茶叶成分EGCG与L-theanine联合应用的神经保护作用研究

分化的神经细胞需要在细胞静息状态下维护轴突的生长和功能。前期研究显示,表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)和L-茶氨酸(L-theanine)能够维持神经细胞的静息状态并具有神经修复作用,但具体的作用机制还不清楚。在Aβ_(25-35)诱导的PC12细胞损伤模型中,EGCG和L-theanine联合处理改善细胞代谢和修复能力,提高了细胞活力,表现显著的协同作用。转录组和网络药理学分析结果表明,EGCG主要通过抑制氧化应激、调节脂肪酸代谢和淀粉样蛋白毒性应激来维持细胞静息态;L-theanine则通过促进轴突生长、调节神经代谢和突触功能发挥作用。两者联合应用对细胞网络的调节更为广泛和温和,减少对细胞的刺激作用。本研究为茶叶的神经保护作用及其在老龄化社会中的饮用价值提供了理论依据。

L-theanine: A potential multifaceted natural bioactive amide as health supplement

Natural bioactive compounds from plants are of great importance in modern therapeutics,which are used to prepare antibiotics, growth supplements or some other therapeutics. Ltheanine is such a bioactive amide amino acid presented in different plants and fungi,especially in tea. Theanine has influential effects on lifestyle associated diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, stress relief, tumor suppression,menstruation and liver injury. This amino acid can maintain normal sleep and improve memory function and nullify effect of the neurotoxins. The rate of bioavailability and its medium of ingestion in the body is one of the great concerns for its additional antioxidant properties. Pharmacokinetics of the bioactive compound and its mode of action are described herewith. The biosynthesis and industrial synthesis are also reviewed to promote accelerated production of this bioactive compound in the pharmaceutical industries.

Efficient Production of L-Theanine Using Immobilized Recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i>Cells Expressing a Modified γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase Gene from <i>Pseudomonas nitroreducens</i>

L-Theanine (γ-glutamylethylamide) is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative known to have several beneficial physiological effects as a diet supplement, and to give an umami taste when used as a food additive. The compound is industrially produced by γ-glutamyltranspeptidase from Pseudomonas nitroreducens (PnGGT). Using recombinant PnGGT, we have shown previously that Trp385, Phe417, and Trp525 are key amino acid residues for recognition of acceptor substrates at the PnGGT active site. Here, we demonstrate that a recombinant W525D mutant of PnGGT produces L-theanine from ethylamine and L-glutamine more efficiently than wild-type PnGGT, attributable to an increased ratio of transfer activity to hydrolysis activity. An efficient production of L-theanine was achieved by immobilizing Escherichia coli cells expressing the W525D PnGGT mutant (E. coli-W525D) using 2% alginate as the supporting material. The highest L-theanine production using immobilized E. coli-W525D, representing a conversion rate of 90%, was achieved in optimal reaction conditions of pH 10, 40°C, and a substrate molar ratio of L-glutamine to ethylamine of 1:10. The immobilized E. coli-W525D retains 85% and 78% relative activity after storage for a month at 4°C and room temperature, respectively. Immobilized E. coli-W525D thus has strong potential for use in the future commercial production of L-theanine on a large scale.

外源添加L-脯氨酸对棉花黄萎病发生及其根际土壤微生物群落的影响

【目的】根系分泌物是植物与土壤微生物进行互作的信号媒介,对于植物病害发生和植株生长均具有重要调控功能。论文旨在明确棉花根系分泌物L-脯氨酸抵御棉花黄萎病发生的微生态机制,揭示L-脯氨酸介导的根际微生物与棉花黄萎病发生的互作关系,为构建生物防治土传病害的有益菌群提供新视角。【方法】通过温室盆栽试验,以外源添加不同浓度的L-脯氨酸(0、50、100、200和400 mmol·L^(-1))为试验处理,采用实时荧光定量PCR(real-time qPCR)和宏基因组测序技术分别测定不同处理的土壤中大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)DNA拷贝数量和土壤微生物群落结构及功能,采用主成分分析比较不同处理的根际土壤微生物群落结构,利用冗余分析研究土壤养分因子与微生物群落结构的相关性,利用斯皮尔曼相关分析研究微生物群落结构功能代谢途径的相关性。【结果】与空白对照相比,低浓度(50 mmol·L^(-1))L-脯氨酸处理不能够减轻棉花黄萎病的发生,高浓度(100、200和400 mmol·L^(-1))L-脯氨酸处理的病情指数分别下降22.51%、60.23%和64.23%。qPCR结果表明,L-脯氨酸处理不能够显著降低土壤中大丽轮枝菌拷贝数量。宏基因组测序分析表明,L-脯氨酸处理后细菌多样性Shannon指数显著增加,真菌多样性Shannon指数呈下降趋势。在属水平上,L-脯氨酸处理后类诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、Phycicoccus、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和毛霉菌属(Mucor)的相对丰度呈上升趋势。线性判别分析表明,除浓度为100 mmol·L^(-1)的L-脯氨酸外,外源添加L-脯氨酸处理后根际土壤微生物KEGG通路的富集情况发生改变。冗余分析表明,细菌群落组成受pH、电导率、硝态氮、铵态氮和有机质显著影响,而真菌群落组成与铵态氮存在显著相关性。Spearman相关分析表明,细菌的KEGG代谢通路与pH、有机质、铵态氮含量呈负相关关系,而与电导率和硝态氮呈正相关关系;真菌的大部分KEGG代谢通路与土壤养分的相关性较差。【结论】外源添加适量L-脯氨酸通过改变土壤细菌群落结构和功能,增加有益微生物的相对丰度,从而影响棉花黄萎病的发生,但其不能够改变病原菌数量。同时,根际细菌群落组成和功能均与土壤养分存在相关性。

Γ-半群的L-反模糊理想

给出了L-反模糊子半群和L-反模糊Γ-子半群的定义,并研究了Γ-半群的L-反模糊理想的基本性质.进一步得到Γ-半群的L-模糊子集是L-反模糊双Γ-理想的充分必要条件.

食用菌中L-色氨酸HPLC检测方法的建立

建立了高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定食用菌中L-色氨酸含量的方法,并进行了方法学验证。采用Acclaim^(TM)120 C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0.05 moL·L^(-1)乙酸钠缓冲液(用冰乙酸将pH调至4.0~5.0)和纯甲醇为流动相(体积比为70∶30)等度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长为280 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。结果显示L-色氨酸在4~100μg·mL^(-1)线性关系良好,R^(2)>0.9955。精密度、重复性、24 h内稳定性的相对标准偏差均小于15%(n=6),加标回收率为87.5%(相对标准偏差为0.63%)。说明建立的高效液相色谱检测方法简单、快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、分离度好,适用于食用菌中L-色氨酸含量的测定。

湿法热解法制备L-焦谷氨酸的工艺优化研究

采用湿法热解法,以L-谷氨酸为原料,探究L-焦谷氨酸的制备工艺条件。通过单因素和正交试验对反应的条件进行优化,确定了制备L-焦谷氨酸的最佳工艺条件是反应时间4 h、加水量15 g、反应温度150℃,此时所得L-谷氨酸的转化率为97.37%。这种方法是用水作为反应载体,无需催化剂与压力等条件,既节能减排,又产量高,为清洁高效生产L-焦谷氨酸提供了一定的理论指导和实验数据参考。

基于纳米银/聚L-谷氨酸修饰玻碳电极的电化学传感器用于泡菜中亚硝酸钠含量的测定

采用电沉积和电聚合的方式,将纳米银和L-谷氨酸修饰在玻碳电极上,制得纳米银/聚L-谷氨酸修饰玻碳电极(Poly-L-Glu/Nano-Ag/GCE)。以0.2 mol·L^(-1)磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 7.0)为支持电解质,以Poly-L-Glu/Nano-Ag/GCE为工作电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,铂电极为辅助电极,在最佳检测条件下,采用循环伏安法进行测定。结果表明:Poly-L-Glu/Nano-Ag/GCE对亚硝酸钠具有较好的选择性,亚硝酸钠的浓度在4.14×10^(-6)~1.35×10^(-3) mol·L^(-1)内与对应的氧化峰电流的绝对值呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为4.14×10^(-7) mol·L^(-1),并且该电极的制备方法具有较好的重复性。将PolyL-Glu/Nano-Ag/GCE用于泡菜样品中亚硝酸钠的测定,检出量为1.33×10^(-5) mol·L^(-1),加标回收率为98.9%~103%。

水果及其制品中L-苹果酸和D-苹果酸含量测定

应用高效液相色谱仪,以苹果、梨、橙鲜果和苹果汁、桃罐头、蓝莓果酱、苹果脆片为试材,建立了水果及其制品中L-苹果酸和D-苹果酸含量的检测方法。通过对流动相、色谱柱、检测波长、柱温和流速的筛选和优化,确定了最佳的检测条件。结果表明:苹果酸的2种对映异构体浓度在0.02~1.0 mg/mL具有良好的线性关系;L-苹果酸和D-苹果酸在水果及其制品中添加回收率在81.2%~112.3%,5次平行试验的相对标准偏差均小于10%,反映本标准方法具有良好的准确性,能满足实际检测需要。该方法准确度高、重现性好,适用于水果及其制品中L-苹果酸和D-苹果酸含量的测定。

Expression of the DNA-repair protein XRCC1 and DNA-repair enzyme Ku70 mRNA in the rat cerebral cortex following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion Is this correlated with neuroprotective effects of theanine?

BACKGROUND： Numerous studies have shown that apoptosis, caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, is a dynamic evolving process that occurs in a time-dependent fashion. Non-apoptotic cells can result in apoptosis, with a prolonged reperfusion period and an accumulation of DNA damage. Recent studies have indicated that theanine has a protective effect on the brain. Nonetheless, there is no research relating to whether theanine is neuroprotective following brain injury. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of theanine on apoptosis in the cerebral cortex and mRNA expression of the DNA repair protein, XRCC1, and DNA repair enzyme, Ku70, at various time points following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled animal study was performed at the Pharmacological Laboratory of Animal Experimental Center of Xi＇an Jiaotong University, China, from April to October 2007. MATERIALS： Theanine （Wuhan Remote Technology Co., Ltd., China）, XRCC1, Ku70 and GAPDH primers （Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology ＆ Services Co., Ltd., China） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 108 healthy, male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion and theanine groups. Each group was further divided into 6 subgroups, with six rats in each, according to reperfusion time （2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours）. Rat models of global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were established by the four-vessel occlusion method. Theanine （1 000 mg/kg） was injected into the caudal vein of rats in the theanine group immediately after surgery. Saline （4 mL/kg） was used in the sham operation and ischemia/reperfusion groups. The same dose was administered every 24 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Flow cytometry was employed to determine apoptosis of cerebral cortical neurons. Real-time reverse transcdption-polymerase chain reaction was applied to quantify the expression of XRCC1 and Ku70 mRNA in the cerebral cortex. RESULTS： The apoptotic rate in the ischemia/reperfusion group was significantly greater compared with the sham operation group at various time points （P 〈 0.05）. The apoptotic rate in the theanine group was significantly diminished compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group, but significantly increased compared with the sham operation group at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours （P 〈 0.05）. Expression of XRCC1 and Ku70 mRNA was significantly decreased in the ischemia/reperfusion group compared with the sham operation group at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours （P 〈 0.05）. The relative expression of XRCC1 mRNA in the theanine group was significantly increased compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group, but significantly reduced compared with the sham operation group at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours （P 〈 0.05）. The relative expression of Ku70 mRNA was significantly lower in the theanine group compared with the sham operation group at 2, 6 and 12 hours （P〈 0.05） and significantly greater than the ischemia/reperfusion group at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The apoptotic rate in rats following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury reaches a peak at 24 hours after reperfusion; however, the levels of DNA repair protein began to decrease after only 2 hours of reperfusion. Theanine antagonizes the decrease in XRCC1 and Ku70 mRNA expression in the rat cerebral cortex during global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

金纳米“关-开”型荧光探针测定三价铁离子和L-赖氨酸

以N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸为配体,通过硼氢化钠还原氯金酸合成单层修饰的、水溶性良好的金纳米簇(AuNCs),采用TEM、FTIR、UV-Vis和PL等分析测试技术对AuNCs的形貌特征和光学性质进行了考察。实验结果表明,该AuNCs具有优良的荧光性能,当激发波长为520 nm时,其最大发射波长为620 nm。研究发现,Fe^(3+)能强烈猝灭AuNCs的荧光,而加入L-赖氨酸后,AuNCs的荧光被恢复。AuNCs的荧光猝灭和恢复的程度与Fe^(3+)和L-赖氨酸的浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系,Fe^(3+)和L-赖氨酸的线性范围分别为11.65~163.35μmol·L^(-1)和13.36~266.64μmol·L^(-1),检出限分别为1.65μmol·L^(-1)和1.28μmol·L^(-1)。本研究建立了一种基于AuNCs荧光的“关-开”型传感体系依次用于Fe^(3+)和L-赖氨酸的检测,该方法具有简单、快速、准确度高、灵敏度高、选择性好等优点。

高效液相色谱法对N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸生产工艺的中间物监控分析

为了探讨在生产N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸时,中间物料对产品质量的影响,试验研究了在采用乙酸酐乙酰化生产N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸过程中,对中间产生物料L-酪氨酸、N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸和N,O-二乙酰-L-酪氨酸的中控分析并测定它们的含量。具体方法是:把样品用超纯水稀释100倍后,在色谱柱(C_(18),150mm×4.6mm,5μm)上进行分离,以10mmol·L^(-1)磷酸盐(pH3.0)-甲醇(60:40,V/V)为流动相进行等度洗脱,在波长270nm处进行紫外检测。结果表明:L-酪氨酸、N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸、N,0-二乙酰-L-酪氨酸的质量浓度分别在10~1000mg·L^(-1),10~1000mg·L^(-1),50~1000mg·L^(-1)内与对应的峰面积呈现线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为1.1mg L^(-1),1.2mg·L^(-1),14.0mg·L^(-1);对实际样品进行加标回收试验,回收率分别在98.4%~105.0%,98.5%~100.8%,98.9%~100.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)分别为1.8%、0.7%和0.9%,均小于2.0%。说明所建立的高效液相方法切实可行,重现好,精密度高,可用于乙酰酪氨酸生产工艺中间物的监控分析。

Extraction of Theanine from Waste Liquid of Tea Polyphenol Production in Aqueous Two-phase Systems with Cationic and Anionic Surfactants

Extraction of theanine from waste liquid of tea polyphenol production was studied in aqueous surfactanttwo-phase system （ASTP） with cationic surfactant （CTAB） and anionic surfactant （SDS）. Results indicate that the region of ASTP is narrow and there is only a two-phase region of cationic surfactant. The increase in concentrations of NaBr and Na2SO4 are beneficial to the formation of ASTP. Theanine concentration in the bottom phase increases with increasing concentration of theanine, whereas the Partition coefficient and extraction rate only change a littlewhen the concentration of theanine is above 0.2 g.L-＇. With the increase of SDS concentration, the phase ratio and the partition coefficient decrease, while the extraction efficiency of theanine increases and the concentration of theanine changes a little in the range from 2.4/7.5 to 2.8/7.2 for SDS/CTAB ratio. The temperature has a notable ef- fect on the concentration of theanine in the bottom phase, partition coefficient and extraction rate of theanine. The increase of waste liquid decreases the phase ratio, increases the concentration and extraction rate of theanine in the bottom ohase, since the orotein and the saccharide enter the bottom nhase with theanine.

注射用全氟丁烷微球超声造影联合血清αL-岩藻糖苷酶和叉头框蛋白A1及簇集蛋白对小肝癌和肝脏局灶性结节增生的鉴别价值

目的探讨注射用全氟丁烷微球超声造影联合血清αL-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)、叉头框蛋白A1(FOXA1)、簇集蛋白对小肝癌和肝脏局灶性结节增生(FNH)的鉴别价值。方法选取2021年3月至2024年3月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的264例小肝癌或FNH可疑患者,根据病理检查结果分为小肝癌组(87例)和FNH组(177例)。采用注射用全氟丁烷微球超声造影检查比较相关参数。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测和比较血清AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白表达。绘制受试者工作特征曲线分析血清AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白对小肝癌及FNH的诊断价值。采用四格表分析注射用全氟丁烷微球超声造影联合血清AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白对小肝癌及FNH的鉴别价值。结果小肝癌组对比剂早于周围到达、对比剂灌注缺损、动脉期增强后扩大>10%占比均高于FNH组,Kupffer相有高增强环占比低于FNH组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。小肝癌组血清AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白水平均高于FNH组[(64±6)U/L比(36±5)U/L,(18.4±2.5)μg/L比(13.3±2.2)μg/L,(120±16)μg/L比(84±14)μg/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=38.944、16.829、18.925,均P<0.001)。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示血清AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白诊断小肝癌和FNH的曲线下面积为0.895(95%置信区间:0.857~0.934)、0.900(95%置信区间:0.861~0.940)、0.866(95%置信区间:0.820~0.913),三者联合诊断小肝癌和FNH的曲线下面积为0.979(95%置信区间:0.965~0.994)。注射用全氟丁烷微球超声造影检测小肝癌和FNH的准确度高于AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白单独检测,略低于四者联合检测。结论注射用全氟丁烷微球超声造影联合血清AFU、FOXA1、簇集蛋白可提高对小肝癌和FNH的鉴别价值。

血清L-Arg和IL-4水平预测症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发缺血性脑卒中的价值

目的探讨血清L-精氨酸(L-Arg)和白细胞介素(IL)4水平预测症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发缺血性脑卒中(IS)的价值。方法选取2018年7月—2021年7月西安交通大学第一附属医院、咸阳市第一人民医院和延安大学咸阳医院症状性颈动脉狭窄患者196例。收集所有患者的临床资料,采用多普勒超声检查颈动脉狭窄程度、颈动脉斑块性状和斑块新生血管密度相关参数[基线强度、峰值强度和时间-强度曲线的曲线下面积(AUCTC)],并检测血清L-Arg和IL-4水平。对所有患者随访12个月,根据是否再发IS分为再发组(35例)和未再发组(161例)。采用Logistic回归分析评估症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发IS的危险因素。采用Pearson相关分析评估各项指标之间的相关性。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价L-Arg和IL-4水平判断症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发IS的效能。结果再发组峰值强度、AUCTC、颈动脉狭窄率高于未再发组(P<0.001),血清L-Arg和IL-4水平均低于未再发组(P<0.05)。血清L-Arg和IL-4水平与峰值强度、AUCTC和颈动脉狭窄率均呈负相关(P<0.05)。L-Arg降低、IL-4降低、峰值强度增加、AUCTC增加、颈动脉重度狭窄、高血脂和易损斑块均是症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发IS的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。血清L-Arg、IL-4单项检测和联合检测判断症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发IS的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.803、0.760、0.845。根据L-Arg和IL-4的最佳临界值将所有患者分别分为降低组和未降低组。L-Arg降低组和IL-4降低组易损斑块所占比例分别高于L-Arg未降低组和IL-4未降低组(P<0.001)。结论低水平L-Arg和IL-4与症状性颈动脉狭窄患者再发IS有关,或可作为IS再发的预测指标。

Effect of Seasons on Theanine Levels in Different Kenyan Commercially Released Tea Cultivars and Its Variation in Different Parts of the Tea Shoot

A study was conducted to determine the effect of seasons in 23 different Kenyan commercially released tea cultivars. This was done for three seasons viz: cold and wet, cold and humid, hot and dry. The cold and wet season was shown to be the best for obtaining high levels of theanine while the hot and dry season resulted in decrease in theanine levels in most of the test cultivars thus showing seasonal variation on the levels of theanine. Theanine content was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). On average, TRFK 31/8 contained 1.20% dw of theanine and highest in green tea while TRFK 56/89 contained 0.97% dw of theanine and highest in black tea. Green tea contained higher theanine levels than black tea and this has been shown in most of the test cultivars. To achieve the health benefits of theanine, one should drink 4 cups of tea brewed from cultivars with 0.63% dw and more of theanine. Also theanine levels were determined in the different partitions of the tea shoot (4 leaves + bud) and the internode contained the highest theanine levels up to 3.26% dw for both cultivars compared to the leafy partitions.

Effect of Sunlight Exposure and Different Withering Durations on Theanine Levels in Tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i>)

Theanine is a non-protein amino acid representing as much as 50% of the total amino acids in black tea and 1% - 2% of dry weight in green tea. It has been shown to be able to reduce high blood pressure, promote relaxation, and inhibit caffeine’s side effects among others. This current study explored the effects of sunlight and withering durations on theanine levels in tea shoots. Theanine content from three leaves and a bud, two leaves and a bud and internodes were detected and quantified by using High Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sunlight exposure experiment was started at dawn (0600 HRS, GMT + 3.00) when the light intensity was low and tea was collected at three-hour interval throughout the day to (1800 Hrs, GMT + 3.00) when the light intensity had dropped. At the start of the experiment, the theanine levels were significantly high but as the intensity of sunlight increased during the day there was a significant drop in theanine levels, and as the sun set the theanine levels increased significantly again in all samples. The results also showed that theanine levels were significantly increased after 15 hours of withering. Three leaves and a bud withered for 3 hours had mean theanine levels of 1.41% and those withered for 15 hours had mean theanine levels of 3.11%. Internodes exhibited higher mean theanine levels than those of leaves. In the light of these results, it’s evident that withering for a longer period of time and harvesting of tea when the light intensity is low ensure high amount of theanine in tea.

L-抗坏血酸联合超声处理对鲜切芋艿贮藏品质的影响

为探究L-抗坏血酸(L-ascorbic acid,AA)联合超声(ultrasound,US)(AS)处理对鲜切芋艿片贮藏品质的影响,本实验以永定六月红芋为材料,采用质量分数为2%的AA溶液浸泡15 min后,进行US(53 kHz、400 W、10 min)处理,测定贮藏期间鲜切芋艿感官品质及褐变相关酶等指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,AS处理可以降低鲜切芋艿的失水率,维持较高的硬度,延缓褐变指数升高,降低细胞膜通透性,抑制丙二醛含量累积,抑制表面微生物繁殖,从而维持鲜切芋艿较高的感官品质;与对照组相比,贮藏期间AS处理组还能维持较高的过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性,降低过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性,抑制酚类物质消耗速率,并减缓淀粉、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物等营养物质的流失速率,抑制可溶性醌的积累,延缓风味劣变。上述结果表明,AS处理能够保持鲜切芋艿较好的贮藏品质。

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯与L-茶氨酸对乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶活性的体外协同作用

目的探究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)与L-茶氨酸对乙醇脱氢酶(alcohol dehydrogenase,ADH)和乙醛脱氢酶(acetaldehyde dehydrogenase,ALDH)活性的体外协同作用。方法设置不同浓度及组分,以0μg/mL实验组为对照,先后进行单因素实验和最优组合验证实验,通过对ADH、ALDH活性的检测,确认EGCG、L-茶氨酸不同剂量的解酒效果并探究其最佳配比。结果单因素实验中,样品质量浓度为200、300μg/mL实验组相较于0μg/mL浓度组,随着EGCG和L-茶氨酸的添加,ADH和ALDH活性显著高于空白组(P<0.05);最优组合验证实验中,11组不同配比组合物对ADH和ALDH活性均具有促进作用,且协同组比单因素组激活效果要更好。其中,当配比组合物为7:3时,ADH、ALDH的活性最高。结论EGCG、L-茶氨酸解酒组合物最佳配比为7:3时ADH与ALDH活性最高,研究结果为EGCG、L-茶氨酸组合物用于抗醉酒药物研发提供科学依据。

Theanine combined with cisplatin inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of TNBC cells through Akt signaling pathway

Background:Theanine,was natural compounds,has been employed in antibacterial,antineoplastic,promotion of hair growth,therapy of poliosis,and removing pattogenic heat from the blood and toxic material from the body for centuries.However,few reports focused on the treatment by theanine combined with chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer.Methods:Our study aimed to evaluate and compare the molecular and cellular effects of theanine in combination with cisplatin in triple negative breast cancer lines MDA-MB-231.The 50%inhibitory concentration and cell viability were determined by the cell counting kit-8 assay.Meanwhile,wound healing and transwell assays were used to evaluate the effect of theanine combination with cisplatin on triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)cell metastasis.Moreover,the label-free proteomic method was available to explore the molecular mechanism of theanine combination with cisplatin on TNBC cells.What’s more,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were carried out to evaluate the related protein and mRNA alteration in the Akt signaling pathway.Results:With theanine added,the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on cell proliferation and metastasis was significantly improved.Meanwhile,with the increase of theanine concentration,the anti-tumor effect of the combination group was also significantly improved.Afterward,label-free proteomics analysis showed that theanine combined with cisplatin could significantly activate the Akt signaling pathway,thus improving the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin.Finally,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting experiment showed that the combination of cisplatin with theanine induced the greatest down-regulation of phosphorylated Akt expression.Conclusion:All in all,combining theanine with appears to be a promising strategy for the effective treatment of TNBC in the prospective application which merits further clinical investigation.