids, when the environment is basic. The concentrations of oxalic acid and succinic acid are higher than those of other organic acids, including tartaric acid and malic acid, and the concentration of citric acid is the lowest. The concentrations of the organic acids in the roots are higher than those in the shoots under salt（NaCI） stress, but the results are opposite while the roots are under alkali （ NaHCO3 ） stress. This indicates that there are different adaptive strategies for K. Scopar/a seedlings in organic acid metabolism under salt and alkali stress.展开更多
Kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.), also known as tumbleweed, is an economically important annual C4 broadleaf weed found throughout the US Great Plains. Several herbicides with different modes of action are used in ...Kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.), also known as tumbleweed, is an economically important annual C4 broadleaf weed found throughout the US Great Plains. Several herbicides with different modes of action are used in the management of kochia. The effect of commonly used herbicides on the expression of their target site(s) and photosynthetic/chloroplastic genes is poorly understood in weed species, including kochia. The objective of this research was to characterize the expression profiles of herbicide target-site genes, KspsbA, KsALS, and KsEPSPS upon treatment with PSII- (e.g. atrazine), ALS- (e.g. chlorsulfuron), and EPSPS- (e.g. glyphosate)-inhibitors, respectively, in kochia. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis (e.g. KsRubisco, KsCAB, and KsPPDK) was also determined in response to these herbicide treatments. KspsbA was strongly upregulated (>200-fold) 24 h after atrazine treatment. Transcript levels of the KsALS or KsEPSPS genes were 7 and 3-fold higher 24 h after chlorsulfuron or glyphosate treatment, respectively. KsRubisco, a Calvin cycle gene important for CO2 fixation, was upregulated 7 and 2.6-fold 8 and 24 h after glyphosate and chlorsulfuron treatments, whereas it downregulated 8 and 24 h after atrazine treatment. The transcript levels of KsPPDK remained unchanged after glyphosate treatment but increased 1.8-fold and decreased 2-fold at 24 h after chlorsulfuron and atrazine treatments, respectively. KsCAB remained unchanged after chlorsulfuron treatment, but was downregulated after glyphosate and atrazine treatments. The results show that herbicide treatments not only affect the respective target-site gene expression, but also influence the genes involved in the critical photosynthetic pathway.展开更多
In order to examine the most appropriate collecting time, HPLC\|ELSD and colorimetric methods were respectively used to determine the content of momordin Ic and total saponins in \%Kochia scoparia \%(L.) Schrad. fruit...In order to examine the most appropriate collecting time, HPLC\|ELSD and colorimetric methods were respectively used to determine the content of momordin Ic and total saponins in \%Kochia scoparia \%(L.) Schrad. fruit at different collecting times. It was shown that the best collecting time was when fruit just matured.展开更多
【目的】通过响应面法优化超声辅助纤维素酶提取扫帚菜多糖的工艺,评价多糖的抗氧化活性。【方法】在单因素试验的基础上,以多糖提取率为响应值,选择酶用量、超声温度、超声时间和液料比进行Box-Behnken试验设计,研究了各工艺条件及其...【目的】通过响应面法优化超声辅助纤维素酶提取扫帚菜多糖的工艺,评价多糖的抗氧化活性。【方法】在单因素试验的基础上,以多糖提取率为响应值,选择酶用量、超声温度、超声时间和液料比进行Box-Behnken试验设计,研究了各工艺条件及其交互作用对扫帚菜多糖提取率的影响,得到了二次多项式回归方程模型,并以猪油的抗氧化性能来评价多糖的抗氧化活性。【结果】扫帚菜多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为:酶用量2.1%、超声温度51℃、超声时间20 min、液料比25 m L/g,该条件下扫帚菜多糖的提取率为65.93 mg/g,与理论预测值的相对误差为0.21%。扫帚菜多糖对猪油有一定的抗氧化能力。【结论】利用响应面法优化超声辅助纤维素酶提取扫帚菜多糖的工艺有效、可靠,扫帚菜多糖能有效提高猪油产品的货架期。展开更多
文摘Several organic acids accumulated in Kochia Scoparia shoots and roots were studied by means of reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with a C18 column. Five types of binary organic acids were separated. The organic acid concentrations were determined in K. Scoparia seedlings stressed by saline （NaCI） and alkaline （NaHCO3） at the same Na^＋ concentration. Concentrations of organic acids are stimulated by alkaline because the cells will adjust their pH values through the accumulation of organic acids, when the environment is basic. The concentrations of oxalic acid and succinic acid are higher than those of other organic acids, including tartaric acid and malic acid, and the concentration of citric acid is the lowest. The concentrations of the organic acids in the roots are higher than those in the shoots under salt（NaCI） stress, but the results are opposite while the roots are under alkali （ NaHCO3 ） stress. This indicates that there are different adaptive strategies for K. Scopar/a seedlings in organic acid metabolism under salt and alkali stress.
文摘Kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.), also known as tumbleweed, is an economically important annual C4 broadleaf weed found throughout the US Great Plains. Several herbicides with different modes of action are used in the management of kochia. The effect of commonly used herbicides on the expression of their target site(s) and photosynthetic/chloroplastic genes is poorly understood in weed species, including kochia. The objective of this research was to characterize the expression profiles of herbicide target-site genes, KspsbA, KsALS, and KsEPSPS upon treatment with PSII- (e.g. atrazine), ALS- (e.g. chlorsulfuron), and EPSPS- (e.g. glyphosate)-inhibitors, respectively, in kochia. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis (e.g. KsRubisco, KsCAB, and KsPPDK) was also determined in response to these herbicide treatments. KspsbA was strongly upregulated (>200-fold) 24 h after atrazine treatment. Transcript levels of the KsALS or KsEPSPS genes were 7 and 3-fold higher 24 h after chlorsulfuron or glyphosate treatment, respectively. KsRubisco, a Calvin cycle gene important for CO2 fixation, was upregulated 7 and 2.6-fold 8 and 24 h after glyphosate and chlorsulfuron treatments, whereas it downregulated 8 and 24 h after atrazine treatment. The transcript levels of KsPPDK remained unchanged after glyphosate treatment but increased 1.8-fold and decreased 2-fold at 24 h after chlorsulfuron and atrazine treatments, respectively. KsCAB remained unchanged after chlorsulfuron treatment, but was downregulated after glyphosate and atrazine treatments. The results show that herbicide treatments not only affect the respective target-site gene expression, but also influence the genes involved in the critical photosynthetic pathway.
文摘In order to examine the most appropriate collecting time, HPLC\|ELSD and colorimetric methods were respectively used to determine the content of momordin Ic and total saponins in \%Kochia scoparia \%(L.) Schrad. fruit at different collecting times. It was shown that the best collecting time was when fruit just matured.
文摘【目的】通过响应面法优化超声辅助纤维素酶提取扫帚菜多糖的工艺,评价多糖的抗氧化活性。【方法】在单因素试验的基础上,以多糖提取率为响应值,选择酶用量、超声温度、超声时间和液料比进行Box-Behnken试验设计,研究了各工艺条件及其交互作用对扫帚菜多糖提取率的影响,得到了二次多项式回归方程模型,并以猪油的抗氧化性能来评价多糖的抗氧化活性。【结果】扫帚菜多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为:酶用量2.1%、超声温度51℃、超声时间20 min、液料比25 m L/g,该条件下扫帚菜多糖的提取率为65.93 mg/g,与理论预测值的相对误差为0.21%。扫帚菜多糖对猪油有一定的抗氧化能力。【结论】利用响应面法优化超声辅助纤维素酶提取扫帚菜多糖的工艺有效、可靠,扫帚菜多糖能有效提高猪油产品的货架期。
