In this study, the heritability, repeatability, phenotypic correlation, and genetic correlation of the reproductive and growth traits of L. vannamei were investigated and estimated. Eight traits of 385 shrimps from fo...In this study, the heritability, repeatability, phenotypic correlation, and genetic correlation of the reproductive and growth traits of L. vannamei were investigated and estimated. Eight traits of 385 shrimps from forty-two families, including the number of eggs(EN), number of nauplii(NN), egg diameter(ED), spawning frequency(SF), spawning success(SS), female body weight(BW) and body length(BL) at insemination, and condition factor(K), were measured,. A total of 519 spawning records including multiple spawning and 91 no spawning records were collected. The genetic parameters were estimated using an animal model, a multinomial logit model(for SF), and a sire-dam and probit model(for SS). Because there were repeated records, permanent environmental effects were included in the models. The heritability estimates for BW, BL, EN, NN, ED, SF, SS, and K were 0.49 ± 0.14, 0.51 ± 0.14, 0.12 ± 0.08, 0, 0.01 ± 0.04, 0.06 ± 0.06, 0.18 ± 0.07, and 0.10 ± 0.06, respectively. The genetic correlation was 0.99 ± 0.01 between BW and BL, 0.90 ± 0.19 between BW and EN, 0.22 ± 0.97 between BW and ED,-0.77 ± 1.14 between EN and ED, and-0.27 ± 0.36 between BW and K. The heritability of EN estimated without a covariate was 0.12 ± 0.08, and the genetic correlation was 0.90 ± 0.19 between BW and EN, indicating that improving BW may be used in selection programs to genetically improve the reproductive output of L. vannamei during the breeding. For EN, the data were also analyzed using body weight as a covariate(EN-2). The heritability of EN-2 was 0.03 ± 0.05, indicating that it is difficult to improve the reproductive output by genetic improvement. Furthermore, excessive pursuit of this selection is often at the expense of growth speed. Therefore, the selection of high-performance spawners using BW and SS may be an important strategy to improve nauplii production.展开更多
Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide,produced mainly as an industrial waste stream during crustacean processing.Chitin can be derived into chitosan through the deacetylation process.Conversion of shrimp w...Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide,produced mainly as an industrial waste stream during crustacean processing.Chitin can be derived into chitosan through the deacetylation process.Conversion of shrimp waste into chitosan via the deacetylation process could be considered a practical approach for shell waste remediation.In this study,chitosan’s physicochemical characteristics extracted from two types of Pacific white leg shrimp,L.vannamei’s shell(i.e.,rough and smooth),were compared with commercial chitosan.The yield,moisture,ash,solubility,water and fat binding capacity were measured.The degree of deacetylation(DDA)was calculated using FTIR,and their chemical Structure was confirmed using XRD and SEM-EDS.Both extracted chitosan showed no significant difference in yield,moisture,ash,solubility and water binding capacity but showed a significant difference with commercial chitosan.Moreover,the fat binding capacity of commercial chitosan showed the lowest percentage(408.34±0.83%)as compared to extracted chitosan(smooth shell 549.59±12.48%;rough shell 500.55±12.10%).The DDA indicated that extracted chitosan from the smooth and rough shell was considered good chitosan as compared to commercial chitosan with 84.08±1.27%,80.78±0.79%and 74.99±1.48%,respectively.Additionally,the presence of hydroxyl and amino groups from FTIR and a good crystallinity index was recorded using XRD of extracted chitosan.Based on observed characteristics,shrimp shell waste from L.vannamei can achieve chitosan standard quality as a biopolymer and highly potential to be applied in various industrial applications.展开更多
The Aquatic Quarantine Facility （AQF） for Litopenaeus vannamei established under the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture is located on the eastern coastal region of Chenna...The Aquatic Quarantine Facility （AQF） for Litopenaeus vannamei established under the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture is located on the eastern coastal region of Chennai in Tamil Nadu, India. The facility is an approved quarantine premise for the SPF vannamei broodstock imported across India and is probably the only one of its kind to be established in Southeast Asia. The centre is managed and operated by Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture （RGCA）, a technical extension of the Marine Products Export Development Authority （MPEDA）, Ministry of Commerce ＆ Industry, Government of India. The quarantine facility functions on the basis of strict biosecurity protocol and as per the guidelines stipulated in Standard Operating Procedures （SOP） framed by a team of experts. The facility ensures specific pathogen free status of the SPF L. vannamei broodstock imported to India, thus playing key role in restricting the entry of diseases to the Country. This article presents the SPF certification process of the imported L. vannamei carried out at the facility.展开更多
本研究从凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺中纯化获得一种组织蛋白酶L,其分子质量约为31 k D,肽质量指纹图谱分析得到8个片段共112个氨基酸残基,与报道的凡纳滨对虾组织蛋白酶L序列完全一致。该酶的最适温度和最适pH值分别为35℃和5.5,且在0~40℃以及pH...本研究从凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺中纯化获得一种组织蛋白酶L,其分子质量约为31 k D,肽质量指纹图谱分析得到8个片段共112个氨基酸残基,与报道的凡纳滨对虾组织蛋白酶L序列完全一致。该酶的最适温度和最适pH值分别为35℃和5.5,且在0~40℃以及pH 5.5~6.5之间酶活力稳定。该酶仅对底物Z-Phe-Arg-MCA特异分解。半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂E-64和Leupeptin对其有明显的抑制作用,而金属蛋白酶抑制剂乙二胺四乙酸和乙二醇二乙醚二胺四乙酸对其有少量的激活作用。扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示,随着低温贮藏时间的延长,对虾肌肉纤维的断裂程度不断增加。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析显示,组织蛋白酶L可使肌肉蛋白发生分解,推测其可能参与对虾低温贮藏过程中肌肉的降解。展开更多
基金supported by Project 2016-X39 of the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology PlanProject 2015ASKJ02 of the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project Financially Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology+4 种基金Project BE2014414 of the Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support ProgramProject of the Guangdong Province Agricultural Improved Variety Establishment of System ProjectProject of Taishan scholar program for seed industryProject 14-2-4-52-jch5 of the Qingdao Scientific Research FoundationProject 2016GGF01064 of Key research and development project of Shandong Province
文摘In this study, the heritability, repeatability, phenotypic correlation, and genetic correlation of the reproductive and growth traits of L. vannamei were investigated and estimated. Eight traits of 385 shrimps from forty-two families, including the number of eggs(EN), number of nauplii(NN), egg diameter(ED), spawning frequency(SF), spawning success(SS), female body weight(BW) and body length(BL) at insemination, and condition factor(K), were measured,. A total of 519 spawning records including multiple spawning and 91 no spawning records were collected. The genetic parameters were estimated using an animal model, a multinomial logit model(for SF), and a sire-dam and probit model(for SS). Because there were repeated records, permanent environmental effects were included in the models. The heritability estimates for BW, BL, EN, NN, ED, SF, SS, and K were 0.49 ± 0.14, 0.51 ± 0.14, 0.12 ± 0.08, 0, 0.01 ± 0.04, 0.06 ± 0.06, 0.18 ± 0.07, and 0.10 ± 0.06, respectively. The genetic correlation was 0.99 ± 0.01 between BW and BL, 0.90 ± 0.19 between BW and EN, 0.22 ± 0.97 between BW and ED,-0.77 ± 1.14 between EN and ED, and-0.27 ± 0.36 between BW and K. The heritability of EN estimated without a covariate was 0.12 ± 0.08, and the genetic correlation was 0.90 ± 0.19 between BW and EN, indicating that improving BW may be used in selection programs to genetically improve the reproductive output of L. vannamei during the breeding. For EN, the data were also analyzed using body weight as a covariate(EN-2). The heritability of EN-2 was 0.03 ± 0.05, indicating that it is difficult to improve the reproductive output by genetic improvement. Furthermore, excessive pursuit of this selection is often at the expense of growth speed. Therefore, the selection of high-performance spawners using BW and SS may be an important strategy to improve nauplii production.
基金funded by The Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)Malaysia,under The Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE)Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Program[Vot.No.63933,JPT.S(BPKI)2000/016/018/015 Jld.3(23)and Vot.No.56050,UMT/PPPI/2-2/5 Jld.2(24)].This work was also funded by the Long-Term Research Grant Scheme 1/2018,LRGS(LRGS/2018/USM-UKM/EWS/01).
文摘Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide,produced mainly as an industrial waste stream during crustacean processing.Chitin can be derived into chitosan through the deacetylation process.Conversion of shrimp waste into chitosan via the deacetylation process could be considered a practical approach for shell waste remediation.In this study,chitosan’s physicochemical characteristics extracted from two types of Pacific white leg shrimp,L.vannamei’s shell(i.e.,rough and smooth),were compared with commercial chitosan.The yield,moisture,ash,solubility,water and fat binding capacity were measured.The degree of deacetylation(DDA)was calculated using FTIR,and their chemical Structure was confirmed using XRD and SEM-EDS.Both extracted chitosan showed no significant difference in yield,moisture,ash,solubility and water binding capacity but showed a significant difference with commercial chitosan.Moreover,the fat binding capacity of commercial chitosan showed the lowest percentage(408.34±0.83%)as compared to extracted chitosan(smooth shell 549.59±12.48%;rough shell 500.55±12.10%).The DDA indicated that extracted chitosan from the smooth and rough shell was considered good chitosan as compared to commercial chitosan with 84.08±1.27%,80.78±0.79%and 74.99±1.48%,respectively.Additionally,the presence of hydroxyl and amino groups from FTIR and a good crystallinity index was recorded using XRD of extracted chitosan.Based on observed characteristics,shrimp shell waste from L.vannamei can achieve chitosan standard quality as a biopolymer and highly potential to be applied in various industrial applications.
文摘The Aquatic Quarantine Facility （AQF） for Litopenaeus vannamei established under the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture is located on the eastern coastal region of Chennai in Tamil Nadu, India. The facility is an approved quarantine premise for the SPF vannamei broodstock imported across India and is probably the only one of its kind to be established in Southeast Asia. The centre is managed and operated by Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture （RGCA）, a technical extension of the Marine Products Export Development Authority （MPEDA）, Ministry of Commerce ＆ Industry, Government of India. The quarantine facility functions on the basis of strict biosecurity protocol and as per the guidelines stipulated in Standard Operating Procedures （SOP） framed by a team of experts. The facility ensures specific pathogen free status of the SPF L. vannamei broodstock imported to India, thus playing key role in restricting the entry of diseases to the Country. This article presents the SPF certification process of the imported L. vannamei carried out at the facility.
文摘本研究从凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺中纯化获得一种组织蛋白酶L,其分子质量约为31 k D,肽质量指纹图谱分析得到8个片段共112个氨基酸残基,与报道的凡纳滨对虾组织蛋白酶L序列完全一致。该酶的最适温度和最适pH值分别为35℃和5.5,且在0~40℃以及pH 5.5~6.5之间酶活力稳定。该酶仅对底物Z-Phe-Arg-MCA特异分解。半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂E-64和Leupeptin对其有明显的抑制作用,而金属蛋白酶抑制剂乙二胺四乙酸和乙二醇二乙醚二胺四乙酸对其有少量的激活作用。扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示,随着低温贮藏时间的延长,对虾肌肉纤维的断裂程度不断增加。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析显示,组织蛋白酶L可使肌肉蛋白发生分解,推测其可能参与对虾低温贮藏过程中肌肉的降解。
