Amaranthus retroflexus L. is a serious and widespread malignant weed in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of A. retroflexus L. seeds and the physiological response of its ...Amaranthus retroflexus L. is a serious and widespread malignant weed in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of A. retroflexus L. seeds and the physiological response of its seedlings to acifluorfen sodium can provide a basis for further researches on its resistance mechanism. Using newly harvested and stored A. retroflexus L. seeds for one year as experimental materials, the effects of different concentrations of HCl, NaOH, water temperature, gibberellic acid(GA) and polyethylene glycol(PEG) on the dormancy and germination of A. retroflexus L. seeds were studied. The sensitivity of A. retroflexus L.to acifluorfen sodium was determined using bioassay. The effects on leaf chlorophyll content and target enzyme activity were studied at a normal dosage of 360 g a.i. hm^(-2) and a doubling dosage of 720 g a.i. hm^(-2) of acifluorfen sodium. Newly harvested seeds exhibiting dormancy were soaked in water of various temperatures and in different concentrations of NaOH and HCl, which were ineffective in breaking the seed dormancy. GA could break seed dormancy, and the highest seed germination rate reached 93.33% when they were soaked at 3 000 mg·L^(-1) for 72 h and 4 000 mg·L^(-1) for 48 h. The drought stress was simulated with a 15%-25% polyethylene glycol solution, which had no significant effect on the seed germination rate. The GR_(50) value of acifluorfen sodium for A. retroflexus L. was 705.7 g a.i. hm^(-2), which was 1.96 times the recommended dose in the field. After the application of different doses of acifluorfen sodium, the chlorophyll content of A. retroflexus L. reached its minimum value 3 days after treatment(DAT), and then gradually increased. The activity of the target enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase(PPO) reached the highest value at 7 DAT under different dosages, and gradually returned to normal levels thereafter. Soaking with gibberellin was an effective method to break seed dormancy. A. retroflexus L. seeds had certain drought resistance during the germination process. A. retroflexus L. was not sensitive to acifluorfen sodium and acifluorfen sodium ether, and could not effectively inhibit the PPO activity, indicating that A. retroflexus L. had target resistance to acifluorfen sodium.展开更多
The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Magnolia grandiflora L.seed essential oil were examined.By combining gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GC-MS）,16 types of compounds were identified,includ...The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Magnolia grandiflora L.seed essential oil were examined.By combining gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GC-MS）,16 types of compounds were identified,including 40.91% oxygen-containing terpene derivatives,19.51% terpenes,13.97% esters,13.05% nitrogenous compounds,and 3.64% acids.Its capability of removing hydroxyl free radical was lower than that of V c,but it was closer to V c with increasing concentration.In cell experiment,all essential oil concentration （6.9,13.8,27.7,55.5,111.0,and 222.0 g/mL） groups increased cell proliferation by 26% or more （26.0%,38.8%,44.8%,40.2%,35.8%,and 30.4%,respectively）.In rat experiment,the SD rats group showed an at least 38% rise （38.62%,61.68%,and 62.86%,respectively） in glutathione-peroxisome （GSH-Px）activity,which is more than 24% reduction （29.56%,24.30%,and 36.93%） in malondialdehyde （MDA） content,and no significant difference in SOD activity was found.The results show that the essential oil had strong antioxidant activity,without dose effect within the concentration range.展开更多
在沙棘籽油提取过程中,经粉碎干燥后的籽料颗粒是一种开放体系,脂滴以游离形式存在,采用油红O(Oil Red O,ORO)对其进行染色时,常规方法一次性滴加染液的方式以及后续的洗脱步骤均会导致脂滴迁移、过染等问题出现。研究构建了逐级染色法...在沙棘籽油提取过程中,经粉碎干燥后的籽料颗粒是一种开放体系,脂滴以游离形式存在,采用油红O(Oil Red O,ORO)对其进行染色时,常规方法一次性滴加染液的方式以及后续的洗脱步骤均会导致脂滴迁移、过染等问题出现。研究构建了逐级染色法,采用少量多次滴加染液的方式,并优化了染色间隔时间为1.5 min,染色级数和染液浓度可根据样品的实际油含量进行调整,因而能够客观地显影脂滴在籽料颗粒内的分布状态。以此构建的面积占比法可用于精确测定籽料中的油脂含量,其准确度与萃取质量法相当,两者的相关系数为0.998,并具有较高重现性,相对标准偏差约为2.49%。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Major Special Project for the Cultivation of New Genetically Modified Biological Varieties(Topic ZX08011-003)。
文摘Amaranthus retroflexus L. is a serious and widespread malignant weed in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of A. retroflexus L. seeds and the physiological response of its seedlings to acifluorfen sodium can provide a basis for further researches on its resistance mechanism. Using newly harvested and stored A. retroflexus L. seeds for one year as experimental materials, the effects of different concentrations of HCl, NaOH, water temperature, gibberellic acid(GA) and polyethylene glycol(PEG) on the dormancy and germination of A. retroflexus L. seeds were studied. The sensitivity of A. retroflexus L.to acifluorfen sodium was determined using bioassay. The effects on leaf chlorophyll content and target enzyme activity were studied at a normal dosage of 360 g a.i. hm^(-2) and a doubling dosage of 720 g a.i. hm^(-2) of acifluorfen sodium. Newly harvested seeds exhibiting dormancy were soaked in water of various temperatures and in different concentrations of NaOH and HCl, which were ineffective in breaking the seed dormancy. GA could break seed dormancy, and the highest seed germination rate reached 93.33% when they were soaked at 3 000 mg·L^(-1) for 72 h and 4 000 mg·L^(-1) for 48 h. The drought stress was simulated with a 15%-25% polyethylene glycol solution, which had no significant effect on the seed germination rate. The GR_(50) value of acifluorfen sodium for A. retroflexus L. was 705.7 g a.i. hm^(-2), which was 1.96 times the recommended dose in the field. After the application of different doses of acifluorfen sodium, the chlorophyll content of A. retroflexus L. reached its minimum value 3 days after treatment(DAT), and then gradually increased. The activity of the target enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase(PPO) reached the highest value at 7 DAT under different dosages, and gradually returned to normal levels thereafter. Soaking with gibberellin was an effective method to break seed dormancy. A. retroflexus L. seeds had certain drought resistance during the germination process. A. retroflexus L. was not sensitive to acifluorfen sodium and acifluorfen sodium ether, and could not effectively inhibit the PPO activity, indicating that A. retroflexus L. had target resistance to acifluorfen sodium.
基金Supported by the Foundation of National Agriculture Bureau of China for the Key Research Program (2004.NO.514)
文摘The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Magnolia grandiflora L.seed essential oil were examined.By combining gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GC-MS）,16 types of compounds were identified,including 40.91% oxygen-containing terpene derivatives,19.51% terpenes,13.97% esters,13.05% nitrogenous compounds,and 3.64% acids.Its capability of removing hydroxyl free radical was lower than that of V c,but it was closer to V c with increasing concentration.In cell experiment,all essential oil concentration （6.9,13.8,27.7,55.5,111.0,and 222.0 g/mL） groups increased cell proliferation by 26% or more （26.0%,38.8%,44.8%,40.2%,35.8%,and 30.4%,respectively）.In rat experiment,the SD rats group showed an at least 38% rise （38.62%,61.68%,and 62.86%,respectively） in glutathione-peroxisome （GSH-Px）activity,which is more than 24% reduction （29.56%,24.30%,and 36.93%） in malondialdehyde （MDA） content,and no significant difference in SOD activity was found.The results show that the essential oil had strong antioxidant activity,without dose effect within the concentration range.
文摘在沙棘籽油提取过程中,经粉碎干燥后的籽料颗粒是一种开放体系,脂滴以游离形式存在,采用油红O(Oil Red O,ORO)对其进行染色时,常规方法一次性滴加染液的方式以及后续的洗脱步骤均会导致脂滴迁移、过染等问题出现。研究构建了逐级染色法,采用少量多次滴加染液的方式,并优化了染色间隔时间为1.5 min,染色级数和染液浓度可根据样品的实际油含量进行调整,因而能够客观地显影脂滴在籽料颗粒内的分布状态。以此构建的面积占比法可用于精确测定籽料中的油脂含量,其准确度与萃取质量法相当,两者的相关系数为0.998,并具有较高重现性,相对标准偏差约为2.49%。
