Study on Extraction of Oolong Tea Assisted by Ultrasonic Wave and 4C Technique and Its Application

[Objectives]The extraction conditions of formula oolong tea were investigated by an orthogonal experiment.[Methods]The technical conditions were optimized by the 4C method,and the application of formula oolong tea extract in cigarettes was studied.[Results]①In the experimental range,the best sensory evaluation effect of formula oolong tea extract was obtained with extraction conditions of 70%ethanol as extraction solvent,extraction time h,extraction temperature 25℃,and ultrasonic frequency 80 kHz,and follow-up low-temperature concentration,low-temperature sedimentation and low-temperature centrifugation.②The effects of different centrifugal speeds on the quality of formula oolong tea extract were explored.The formula oolong tea extract obtained under the conditions of 3000 r/min and centrifugal time of 10 min showed the best evaluation effect with soft and delicate smoke,rich smoke fragrance,good comfort and refreshing mouthfeel.③The effective aroma components in the formula oolong tea extract were qualitatively analyzed by GC-MS.[Conclusions]This study provides high-quality raw materials and a theoretical basis for the research of independent flavor blending in cigarette industry enterprises.

Differing responses of root morphology and physiology to nitrogen application rates and their relationships with grain yield in rice

Root morphology and physiology influence aboveground growth and yield formation in rice.However,root morphological and physiological differences among rice varieties with differing nitrogen(N)sensitivities and their relationship with grain yield are still unclear.In this study,rice varieties differing in N sensitivity over many years of experiments were used.A field experiment with multiple N rates(0,90,180,270,and 360 kg ha^(-1))was conducted to elucidate the effects of N application on root morphology,root physiology,and grain yield.A pot experiment with root excision and exogenous application of 6-benzyladenine(6-BA)at heading stage was used to further verify the above effects.The findings revealed that(1)under the same N application rate,N-insensitive varieties(NIV)had relatively large root biomass(root dry weight,length,and number).Grain yield was associated with root biomass in NIV.The oxidation activity and zeatin(Z)+zeatin riboside(ZR)contents in roots obviously and positively correlated with grain yield in N-sensitive varieties(NSV),and accounted for its higher grain yield than that of NIV at lower N application rates(90 and 180 kg ha^(-1)).(2)The root dry weight required for equal grain yield of NIV was greater than that of NSV.Excision of 1/10 and 1/8 of roots at heading stage had no discernible effect on the yield of Liangyoupeijiu(NIV),and it significantly reduced yield by 11.5%and 21.3%in Tianyouhuazhan(NSV),respectively,compared to the treatment without root excision.The decrease of filled kernels and grain weight after root excision was the primary cause for the yield reduction.Root excision and exogenous 6-BA application after root excision had little influence on the root activity of NIV.The oxidation activity and Z+ZR contents in roots of NSV decreased under root excision,and the increase in the proportion of excised roots aggravated these effects.The application of exogenous 6-BA increased the root activity of NSV and increased filled kernels and grain weight,thereby reducing yield loss after root excision.Thus,the root biomass of NIV was large,and there may be a phenomenon of"root growth redundancy."Vigorous root activity was an essential feature of NSV.Selecting rice varieties with high root activity or increasing root activity by cultivation measures could lead to higher grain yield under lower N application rates.

Effects of the combined application of organic and chemical nitrogen fertilizer on soil aggregate carbon and nitrogen:A 30-year study

To understand the long-term effects of combined organic and chemical nitrogen fertilization on soil organic C(SOC) and total N(TN), we conducted a 30-year field experiment with a wheat–maize rotation system on the Huang-HuaiHai Plain during 1990–2019. The experimental treatments consisted of five fertilizer regimes: no fertilizer(control), chemical fertilizer only(NPK), chemical fertilizer with straw(NPKS), chemical fertilizer with manure(NPKM), and 1.5 times the rate of NPKM(1.5NPKM). The NPK, NPKS, and NPKM treatments had equal N inputs. The crop yields were measured over the whole experimental duration. Soil samples were collected from the topsoil(0–10 and 10–20 cm) and subsoil(20–40 cm) layers for assessing soil aggregates and taking SOC and TN measurements. Compared with the NPK treatment, the SOC and TN contents increased significantly in both the topsoil(24.1–44.4% for SOC and 22.8–47.7% for TN) and subsoil layers(22.0–47.9% for SOC and 19.8–41.8% for TN) for the organically amended treatments(NPKS, NPKM and 1.5NPKM) after 30 years, while no significant differences were found for the average annual crop yields over the 30 years of the experiment. The 0–10 cm layer of the NPKS treatment and the 20–40 cm layer of the NPKM treatment had significantly higher macroaggregate fraction mass proportions(19.8 and 27.0%) than the NPK treatment. However, the 0–10 and 20–40 cm layers of the 1.5NPKM treatment had significantly lower macroaggregate fraction mass proportions(–19.2 and –29.1%) than the control. The analysis showed that the higher SOC and TN in the soil of organically amended treatments compared to the NPK treatment were related to the increases in SOC and TN protected in the stable fractions(i.e., free microaggregates and microaggregates within macroaggregates), in which the contributions of the stable fractions were 81.1–91.7% of the increase in SOC and 83.3–94.0% of the increase in TN, respectively. The relationships between average C inputs and both stable SOC and TN stocks were significantly positive with R2 values of 0.74 and 0.72(P<0.01) for the whole 40 cm soil profile, which indicates the importance of N for soil C storage. The results of our study provide key evidence that long-term combined organic and chemical nitrogen fertilization, while maintaining reasonable total N inputs, benefited soil C and N storage in both the topsoil and subsoil layers.

Posterior scleral application of a mitomycin C-soaked sponge during trabeculectomy

AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of posterior scleral application(a modified technique)of an antimetabolite mitomycin C-soaked sponge in trabeculectomy for patients with glaucoma.METHODS:This retrospective study included 101 patients(115 eyes)with glaucoma(aged 12–83y)who underwent trabeculectomy using a modified mitomycin C-soaked sponge placement method.A piece of 3.5×10 mm2 sponge was placed vertically and posteriorly with the long side perpendicular to the limbus.The mitomycin C concentration and exposure time were 0.2–0.5 mg/m L and 1–5min,respectively.Intraocular pressure,bestcorrected visual acuity,and hypotensive medications were recorded at baseline and at the final visit.Complications,interventions required,and bleb morphology were recorded postoperatively.The primary outcome was trabeculectomy safety,including complications and bleb morphology;the secondary outcome was the trabeculectomy success rate.RESULTS:At the final follow-up[median 28mo,range 7–67mo and interquartile range(IQR)13mo],the qualified(cumulative)success rate was 93.0%and the complete success rate was 60.0%.No bleb-related complications were observed.The mean height,extent,and vascularity grades were 0.6±0.9,1.1±0.4,and 2.4±0.9,respectively.All Seidel tests were negative.The mean posteriority grade was 0.8±0.4.CONCLUSION:Trabeculectomy with the long side of a mitomycin C-soaked sponge placed perpendicular to the corneal limbus is safe and effective.

Effect of Combined Application of Organic Farming Aid (OFA) and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Maize and Soil Microbial Properties in the Guinea Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Ghana

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different rates of organic farming aid (OFA) and inorganic fertilizer on the productivity of maize, chemical and microbial properties of soil for higher economic value. Field experiments were conducted during the 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons at the research fields of CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute located at Nyankpala in the Guinea savannah agroecology of Ghana. The study consisted of five treatment combinations: full rate of OFA, full rate of NPK, 1/2 OFA + 1/2 NPK, full OFA + 1/2 NPK and a control (no OFA and no NPK) which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Analysis of variance indicated significant (P 0.05) treatment and year interaction effect for all the growth parameters except for plant height, leaf area and leaf area index. Apart from hundred seed weight, treatment and year interaction effect for all the yield and yield components was significant (P 0.05). Application of full rate of NPK (90:60:60) resulted in the highest grain yield of 4960 kg·ha-1, however it was statistically similar to those obtained by the combined application of full rate of OFA (250 ml·ha-1) + 1/2 NPK and 1/2 OFA + 1/2 NPK with grain yield of 4856 kg·ha-1 and 4639 kg·ha-1 respectively. There was also a yield advantage of 197. 5%, 191.3%, 178.3 and 79.1% over the control for full NPK rate, full OFA rate + 1/2 NPK rate, 1/2 OFA rate + 1/2 NPK and full OFA rate respectively. Application of full OFA rate + 1/2 NPK enhanced soil basal respiration (evolved CO2) and mineralizable C, implying that, combination of full OFA rate and NPK fertilizer would be necessary to boost soil microbial activity and soil labile nutrient pool (labile C pool). This suggests that combined use of full OFA rate + 1/2 NPK fertilizer can be a better strategic tool for improving soil quality. The highest benefit cost ratios (BCR) of 2.58 and 3.77 were obtained following the application of full OFA rate + 1/2 NPK and 1/2 OFA rate + 1/2 NPK respectively. Hence, it could be concluded that complementary use of OFA and NPK is more profitable than using single inputs (either OFA or NPK). Thus, in promoting technology packages to farmers, development practitioners must carefully consider the complementary of inputs that are cost-effective but economically rewarding.

基于新载体的BC-L-83碳三加氢催化剂的开发及工业应用

针对国产碳三液相加氢BC-L-83催化剂的特点和不足,开发了基于新载体的BC-L-83碳三液相选择加氢催化剂,考察了新BC-L-83催化剂在工业乙烯装置上的长周期应用情况。工业应用结果表明,新BC-L-83催化剂在国内1.2 Mt/a乙烯装置中首次稳定运行22个月以上,催化剂活性高,抗波动性能好,丙烯平均选择性超过73%,更好地满足了工业乙烯装置脱除碳三馏分中的丙炔、丙二烯和增产丙烯的要求,具有明显的技术和成本优势。

基于深度强化学习的C+L波段弹性光网络频谱分配算法

针对C+L波段弹性光网络中受激喇曼散射(SRS)效应导致物理层损伤加剧的问题,提出一种基于深度强化学习(DRL)自适应调制格式的频谱分配算法,在路由阶段,采用K最短路由算法为业务请求预计算K条最短备选路径;在波段、调制格式与频谱分配阶段,采用DRL进行智能化决策,并结合了2种奖励函数,以降低网络阻塞率并提高频谱使用效率。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效降低阻塞率并提高频谱利用率。

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Contents of Different Forms of Nitrogen in Rice Plants

[Objective]The paper was to study the effect of different nitrogen application levels and modes on contents of different forms of nitrogen in rice plants.[Method] Using Guichao 2 and Diejiazhan as test materials,with total nitrogen,protein nitrogen,chlorophyll nitrogen,soluble protein nitrogen,Rubisco nitrogen,free amino acid nitrogen as indicators,the effect of nitrogen application on contents of different forms of nitrogen in rice plants were studied.[Result] The contents of total nitrogen,protein nitrogen,chlorophyll nitrogen,soluble protein nitrogen,Rubisco-N,free amino nitrogen of rice plant during heading and maturity stage increased with the increasing application amount of nitrogen,and their contents would be high under heavy application of spike fertilizer when the application amount of nitrogen was the same.However,application of nitrogen had different impact on different forms of nitrogen,which showed obvious impact on the contents of Rubisco-N and free amino nitrogen.The differences of Rubisco-N and free amino nitrogen content of two varieties during heading and maturity stage under different nitrogen application modes all reached significant or extremely significant level.Correlation analysis showed that total nitrogen content of rice plant had extremely significant correlation with protein nitrogen content during heading and maturity stage in both early and late seasons.[Conclusion] The study provided a theoretical basis for clarifying the regulatory role of nitrogen application on nitrogen absorption and utilization.

基于外部气相沉积的S+C+L波段低色散斜率大有效面积非零色散位移光纤的设计与制备

针对现有光纤无法满足宽带光密集波分复用系统传输和S+C+L波段粗波分复用的要求,设计了一种具有中心凹陷的三角形芯+环形的折射率剖面,利用外部气相沉积工艺制备了一种非零色散位移光纤,并通过调整第一芯层的相对折射率和第二芯层与第一芯层的半径比,探究了其对光纤衰减、色散斜率和有效面积等参数的影响。研究发现,当第一芯层的相对折射率逐渐增大且第二芯层与第一芯层半径比逐渐减小时,零色散波长和有效面积逐渐减小。当第一芯层的相对折射率在0.52%~0.53%,芯层半径比在2.6~2.7时,光纤的有效面积接近70μm^(2),零色散波长在1420 nm附近,在1550 nm波段的色散系数大于8 ps·nm^(-1)·km^(-1),色散斜率为0.059 ps·nm^(-2)·km^(-1),可以较好地抑制传输过程中光非线性效应,满足长途干线网与城域网的使用要求。

血清3-NT UCH-L1对帕金森病并发认知功能障碍的诊断效能分析

目的探讨血清3-硝基酪氨酸(3-NT)、泛素C末端水解酶L1(UCH-L1)水平与帕金森病患者并发认知功能障碍的关系及其诊断价值。方法纳入驻马店市中心医院2020-07—2023-07诊治的104例帕金森病患者作为研究对象,根据蒙特利尔认知功能评估量表(MoCA)评分将患者分为认知功能正常组48例和认知功能障碍组56例。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清3-NT、UCH-L1水平,采用Pearson法分析帕金森病认知功能障碍患者血清3-NT、UCH-L1水平与MoCA评分的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清3-NT、UCH-L1水平对帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的诊断价值,采用Logistic多因素回归分析帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的影响因素。结果认知功能障碍组血清3-NT[(7.26±2.04)μg/L比(4.58±1.40)μg/L]、UCH-L1[(0.94±0.21)μg/L比(0.62±0.16)μg/L]水平及H-Y分期中/晚期患者比例(78.57%比16.67%)高于认知功能正常组(P<0.05)。认知功能障碍组语言[(4.93±0.52)分比(5.23±0.49)分]、命名[(2.11±0.35)分比(2.46±0.34)分]、注意力[(4.80±0.67)分比(5.31±0.45)分]、抽象思维[(1.21±0.26)分比(1.63±0.20)分]、视空间及执行能力[(2.89±0.39)分比(3.54±0.30)分]、定向力[(5.11±0.48)分比(5.50±0.31)分]、延迟记忆[(2.88±0.36)分比(4.02±0.41)分]、MoCA总分[(23.93±2.05)分比(27.69±1.08)分]低于认知功能正常组(P<0.05)。帕金森病认知功能障碍患者血清3-NT、UCH-L1水平与语言、命名、注意力、抽象思维、视空间及执行能力、定向力、延迟记忆、MoCA总分均呈负相关(P<0.05)。3-NT、UCH-L1单独及其联合诊断帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的AUC分别为0.869、0.852、0.951。3-NT、UCH-L1、H-Y分期均是帕金森病患者并发认知功能障碍的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清3-NT、UCH-L1水平可用于评估帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的发生。

A Study of the Comets with Large Perihelion Distances C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)

This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATLAS network and the Belgian Olmen Observatory.The comets Palomar and ATLAS have a typical and unusually high activity level,respectively,based on the Afρparameter corrected to phase angle zero at perihelion.The absolute magnitude of comets ATLAS and Palomar in the o-band is 4.71±0.05 and 4.16±0.02 respectively.The cometary activity of comets ATLAS and Palomar probably began at r>13 au before perihelion and will end at r>14 au after perihelion,which means that they could remain active until the second half of 2026.The nucleus of comet ATLAS has a minimum radius of 7.9 km,and the nucleus of comet Palomar could be a little larger.The c-o colors of the comets ATLAS and Palomar are redder and bluer,respectively,at perihelion than the solar twin YBP 1194.These comets showed a bluish trend in the coma color with decreasing heliocentric distance.Comet Palomar probably had two outbursts after its perihelion,each releasing about 10^(8)kg of dust.The slopes of the photometric profile of the comae of these comets were between 1and 1.5,indicating a steady state during the observation campaign.

Optimizing Average Electric Power During the Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi Method

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-discharge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. Moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17 W during charging were designed and simulated in the range of 0-12000 s using COMSOL Multiphysics software. This study efficiently employs the Taguchi optimization technique to develop lithium-ion batteries capable of storing a predetermined average electric power during the charging phase. Therefore, this method enables the battery to achieve complete charging within a specific timeframe tailored to a specificapplication. The implementation of this method can save costs, time, and materials compared with other alternative methods, such as the trial-and-error approach.

Bioactive chemical constituents from the marine-derived fungus Cladosporium sp.DLT-5

A new isochromanone,cladosporinisochromanone(1),accompanied by 15 known compounds(2–16)were obtained from secondary metabolites produced by marine-derived fungus Cladosporium sp.DLT-5.NMR and HRESIMS spectra elucidation determined the planar structure of 1.Subsequent electronic circular dichroism(ECD)experiment assigned the absolute configuration of 1.Compounds 1,2,4–6,and 10 displayed different degrees of neuroprotective activities on human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y.Five compounds(1,3–5,and 13)emerged resistance to protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B),further kinetic analysis and molecular docking study indicated that the most potent compound 13(IC50value of 10.74±0.61μmol/L)was found as a noncompetitive inhibitor for PTP1B.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)and molecular docking studies also demonstrated the interaction between compound 12 and Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1(NPC1L1),which has been identified as significant therapeutic target for hypercholesteremia.In addition,compounds 3,6,and 14 showed attractive inhibitory activity against the phytopathogenic fungi:Colletotrichum capsici.Therefore,library of Cladosporium metabolites is enriched and new active uses of known compounds are explored.

Prognostic significance and relationship of SMAD3 phosphoisoforms and VEGFR-1 in gastric cancer:A clinicopathological study

BACKGROUND The TGF-β/SMAD3 and VEGFR-1 signaling pathways play important roles in gastric cancer metastasis.SMAD3 phosphorylation is a crucial prognostic marker in gastric cancer.AIM To determine the prognostic value and relationship of SMAD3 phospho-isoforms and VEGFR-1 in gastric cancer.METHODS This was a single-center observational study which enrolled 98 gastric cancer patients and 82 adjacent normal gastric tissues from patients aged 32-84 years(median age 65)between July 2006 and April 2007.Patients were followed up until death or the study ended(median follow-up duration of 28.5 mo).The samples were used to generate tissue microarrays(TMAs)for immunohistochemical(IHC)staining.The expressions of TGF-β1,pSMAD3C(S423/425),pSMAD3L(S204),and VEGFR-1 in gastric cancer(GC)tumor tissue and normal tissue were measured by IHC staining using TMAs obtained from 98 GC patients.Prognosis and survival information of the patients was recorded by Outdo Biotech from May 2007 to July 2015.The relationship between TGF-β1,pSMAD3C(S423/425),pSMAD3L(S204),and VEGFR-1 protein expression levels was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.The relationship between protein expression levels and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed using the Chi-squared test.A survival curve was generated using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.RESULTS TGFβ-1 and VEGFR-1 expression was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissue compared to adjacent noncancerous tissue.The positive expression of phosphorylated isoforms of Smad3 varied depending on the phosphorylation site[pSMAD3C(S423/425):51.0%and pSMAD3L(S204):31.6%].High expression of pSMAD-3L(S204)was significantly correlated with larger tumors(P=0.038)and later N stages(P=0.035).Additionally,high expression of VEGFR-1 was closely correlated with tumor size(P=0.015)and pathological grading(P=0.013).High expression of both pSMAD3L(S204)and VEGFR-1 was associated with unfavorable outcomes in terms of overall survival(OS).Multivariate analysis indicated that high expression of pSMAD3L(S204)and VEGFR-1 were independent risk factors for prognosis in GC patients.VEGFR-1 protein expression was correlated with TGF-β1(r=0.220,P=0.029),pSMAD3C(S423/425)(r=0.302,P=0.002),and pSMAD3L(S204)(r=0.201,P=0.047),respectively.Simultaneous overexpression of pSMAD3L(S204)and VEGFR-1 was associated with poor OS in gastric cancer patients.CONCLUSION Co-upregulation of pSMAD3L(S204)and VEGFR-1 can serve as a predictive marker for poor gastric cancer prognosis,and pSMAD3L(204)may be involved in enhanced gastric cancer metastasis in a VEGFR-1-dependent manner.

Effects of Regulation of C/N Ratio Wheat Straw Application on Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake in Tobacco

[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on the flue-cured tobacco yield,output value,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content and cumulative uptake of the upper,middle and bottom leaf were studied by using the field plot experiments at Banqiao town,Qujing city,Yunnan Province during the 2008-2009 summer growing seasons. [Result]The results showed that the application of wheat straw alone or after C/N regulation,could significantly increase tobacco production,potassium content,the potassium and nitrogen accumulation amount of leaf,and was more conducive to the potassium uptake of tobacco leaf with wheat straw application after C/N regulation. Compared with non-straw application,the yield of tobacco increased by 6.59%,3.58%,5.98%,8.80% with application of wheat straw alone,wheat straw and vetch,wheat straw and oilseed cake,wheat straw and urea nitrogen,the potassium content in tobacco leaf increased by 3.85%,7.76%,8.82%,11.21%,respectively,the total potassium cumulative amount of leaf increased by 10.71%,11.62%,15.32% ,21.01% and the total nitrogen cumulative amount increased by 9.76%,1.22%,8.14%,14.00%. However,the differences of tobacco leaf nitrogen content among the different treatments were not significant,the phosphorus uptake of tobacco leaf decreased. [Conclusion]application of high C/N ratio wheat straw in flue-cured tobacco production,which should be concerned not only to adjust C/N ratio by adding nitrogen,but also considering additional phosphorus application.

血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA与急性脑梗死病情严重程度及预后的相关性

目的分析血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA与ACI患者病情严重程度及预后的相关性。方法采取回顾性研究,选择2021年6月至2023年6月医院收治的130例ACI患者临床资料作为研究对象。患者均接受阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗,根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)评估患者病情严重程度,将评分<16分患者临床资料纳入轻中组,将评分≥16分患者临床资料纳入重度组;治疗2周后,参照改良Rankin量表评分(mRS)评估患者预后,将评分<3分患者临床资料纳入预后良好组,将评分≥3分患者临床资料纳入预后不良组;统计患者基线资料,采用双变量相关性Pearson(N)分析,ACI患者血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平与认知功能的相关;采用二元Logistic回归分析血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA与急性脑梗死病情严重程度及预后的相关性;采用接受者操作特性曲线(ROC)分析血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平对ACI患者预后不良的预测价值。结果治疗后,ACI患者Fib、D-D低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后,ACI患者hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA低于治疗前(P<0.05);ACI患者治疗前的MoCA评分分低于治疗后(P<0.001);Pearson(N)分析结果显示,ACI患者血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平与MoCA评分呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05);重度组TOAST分型为心源性栓塞患者占比高于轻中度组,Fib、D-D、hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平高于轻中度组(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,TOAST分型为心源性栓塞、其他原因/不明原因,血清Fib、D-D、hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA高表达是ACI患者病情为重度的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);预后不良组TOAST分型为心源性栓塞患者占比高于预后良好组,发病至溶栓时间长于预后良好组,Fib、D-D、hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平高于预后良好组(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,TOAST分型为心源性栓塞,发病至溶栓时间长、血清Fib、D-D、hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA高表达是ACI患者预后不良的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);绘制ROC曲线结果显示,血清hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平及联合检测ACI患者预后不良的ACU均>0.70,有一定预测价值,其中联合检测最高。结论TOAST分型、血清Fib、D-D、hs-CRP、sCD40L、β_(2)GP1、ACA水平与ACI患者病情严重程度相关,同时在此基础上发病至溶栓时间与ACI患者预后关系密切。

Essen卒中风险评分联合OX-LDL、UCH-1对非房颤人群首发急性缺血性脑卒中患者短期预后的预测价值

目的探讨Essen卒中风险评分联合氧化型低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Oxidized low-density lipoprotein,OX-LDL)、血清泛素C末端水解酶L1(Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1,UCH-L1)对非房颤人群首发急性缺血性脑卒中(Acute ischemic stroke,AIS)患者短期预后的预测价值。方法根据改良Rankin量表(Modified rankin scale,mRS)评分,将132例非房颤人群首发AIS患者分为预后良好组(mRS≤2分)93例,预后不良组(mRS>2分)39例,在入院治疗前进行Essen卒中风险评分和血清OX-LDL、UCH-L1检测。采用Spearman相关性分析Essen卒中风险评分与OX-LDL、UCH-L1水平的差异,采用Logistic回归分析预后不良的危险因素,采用受试者工作特征(Receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析Essen卒中风险评分、OX-LDL、UCH-L1水平及三者联合对非房颤人群首发AIS预后评估的效果。结果预后不良组Essen卒中风险评分高于预后良好组(Z=-5.365,P<0.001),血清中OX-LDL、UCH-L1水平高于预后良好组(Z=-6.152,P<0.001;Z=-7.020,P<0.001)。血清中OX-LDL、UCH-L1水平与Essen评分呈正相关(r=0.629,P<0.001;r=0.598,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示,Essen卒中风险评分、OX-LDL、UCH-L1是脑卒中预后的独立影响因素。Essen卒中风险评分联合OX-LDL、UCH-L1对非房颤人群首发AIS预后的ROC曲线下面积为0.896,灵敏度为88.54%,特异度为92.93%。结论Essen卒中风险评分联合OX-LDL、UCH-L1对非房颤人群首发AIS预后有良好的预测作用,Essen卒中风险评分、OX-LDL、UCH-L1水平越高,提示预后不良的风险越大。

冠心病患者PCI术前后cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CR与预后的相关性

目的分析冠心病患者PCI前后cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP水平与预后的相关性。方法将本院行PCI术的192例患者根据术后12个月是否发生并发症及不良心脏事件分为预后良好组(n=156)和预后不良组(n=36),比较2组cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP水平。建立ROC曲线分析血清cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP水平对CAD的预测价值。结果2组术后24 h cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP水平均高于术前、术后10 min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h预后不良组cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP预测PCI术后并发症及MACE的最佳截断值为0.36 mg/L、4.11mg/mL、8.28mg/mL,敏感度分别为55.26%、73.29%、81.28%,特异度分别为76.29%、51.42%、69.37%。三个指标联合检测的敏感度和特异度分别为84.29%、78.33%,高于单一指标。结论PCI可在一定程度上激活CAD患者血管局部及全身的炎症反应,导致心肌损伤,引发并发症及MACE。cTn-T、sCD40L、hs-CRP可作为评价CAD患者PCI预后的辅助指标。

GPS现代化L1C民用信号体制分析

为了保持国际竞争力的同时满足全球范围内不断增长的PNT服务需求,美国不断进行现代化全球定位系统(GPS)的升级改造,2020年启用并播发新的民用信号L1C就是重点改造内容之一。针对新形势下日趋激烈的频谱资源竞争环境,在对GPS四个民用信号基本特征梳理归纳的基础上,阐述了L1C频点信号的选择背景及意义,分析了该信号的基本结构,重点研究了L1C信号的具体调制方式及重要特征,最后对伪码进行了详细分析,通过研究深入剖析L1C信号体制,对其他GNSS未来新体制信号的设计及工程实现有借鉴和参考价值。

Changes in Organic Carbon and Nutrient Contents of Highly Productive Paddy Soils in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province,China and Their Environmental Application

Paddy field is an important land use in subtropical China. Development of high soil fertility and productivity is the management goal of paddy field, Fertilization and management practices have not only influenced the status of organic matter and nutrients in the soil but also affected the environmental quality. This article investigates the contents of organic carbon and the nutrients, and the change over the last 20 years in highly productive paddy soils and their environmental application. Field soils were sampled and the analytical results were compared with the corresponding values in the Second Soil Survey in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province, China. The results showed that surface soils at a depth of 0-10 cm in highly productive paddy fields in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province had contents of organic carbon （20.2 ±3.88） g kg^-1, total nitrogen （2.09±0.55） g kg^-1, and available phosphorus （42.7 ±32.7） mg kg^-1, respectively, which were all at very rich levels. Over the last 20 years, the organic carbon pool of the highly productive paddy soils reached a steady state. Total N and available P significantly increased, whereas available K changed a little. The amount and percentage of P immobilization in the surface soil （0-10 cm） of highly productive paddy fields were （142.7 ~ 41.1） mg kg-~ and （36.2~ 10.4）% of added P, and CEC （7.93 ~ 1.32） cmol kg-~. These two parameters were not higher than the mean values of paddy soils and upland red soils in the areas. Results also showed that fertilizer P in highly productive paddy soils had a high mobility and was prone to move toward a water body, which is the main source of nutrients causing eutrophication. Because of a weak K-fixing capacity, the available K content was not high in highly productive paddy soils. This suggests that attention should be paid to the K balance and the increase of soil K pool.