To investigate the effect of low light （LL, 50% natural light） during grain filling （GF） stage on rice transamination, amino acid （AA） accumulation, nutritional value, and cooking quality in three different rice...To investigate the effect of low light （LL, 50% natural light） during grain filling （GF） stage on rice transamination, amino acid （AA） accumulation, nutritional value, and cooking quality in three different rice genotypes, transaminase activities and AA levels in grains during GF stage and the traits that significantly affected rice quality （physical appearance, cooking quality, and nutritional value） were analyzed. LL did not disturb transamination in rice grains during GF stage, as minimal impact was found on alanine and aspartate transaminase activities. Nevertheless, most AAs in caryopses, including lysine and threonine, increased in response to LL, except for sulfur-containing AAs. These results suggest that AA metabolism and accumulation in rice grains were rarely suppressed by LL during GF stage. Rice nutritional ingredients at harvest, such as major protein components including glutelin and most important essential amino acids （EAAs） including lysine and threonine, increased significantly in response to LL, whereas most protein and EAA ratios were rarely affected. However, LL markedly affected physical appearance of rice grains by reducing brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and 1000-grain weight and increasing the chalkiness rate. In addition, cooking qualities decreased in response to LL, while breakdown values and amylose levels decreased and setback values increased. We concluded that LL during GF stage decreased the cooking quality of rice, but could potentially improve the nutritional value of rice.展开更多
The coupled system of multilayer dynamics of fluids in porous media is to describe the history of oil-gas transport and accumulation in basin evolution.It is of great value in rational evaluation of prospecting and ex...The coupled system of multilayer dynamics of fluids in porous media is to describe the history of oil-gas transport and accumulation in basin evolution.It is of great value in rational evaluation of prospecting and exploiting oil-gas resources.The mathematical model can be described as a coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations with moving boundary values.A kind of characteristic finite difference schemes is put forward,from which optimal order estimates in l~2 norm are derived for the error in the approximate solutions.The research is important both theoretically and practically for the model analysis in the field,the model numerical method and software development.展开更多
LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application s...LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application strategies.The aim is to offer valuable insights and references for urban planners and bridge lighting designers in China.By advancing the application of LED technology in bridge night lighting,the goal is to enhance the city’s nighttime ambiance,making the bridge an iconic landmark and a defining feature of the city.展开更多
Background and Objective: The sensitivity and accuracy of white light bronchoscopy (WLB) in airway examination are low. Autofluorescence bronchoscope (AFB) can determine early lesions in bronchial mucosa more sensitiv...Background and Objective: The sensitivity and accuracy of white light bronchoscopy (WLB) in airway examination are low. Autofluorescence bronchoscope (AFB) can determine early lesions in bronchial mucosa more sensitively, but it has seldom performed in China. To assess the clinical value of the AFB in airway examination, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of the AFB and WLB in detecting cancer of the airway mucosa. Methods: Between September 2009 and May 2010, bronchoscope examinations using both the AFB and WLB were performed on 136 patients, 95 men and 41 women with a median age of 61.5 years (ranged from 25 to 84 years). There were 46 lesions located in the central airway, 84 in the peripheral lung parenchyma, and 6 in the mediastinal region. All patients received local and general anesthesia and were subsequently examined with the WLB and AFB in tandem. All procedures were completed safely. Abnormal visual findings were recorded, and biopsies of the affected regions were collected for pathologic examination. Results: Of 241 regions sampled for biopsy, 76 sites contained malignant lesions, whereas 165 sites contained benign lesions. The AFB detected 72 of the 76 malignant lesions, but the WLB detected only 50. The sensitivities of the AFB and WLB were 94.7% and 65.8%, respectively, and the specificities were 57.0% and 83.6%, respectively. The negative predictive values of the AFB and WLB were 95.9% and 84.1%, respectively. Conclusions: The AFB is more sensitive than the WLB in detecting cancerous lesions in the mucosa, and is an effective airway examination.展开更多
Different types of crude oils have different light hydrocarbon compositional and geochemical character-istics. Based on the light hydrocarbon data from two kinds of oils,i.e.,coal-generated oils and marine oils in Chi...Different types of crude oils have different light hydrocarbon compositional and geochemical character-istics. Based on the light hydrocarbon data from two kinds of oils,i.e.,coal-generated oils and marine oils in China,light hydrocarbons in marine oils in the Tazhong area are generally relatively enriched in n-heptane,and coal-generated oils from the Turpan Basin are enriched in methylcyclohexane . The K1 values,reported by Mango (1987),range from 0.97 to 1.19 in marine oils,basically consistent with what was reported by Mango on light hy-drocarbons in terms of the majority of the crude oil data. But the K1 values of coal-generated oils are particularly high (1.35-1.66) and far greater than those of marine oils; heptane values in marine oils,ranging from 32.3% to 45.4%,and isoheptane values,ranging from 1.9 to 3.7,are respectively higher than those of coal-generated oils,in-dicating that the oils are in the high-maturity stage. In addition,expulsion temperatures of coal-generated oils from the Turpan Basin are obviously lower than those of marine oils from the Tazhong area.展开更多
Time dilation, space contraction and relativistic mass are combined in a novel fashion using Newtonian dynamics. In this way we can surprisingly retrieve an effective quantum gravity energy-mass equation which gives t...Time dilation, space contraction and relativistic mass are combined in a novel fashion using Newtonian dynamics. In this way we can surprisingly retrieve an effective quantum gravity energy-mass equation which gives the accurate experimental value of vacuum density. Furthermore Einstein’s equation of special relativity E = mc2, where m is the mass and c is the velocity of light developed assuming smooth 4D space time is transferred to a rugged Calabi-Yau and K3 fuzzy Kahler manifolds and revised to become E=(mc2)/(22), where the division factor 22 maybe interpreted as the compactified bosonic dimensions of Veneziano-Nambu strings. The result is again an accurate effective quantum gravity energy-mass relation akin to the one found using Newtonian dynamics which correctly predicts that 95.4915028% of the energy in the cosmos is the hypothetical missing dark energy. The agreement with WMAP and supernova measurements is in that respect astounding. In addition different theories are used to check the calculations and all lead to the same quantitative result. Thus the theories of varying speed of light, scale relativity, E-infinity theory, M-theory, Heterotic super strings, quantum field in curved space time, Veneziano’s dual resonance model, Nash Euclidean embedding and super gravity all reinforce, without any reservation, the above mentioned theoretical result which in turn is in total agreement with the most sophisticated cosmological measurements which was deservingly awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics. Finally and more importantly from certain viewpoints, we reason that the speed of light is constant because it is a definite probabilistic expectation value of a variable velocity in a hierarchical fractal clopen, i.e. closed and open micro space time.展开更多
目的:血清游离轻链(free light chain,FLC)在多种疾病中表达异常,但其在肺癌中的表达尚不清楚,本研究旨在探讨血清FLC在肺癌中的表达及诊断价值。方法:选取2021年1至12月湖南师范大学附属湘东医院收治的80例肺癌患者作为肺癌组,另选取...目的:血清游离轻链(free light chain,FLC)在多种疾病中表达异常,但其在肺癌中的表达尚不清楚,本研究旨在探讨血清FLC在肺癌中的表达及诊断价值。方法:选取2021年1至12月湖南师范大学附属湘东医院收治的80例肺癌患者作为肺癌组,另选取同时期的80例健康体检人员作为对照组。收集所有参与者的一般资料、血清κFLC和λFLC水平;收集肺癌组患者住院期间的相关临床指标[血清癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、细胞角蛋白-19片段抗原(cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1,CYFRA21-1)水平,以及肿瘤直径、组织学分型、TNM分期、是否有淋巴结转移]。比较肺癌组和对照组血清FLC[κFLC、λFLC、FLC(κ+λ)]的表达水平。将80例肺癌患者按性别、年龄、吸烟史、肿瘤直径、TNM分期、组织学分型、淋巴结转移进行分组,比较组间血清κFLC、λFLC表达水平的差异。采用受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评价血清FLC水平单独及联合其他指标在肺癌中的诊断价值。结果:肺癌组血清FLC(κ+λ)、κFLC表达水平均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);而2组间血清λFLC表达水平的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同肿瘤直径、组织学分型、TNM分期的肺癌血清κFLC表达水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);但是,有淋巴结转移的肺癌患者血清κFLC水平高于无淋巴结转移的肺癌患者,且差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。不同肿瘤直径、组织学分型肺癌患者的血清λFLC表达水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);但是,TNM分期III期+IV期、有淋巴结转移的肺癌患者血清λFLC表达水平分别高于TNM分期I期+II期、无淋巴结转移的肺癌患者,差异均有统计学意义(分别P=0.033,P=0.019)。κFLC、CEA诊断肺癌的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)差异无统计学意义(P=0.333)。在2项联合诊断肺癌的指标中,κFLC+CYFRA21-1的诊断效能(AUC=0.875)及敏感性(71.3%)最高。κFLC+λFLC+CEA+CYFRA21-1联合诊断肺癌的AUC为0.915(95%CI 0.860~0.953,P<0.001)。结论:血清FLC在肺癌中高表达,并且与肺癌的浸润和转移有关。血清FLC尤其是κFLC对肺癌的诊断具有价值,FLC、CEA、CYFRA21-1联合检测的诊断效能最佳。展开更多
文摘To investigate the effect of low light （LL, 50% natural light） during grain filling （GF） stage on rice transamination, amino acid （AA） accumulation, nutritional value, and cooking quality in three different rice genotypes, transaminase activities and AA levels in grains during GF stage and the traits that significantly affected rice quality （physical appearance, cooking quality, and nutritional value） were analyzed. LL did not disturb transamination in rice grains during GF stage, as minimal impact was found on alanine and aspartate transaminase activities. Nevertheless, most AAs in caryopses, including lysine and threonine, increased in response to LL, except for sulfur-containing AAs. These results suggest that AA metabolism and accumulation in rice grains were rarely suppressed by LL during GF stage. Rice nutritional ingredients at harvest, such as major protein components including glutelin and most important essential amino acids （EAAs） including lysine and threonine, increased significantly in response to LL, whereas most protein and EAA ratios were rarely affected. However, LL markedly affected physical appearance of rice grains by reducing brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and 1000-grain weight and increasing the chalkiness rate. In addition, cooking qualities decreased in response to LL, while breakdown values and amylose levels decreased and setback values increased. We concluded that LL during GF stage decreased the cooking quality of rice, but could potentially improve the nutritional value of rice.
基金the Major State Basic Research Program of China(No.G19990328)the National Tackling Key Problem Program(No.20050200069)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10771124,10372052)the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20030422047)
文摘The coupled system of multilayer dynamics of fluids in porous media is to describe the history of oil-gas transport and accumulation in basin evolution.It is of great value in rational evaluation of prospecting and exploiting oil-gas resources.The mathematical model can be described as a coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations with moving boundary values.A kind of characteristic finite difference schemes is put forward,from which optimal order estimates in l~2 norm are derived for the error in the approximate solutions.The research is important both theoretically and practically for the model analysis in the field,the model numerical method and software development.
文摘LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application strategies.The aim is to offer valuable insights and references for urban planners and bridge lighting designers in China.By advancing the application of LED technology in bridge night lighting,the goal is to enhance the city’s nighttime ambiance,making the bridge an iconic landmark and a defining feature of the city.
文摘Background and Objective: The sensitivity and accuracy of white light bronchoscopy (WLB) in airway examination are low. Autofluorescence bronchoscope (AFB) can determine early lesions in bronchial mucosa more sensitively, but it has seldom performed in China. To assess the clinical value of the AFB in airway examination, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of the AFB and WLB in detecting cancer of the airway mucosa. Methods: Between September 2009 and May 2010, bronchoscope examinations using both the AFB and WLB were performed on 136 patients, 95 men and 41 women with a median age of 61.5 years (ranged from 25 to 84 years). There were 46 lesions located in the central airway, 84 in the peripheral lung parenchyma, and 6 in the mediastinal region. All patients received local and general anesthesia and were subsequently examined with the WLB and AFB in tandem. All procedures were completed safely. Abnormal visual findings were recorded, and biopsies of the affected regions were collected for pathologic examination. Results: Of 241 regions sampled for biopsy, 76 sites contained malignant lesions, whereas 165 sites contained benign lesions. The AFB detected 72 of the 76 malignant lesions, but the WLB detected only 50. The sensitivities of the AFB and WLB were 94.7% and 65.8%, respectively, and the specificities were 57.0% and 83.6%, respectively. The negative predictive values of the AFB and WLB were 95.9% and 84.1%, respectively. Conclusions: The AFB is more sensitive than the WLB in detecting cancerous lesions in the mucosa, and is an effective airway examination.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40573030)
文摘Different types of crude oils have different light hydrocarbon compositional and geochemical character-istics. Based on the light hydrocarbon data from two kinds of oils,i.e.,coal-generated oils and marine oils in China,light hydrocarbons in marine oils in the Tazhong area are generally relatively enriched in n-heptane,and coal-generated oils from the Turpan Basin are enriched in methylcyclohexane . The K1 values,reported by Mango (1987),range from 0.97 to 1.19 in marine oils,basically consistent with what was reported by Mango on light hy-drocarbons in terms of the majority of the crude oil data. But the K1 values of coal-generated oils are particularly high (1.35-1.66) and far greater than those of marine oils; heptane values in marine oils,ranging from 32.3% to 45.4%,and isoheptane values,ranging from 1.9 to 3.7,are respectively higher than those of coal-generated oils,in-dicating that the oils are in the high-maturity stage. In addition,expulsion temperatures of coal-generated oils from the Turpan Basin are obviously lower than those of marine oils from the Tazhong area.
文摘Time dilation, space contraction and relativistic mass are combined in a novel fashion using Newtonian dynamics. In this way we can surprisingly retrieve an effective quantum gravity energy-mass equation which gives the accurate experimental value of vacuum density. Furthermore Einstein’s equation of special relativity E = mc2, where m is the mass and c is the velocity of light developed assuming smooth 4D space time is transferred to a rugged Calabi-Yau and K3 fuzzy Kahler manifolds and revised to become E=(mc2)/(22), where the division factor 22 maybe interpreted as the compactified bosonic dimensions of Veneziano-Nambu strings. The result is again an accurate effective quantum gravity energy-mass relation akin to the one found using Newtonian dynamics which correctly predicts that 95.4915028% of the energy in the cosmos is the hypothetical missing dark energy. The agreement with WMAP and supernova measurements is in that respect astounding. In addition different theories are used to check the calculations and all lead to the same quantitative result. Thus the theories of varying speed of light, scale relativity, E-infinity theory, M-theory, Heterotic super strings, quantum field in curved space time, Veneziano’s dual resonance model, Nash Euclidean embedding and super gravity all reinforce, without any reservation, the above mentioned theoretical result which in turn is in total agreement with the most sophisticated cosmological measurements which was deservingly awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics. Finally and more importantly from certain viewpoints, we reason that the speed of light is constant because it is a definite probabilistic expectation value of a variable velocity in a hierarchical fractal clopen, i.e. closed and open micro space time.
文摘目的:血清游离轻链(free light chain,FLC)在多种疾病中表达异常,但其在肺癌中的表达尚不清楚,本研究旨在探讨血清FLC在肺癌中的表达及诊断价值。方法:选取2021年1至12月湖南师范大学附属湘东医院收治的80例肺癌患者作为肺癌组,另选取同时期的80例健康体检人员作为对照组。收集所有参与者的一般资料、血清κFLC和λFLC水平;收集肺癌组患者住院期间的相关临床指标[血清癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、细胞角蛋白-19片段抗原(cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1,CYFRA21-1)水平,以及肿瘤直径、组织学分型、TNM分期、是否有淋巴结转移]。比较肺癌组和对照组血清FLC[κFLC、λFLC、FLC(κ+λ)]的表达水平。将80例肺癌患者按性别、年龄、吸烟史、肿瘤直径、TNM分期、组织学分型、淋巴结转移进行分组,比较组间血清κFLC、λFLC表达水平的差异。采用受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评价血清FLC水平单独及联合其他指标在肺癌中的诊断价值。结果:肺癌组血清FLC(κ+λ)、κFLC表达水平均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);而2组间血清λFLC表达水平的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同肿瘤直径、组织学分型、TNM分期的肺癌血清κFLC表达水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);但是,有淋巴结转移的肺癌患者血清κFLC水平高于无淋巴结转移的肺癌患者,且差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。不同肿瘤直径、组织学分型肺癌患者的血清λFLC表达水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);但是,TNM分期III期+IV期、有淋巴结转移的肺癌患者血清λFLC表达水平分别高于TNM分期I期+II期、无淋巴结转移的肺癌患者,差异均有统计学意义(分别P=0.033,P=0.019)。κFLC、CEA诊断肺癌的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)差异无统计学意义(P=0.333)。在2项联合诊断肺癌的指标中,κFLC+CYFRA21-1的诊断效能(AUC=0.875)及敏感性(71.3%)最高。κFLC+λFLC+CEA+CYFRA21-1联合诊断肺癌的AUC为0.915(95%CI 0.860~0.953,P<0.001)。结论:血清FLC在肺癌中高表达,并且与肺癌的浸润和转移有关。血清FLC尤其是κFLC对肺癌的诊断具有价值,FLC、CEA、CYFRA21-1联合检测的诊断效能最佳。
