LÉVY AREA ANALYSIS AND PARAMETER ESTIMATION FOR FOU PROCESSES VIA NON-GEOMETRIC ROUGH PATH THEORY

This paper addresses the estimation problem of an unknown drift parameter matrix for a fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in a multi-dimensional setting.To tackle this problem,we propose a novel approach based on rough path theory that allows us to construct pathwise rough path estimators from both continuous and discrete observations of a single path.Our approach is particularly suitable for high-frequency data.To formulate the parameter estimators,we introduce a theory of pathwise Itôintegrals with respect to fractional Brownian motion.By establishing the regularity of fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes and analyzing the long-term behavior of the associated Lévy area processes,we demonstrate that our estimators are strongly consistent and pathwise stable.Our findings offer a new perspective on estimating the drift parameter matrix for fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes in multi-dimensional settings,and may have practical implications for fields including finance,economics,and engineering.

融合时序Sentinel数据多特征优选的南方丘陵区油茶种植区提取

油茶作为江西省经济林树种之一,也是江西省特色优势产业,准确获取其空间分布在产量估算、生产管理和政策制定等方面具有重要意义。本研究针对南方多云多雨气候导致光学影像不足,以及丘陵山区地形破碎问题,以江西省宜春市袁州区为研究区,采用时序Sentinel系列影像数据和SRTM DEM数据为数据源,构建和优选了光谱特征、植被-水体指数、红边指数、雷达特征、地形特征和纹理特征共125个特征变量,其中,纹理特征采用累计差法(Δf)对比15种不同尺度窗口,计算Sentinel-1和Sentinel-2影像最佳纹理特征。基于ReliefF特征优选算法和随机森林分类算法,设计了8种特征组合方案开展实验,探讨不同特征类型对油茶提取精度的影响。结果表明:利用累计差法计算出的Sentinel-1和Sentinel-2的最佳纹理特征窗口尺寸均为35×35,最佳纹理特征组合为均值(Mean)、方差(Variance)和对比度(Contrast);在光谱特征、植被-水体指数的基础上加入不同特征对油茶进行分类,不同类型特征对油茶提取的有利程度由大到小依次为S2纹理特征、S1纹理特征、地形特征、雷达特征、红边指数,相比于单一光谱和指数特征,纹理特征的加入可大幅度提高分类精度。多特征协同分类结果优于单特征分类结果,基于特征优选的油茶提取精度最高;基于ReliefF算法特征优选后的方案精度最高,总体精度为88.29%,Kappa系数为0.81。本研究利用时序Sentinel系列遥感影像和DEM地形数据,构建了针对多云雨南方丘陵山区的大范围油茶遥感提取方法,可为中国南方丘陵区域油茶资源调查与监测提供参考。

Influence of social capital on the livelihood strategies of farmers under China's rural revitalization strategy in poor mountain areas: A case study of the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture

Social capital in the form of social resources or social networks is one of the most important livelihood capital of farmers, which can increase the labor productivity of poor households and increase income. It is important to explore the reasons underlying the livelihood strategy choices of farmers from the perspective of social capital under China’s rural revitalization strategy. In this study, the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, a povertystricken mountainous area in southwestern China, was selected as the case study area, and multivariable linear regression models were constructed to analyze the influence of social capital on livelihood strategies.The results are as follows:(1) Individual social capital had a positive effect on non-agricultural livelihood strategies. On average, with a one-unit increase in individual social capital, the ratio of farmers’ nonagricultural income to total productive income(Income_Rto) increased by 0.002% and 0.062%,respectively. Collective social capital, with the Peasant Economic Cooperation Organization(PECO) as the carrier, had a negative effect on the non-agricultural livelihood strategies of farmers;on average, with a oneunit increase in PECO, Income_Rto decreased by approximately 0.053%. However, this effect was only significant in the river valley area.(2) The income differences among the different livelihood strategy types were explained by the livelihood strategy choices of farmers. As non-agricultural work can bring more benefits, the labor force exhibited one-way migration from villages to cities, resulting in a lack of the subject of rural revitalization. It is necessary to implement effective measures to highlight the role of PECO in increasing agricultural income for farmers. Finally,based on the above conclusions,policy recommendations with respect to livelihood transformation of farmers and rural sustainable development are discussed.

海上L区稀疏井网沉积微相刻画研究

海上L区井网稀疏井数少、目标储层地震分辨率差、制约储层沉积微相刻画精度,为解决小层沉积微相刻画难的问题,建立了以沉积模式为指导、单井微相作约束、多地震属性综合对比的沉积微相刻画方法,完成稀疏井网小层沉积微相识别刻画研究,明确工区微相展布特征,相演化模式验证结果可靠。形成的稀疏井网沉积微相刻画方法,为海上稀疏井网储层沉积微相刻画提供参考和借鉴意义。

基于外部气相沉积的S+C+L波段低色散斜率大有效面积非零色散位移光纤的设计与制备

针对现有光纤无法满足宽带光密集波分复用系统传输和S+C+L波段粗波分复用的要求,设计了一种具有中心凹陷的三角形芯+环形的折射率剖面,利用外部气相沉积工艺制备了一种非零色散位移光纤,并通过调整第一芯层的相对折射率和第二芯层与第一芯层的半径比,探究了其对光纤衰减、色散斜率和有效面积等参数的影响。研究发现,当第一芯层的相对折射率逐渐增大且第二芯层与第一芯层半径比逐渐减小时,零色散波长和有效面积逐渐减小。当第一芯层的相对折射率在0.52%~0.53%,芯层半径比在2.6~2.7时,光纤的有效面积接近70μm^(2),零色散波长在1420 nm附近,在1550 nm波段的色散系数大于8 ps·nm^(-1)·km^(-1),色散斜率为0.059 ps·nm^(-2)·km^(-1),可以较好地抑制传输过程中光非线性效应,满足长途干线网与城域网的使用要求。

Relationship of 2 100-2 300 nm Spectral Characteristics of Wheat Canopy to Leaf Area Index and Leaf N as Affected by Leaf Water Content

The effects of leaf water status in a wheat canopy on the accuracy of estimating leaf area index (LAI) and N were determined in this study using extracted spectral characteristics in the 2 000-2 300 nm region of the short wave infrared (SWI) band. A newly defined spectral index, relative adsorptive index in the 2000-2300 nm region (RAI2000-2300), which can be calculated by RAI2000-2300 = (R2224 - R2054) (R2224 + R2054)-1 with R being the reflectance at 2224 or 2054 nm, was utilized. This spectral index, RAI2000-2300, was significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with green LAI and leaf N concentration and proved to be potentially valuable for monitoring plant green LAI and leaf N at the field canopy scale. Moreover, plant LAI could be monitored more easily and more successfully than plant leaf N. The study also showed that leaf water had a strong masking effect on the 2 000-2 300 nm spectral characteristics and both the coefficient between RAI2000-2300 and green LAI and that between RAI2000-2300 and leaf N content decreased as leaf water content increased.

2022年10月30日渤海M_(L)4.1地震预测与思考

依据近年来我国南北地震带部分地区强震、大震与华北地区中等地震活动的某些相关性特征,结合华北地区地震活动演化特点,以及对异常信度较高的区域异常项目对比与分析,山东地震台测震学与综合预报学科对研究区近期发生的一次中等地震,即2022年10月30日渤海海域M_(L)4.1地震作出预测,并指出:近年来南北地震带中南段中部大震发生前后,华北地区中等以上地震多出现长时间平静现象,且平静打破后,其后续ML 4地震分布也有一定规律可循;莱州湾及附近海域存在小震调制比高值异常;渤海海域及附近部分地区M_(L)3地震较活跃,同时,M_(L)3地震能量释放呈逐渐增强态势。希望通过对2022年渤海海域M_(L)4.1地震预测过程的分析与总结,为今后地震研究相关工作提供借鉴。

Some Inequalities for L_p-mixed Affine Surface Area

In this paper, the concepts of the ith L;-mixed affine surface area and Lp-polar curvature images are introduced, some new inequalities connecting these new notions with Lρ-centroid bodies and ρ-Blaschke bodies are showed. Moreover, a Blaschke-Santalo type inequality for Lρ-mixed affine surface area is established. Our results also imply the similar to the inequalities for Marcus-Lopes, Bergstrom and Ky Fan.

Effect of Aluminum on Long-Term Potentiation and Its Relation to L-arg-No-pathway in Hippocampal CA3 Area of Rats

Experiments were performed on 64 Sprague-Dawley rats under ure-thane anesthesia. Extracellular recording method was used to investigate the effect of aluminum (Al)microinjected into CA3 on long-term potentiation (LTP) in this area. The relationship between the inhibitory effect of Al and L-arginine-NO pathway was also studied. Microinjection of Al (0. 5 mol/L, 1 μl ) into CA3 could block the induction of LTP in CA3. Microinjection of Al (0. 5 mol/L, 1 μl) into CA3 after LTP was induced could also decrease the amplitude of population spike (PS). The inhibitory effect of Al on LTP in CA3 could be enhanced by preinjection of NG-nitro-L-arginine (0. 3 mol/L, 1 μl). Preinjection of L-arginine (0. 3 mol/L, 1 μl) into CA3 could antagonize the inhibitory effect of Al on LTP. These results suggest that Al could block the induction of LTP and decrease the amplitude of PS potentiated in CA3. The effect of Al might be antagonized by L-arginine-NO pathway.

Isotropic dual p-surface area measure

It is shown that a convex body has minimal dual p-surface area among its affine transformations of the same volume if and only if its dual p-surface area measure is isotropic. A double-sided estimate for the （n-1）-dimensional volume of the intersection of a dual p-surface isotropic convex body in terms of its affine invariant dual p-surface quantity is given. Furthermore, the dual p-isopermetric inequality is obtained.

Modeling Leaf Area Estimation for Arabica Coffee (<i>Coffea Arabica</i>L.) Grown at Different Altitudes of Mana District, Jimma Zone

This study was aimed at establishing allometric models for estimating LA (Leaf Area) of eight Coffea arabica genotypes in Mana district of Jimma Zone Oromia Regional State, South Western Ethiopia (7&deg;46'N, 36&deg;0'E). Many Methodologies and instruments have been devised to facilitate measurement of leaf area. However, these methods are destructive, laborious and expensive. For modeling leaf area, leaf width, leaf length and leaf area of 1200 leaves (50 leaves for each genotype) was measured for model calibration and the respective measurements on 960 leaves were used for model validation. Linear measurement was taken from leaves and branch diameters of eight genotypes of C. arabica, cultivated in field following a randomized complete blocks design at three altitudes (High, Medium and Low) were evaluated to identify best option for input in the models, and to validate the method to estimate the leaf area. Linear and non-linear models were tested for their accuracy to predict leaf area of the eight C. arabica genotypes. The use of linear model resulted in high accuracy for all of the eight C. arabica genotypes. No significant effect of growing altitude and genotype was obtained among the slopes of the models. Therefore, one single model was fitted to the combined data of all genotypes at all altitudes (LA = 0.6434LW). Comparison between observed and predicted leaf area was made using this model in another independent dataset, conducted for model validation, exhibited a high degree of correlation (r = 0.98 - 0.99, P < 0. 01). The over or under estimation of the leaf area using this model ranges between 0.02% to 1.7% and this model is adequate to estimate the leaf area for the eight C. arabica genotypes. Hence, this model can be proposed to be reliably used and with this developed model, researchers can estimate the leaf area of newly released eight genotypes of C. arabica at different altitudes accurately.

AREA INTEGRAL FUNCTIONS FOR SECTORIAL OPERATORS ON L^p SPACES

Area integral functions are introduced for sectorial operators on L^p-spaces. We establish the equivalence between the square and area integral functions for sectorial operators on L^p spaces. This follows that the results of Cowling, Doust, McIntosh, Yagi, and Le Merdy on H^∞ functional calculus of seetorial operators on LP-spaces hold true when the square functions are replaced by the area integral functions.

煤矿采动区地面L型瓦斯抽采多分支井钻进关键技术研究

淮北矿区各煤矿采动区瓦斯威胁突出,为解决井下工作面采掘期间卸压瓦斯抽采难题,结合井下及常规地面瓦斯抽采技术,考虑到使井眼覆盖到更大抽采面积,以满足抽采需求,提出地面L型多分支井瓦斯抽采技术。针对地面L型瓦斯抽采多分支井成井质量影响抽采效果的问题,在许疃煤矿某工作面开展地面L型瓦斯抽采多分支井高效钻进技术研究。通过井位层位优化布设、井身结构及井眼轨迹优化设计、套管侧钻开窗技术、井眼轨迹精确控制技术、筛管悬挂完井技术等关键技术研究,形成地面L型瓦斯抽采多分支井成井技术,充分利用煤层采动卸压效应,提高回采工作面瓦斯抽采效率,有效解决井下采掘衔接紧张及瓦斯制约安全生产矛盾。

基于L波段探空秒数据识别河套地区云垂直结构

基于L波段探空秒数据反演云的垂直结构,统计分析2019年内蒙古河套地区的云垂直结构及其与不同强度降水的关系。得到结论如下:(1)河套地区有云日>256 d,以1~2层云为主,云层最多时有5层。1层云时,临河地区、乌拉特中旗的云较薄,东胜地区、呼和浩特地区的云较厚。2层云时,乌拉特中旗、东胜地区及呼和浩特地区的下层云厚,上层云薄;临河地区相反。3层云时,乌拉特中旗、东胜地区及呼和浩特地区的中间云层较厚,上、下层云较薄;临河地区则是最上层云较厚。(2)当降水云为1层云时,东胜地区的云最厚,乌拉特中旗的云最薄。当降水云为2层云时,呼和浩特及东胜地区的云呈现下层厚、上层薄的特征,临河及乌拉特中旗的云呈现上下两层云厚度相差不大的特征。(3)弱降水时,云为1~3层,云厚的变化对降水影响不大。一般降水时,6 h累积降水量与云层分布有较好的对应关系,总云厚大,降水偏多。(4)总云厚及6 h累积降水量有明显的季节变化。春冬季的云偏薄,降水较弱;夏秋季的云偏厚,降水较强。6—9月是主要的降水期,在水资源开发利用时要把握好此阶段。

沿黄灌区不同种植密度对胡麻产量和植株性状的效应

为探索胡麻产量和植株性状对种植密度的响应规律,筛选适宜白银市灌区胡麻的种植密度。以陇亚13号为供试品种,研究不同种植密度(600万、750万、900万、1050万、1200万粒/hm^(2))对胡麻产量和植株性状的影响。结果表明,随着种植密度的增加,胡麻产量、株高、工艺长度、单株生物量、单株粒重、每果粒数和经济系数呈先增后降的趋势,分茎数、分枝数、分枝长、果层厚度、单株果数和千粒重逐渐降低,主茎贡献率增加,分茎贡献率逐渐降低。在白银市灌区现阶段生产水平下,胡麻种植密度为750万粒/hm^(2)时,产量水平最高,为2299.68kg/hm^(2)。

基于USLE模型的大小凉山地区土壤侵蚀定量研究

[目的]对四川省凉山地区土壤水力侵蚀状况进行定量研究,为该区水土流失调查提供数据支持。[方法]利用四川省地理国情普查数据,基于对USLE模型的本土化研究成果进行分析和研究。[结果]凉山彝族自治州平均土壤侵蚀模数为1 207.67t/(km2·a),土壤侵蚀面积为15 221km2,占该区土地总面积的25.19%。从空间分布上看其中金沙江沿岸是凉山彝族自治州土壤侵蚀最为严重的地区,其次是安宁河流域和黑水河流域。[结论]凉山州目前水土流失面积较大,水土流失治理的形势依然严峻。

适宜凉山产区烟叶质量的植烟密度研究

[目的]对彰显凉山产区烟叶质量的适宜植烟密度进行研究。[方法]以云烟85为试验材料,采用小区对比试验,设置4个植烟密度处理,在2个行距移栽规格下,使用行株距进行试验。[结果]900和1000株/hm^(2)处理的农艺性状表现较好。900株/hm^(2)处理烤后烟叶的均价和上等烟比例较高,经济效益较好。900株/hm^(2)处理外观质量评价得分最高,表现较好。当行距为120 cm时,900株/hm^(2)处理总糖、还原糖含量较高,烟碱含量较高且适宜,钾氯比适宜。在行距为110 cm时,900株/hm^(2)处理烟碱含量适宜,氮碱比最接近最佳值,钾氯比最高且适宜,使得该处理化学成分表现较好。900株/hm^(2)处理烟叶香气质、香气量、余味且感官质量总分得分较高,质量档次较好。[结论]凉山烟区烟叶适宜种植密度为900株/hm^(2),该处理各指标均表现较好。

电刺激VSA对IL-1_β作用下兔POAH温敏神经元放电的影响

目的和方法：本实验采用微电极细胞外记录，在３２只新西兰兔下丘脑视前区（ＰＯＡＨ）记录温敏神经元单位放电，观察电刺激腹中膈区（ＶＳＡ）对致热原ＩＬ－１β作用下兔ＰＯＡＨ温敏神经元放电的影响。结果：（ｌ）侧脑室注射白介素－１β（ＩＬ－１β）能使ＰＯＡＨ热敏神经元放电减少，冷敏神经元放电增加；而侧脑室注射人工脑脊液（ＡＣＳＦ）对热敏神经元和冷敏神经元的放电均无明显影响。（２）电刺激ＶＳＡ可反转ＩＬ－１β对ＰＯＡＨ热敏神经元和冷敏神经元的上述作用。结论：ＶＳＡ可能作为负调节中枢参与致热原作用下的体温调节。

L波段探空判别云区方法的研究

利用2008年1月到2009年12月的L波段探空资料,和与之时空匹配的Cloudsat云观测资料,首先分析了云内和云外相对湿度的累积频率分布,发现以75%作为相对湿度阈值判断云准确率可达81%。随后利用BS(Bias Score)和TS(Threat Score)评分方法,对不同相对湿度阈值进行评分分析,发现以81%作为相对湿度阈值TS评分可达0.66,为最高。接着利用BS和TS评分方法分不同高度对相对湿度阈值进行评分分析,发现随高度的增加该高度上具有最好TS评分的相对湿度阈值在减小。利用这些阈值对云判断时,总的TS评分高于0.6,且其准确率达到84%以上,比利用单一相对湿度阈值判断云准确率要高。最后对这些阈值进行优化,得到一套适合于我国L波段探空秒数据的云垂直结构的判别方法。

运用光谱技术改进Beer-Lambert定律的定量化及其应用研究

运用简便、快捷的无损测试提供的归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)方法,对 Beer-Lambert 定律进行定量化改进,构建了以 NDVI 为自变量的 LAI 预测模型,并采用不同年份、不同株型的玉米数据对其改进结果进行检验。结果表明,当生长 55 d 时,叶向值(LOV)显著不同的 3 种株型的 NDVI、LAI 和消光系数 K 的差异均最大;披散型(LOV≤30°)NDVI 饱和点的出现较中间型和紧凑型为早;利用 NDVI 改进 Beer-Lambert 定律的定量预测模型能够敏感反映植株冠层结构参数的动态变化,且最适用于紧凑型品种。随着玉米育种目标更偏向培育偏紧凑型品种,其改进结果在育种栽培实际中更有利用价值。