Isolation,purification,structural characteristic and antioxidative property of polysaccharides from A.cepa L.var.agrogatum Don

Allium cepa L.var.agrogatum Don(ALAP)is commonly consumed in China as well as other regions and has various beneficial health effects.A novel acidic polysaccharide(named ALAP-21)was obtained from ALAP by ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction and purification using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 columns.The monosaccharide composition,structural and antioxidative properties of ALAP-21 were investigated by GC–MS chromatography,FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies and three antioxidative activity tests in vitro.The results showed that ALAP-21 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose,galacturonic acid,mannose,galactose,arabinose,rhamnose,xylose,fructose and glucuronic acid with a relative molar ratio of 26.282:27.546:11.400:4.781:2.467:2.445:3.622:1.106:1.753,owning(1→4)-β-d-Glcp,(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA,(1→4)-β-d-Galp6OMe,(1→2)-β-l-Rhap,(1→4)-β-d-Manp glycosidic linkages.(1→4)-β-d-Glcp and(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA residues might be the main components of the sugar chain backbone of ALAP-21.Furthermore,ALAP-21 exhibited high potential for DPPH radicals(82.02%),hydroxyl radicals(53.33%)and superoxide anion radicals(50.28%).These results provide a reference for further research and rational development of ALAP polysaccharides.

中国水仙(Narcissus tazetta L.var.Chinesis Roem)开花生理研究——Ⅰ.中国水仙的生物学特性及花芽分化的规律

中国水仙是多花水仙,具有较高的观赏价值,是我国传统出口珍贵花卉,在我国主要分布于漳州、崇明等地区.近年来,广东潮汕、广州郊区等地引种漳州水仙时均出现不同程度的退化现象,表现为鳞茎小、重量轻、花序数和总小花数均明显减少.针对这种情况,我们从1982年以来对中国水仙的生物学特性、生长发育。

Bio-productivity of Pinus sylvestris L.var. mongolica plantation on west Kerqin sandy land

The biomass and net primary production of Mongolian scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L. var mongolica) plantations of west Kerqin sandy land were measured. According to average standard trees, the biomass, netprimary production and their distributions of trunk, bark, branch, leaf and root of 16-year-old stand were analyzed.The regressive equation for the estimation of each organ biomass was established through djmensional analysis.Preferable equation with higher precision was selected. The study results showed that the total biomass of theforest community was 62.023 t/hm2 and net primary production was 5.045 V(hm2. a). which indicates that thecommunity of plantation possesses high bio-productivity.

Effects of Chlorine Dioxide Gas on Postharvest Physiology and Storage Quality of Green Bell Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.var.Longrum)

The effects of treatment of chlorine dioxide （C1Oz） gas on postharvest physiology and preservation quality of green bell peppers were studied. Green bell peppers were collected in bags and treated with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mg L^-1 ClO2 gas at 10±0.5℃ for over 40 d, and the changes in postharvest physiology and preservation quality of the peppers were evaluated during the storage. The inhibition of rot of the peppers was observed for all the tested ClO2 gas treatments. The rot rates of the treated samples were 50% lesser than those of the control after day 40 of storage. The highest inhibitory effect was obtained after 50 mg L^-1 ClO2 gas treatment, where the peppers did not decay until day 30 and showed only one-fourth of the rot rate of the control at day 40 of storage. The respiratory activity of the peppers was significantly （P〈0.05） inhibited by 20 and 50 mg L^-1 ClO2 treatments, whereas no significant effects on respiratory activity were observed with 5 and 10 mg L^-1 ClO2 treatments （P〉0.05）. Except for 50 mg L^-1 ClO2, malondialdenyde （MDA） contents in the peppers treated with 5, 10, or 20 mg L^-1 ClO2 were not significantly （P〉0.05） different from those in the control. Degradation of chlorophyll in the peppers was delayed by 5 mg L-1ClO2, but promoted by 10, 20, or 50 mg L^-1 ClO2. The vitamin C content, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids of the peppers treated by all the tested ClO2 gas did not significantly change during the storage. The results suggested that ClO2 gas treatment effectively delayed the postharvest physiological transformation of green peppers, inhibited decay and respiration, maintained some nutritional and sensory quality, and retarded MDA accumulation.

Protection of Veratrum nigrum L.var.ussuriense Nakai alkaloids against ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver

AIM: To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of Veratrum nigrum L.var. ussuriense Nakai alkaloids (VnA) on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 in each): (A) Control group (the sham operation group); (B) I/R group (pretreated with normal saline); (C) Small-dose (10 mg/kg) VnA pretreatment group; (D) Large-dose (20 mg/kg) VnA pretreatment group. Hepatic ischemia/ reperfusion (Hepatic I/R) was induced by occlusion of the portal vein and the hepatic artery for 90 min, followed by reperfusion for 240 min. The pretreatment groups were administered with VnA intraperitoneally, 30 min before surgery, while the control group and I/R group were given equal volumes of normal saline. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) content in the liver tissue at the end of reperfusion were determined and liver function was measured. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin (ES) were detected by immunohistochemical examinations and Western blot analyses. RESULTS: The results showed that hepatic I/R elicited a significant increase in the plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT: 74.53 ± 2.58 IU/L vs 1512.54 ± 200.76 IU/L, P < 0.01) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH: 473.48 ± 52.17 IU/L vs 5821.53 ± 163.69 IU/L, P < 0.01), as well as the levels of MPO (1.97 ± 0.11U/g vs 2.57 ± 0.13 U/g, P < 0.01) and NO (69.37 ± 1.52 mmol/g protein vs 78.39 ± 2.28 mmol/g protein, P < 0.01) in the liver tissue, all of which were reduced by pretreatment with VnA, respectively (ALT: 1512.54 ± 200.76 IU/L vs 977.93 ± 89.62 IU/L, 909.81 ± 132.76 IU/L, P < 0.01, P < 0.01; LDH: 5821.53 ± 163.69 IU/L vs 3015.44 ± 253.01 IU/L, 2448.75 ± 169.4 IU/L, P < 0.01, P < 0.01; MPO: 2.57 ± 0.13 U/g vs 2.13 ± 0.13 U/g, 2.07 ± 0.05 U/g, P < 0.01, P < 0.01; NO: 78.39 ± 2.28 mmol/g protein vs 71.11 ± 1.73 mmol/g protein, 68.58 ± 1.95 mmol/g protein, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The activity of SOD (361.75 ± 16.22 U/mg protein vs 263.19 ± 12.10 U/mg protein, P < 0.01) in the liver tissue was decreased after I/R, which was enhanced by VnA pretreatment (263.19 ± 12.10 U/mg protein vs 299.40 ± 10.80 U/mg protein, 302.09 ± 14.80 U/mg protein, P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Simultaneously, the histological evidence of liver hemorrhage, polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration and the overexpression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in the liver tissue were observed, all of which were attenuated in the VnA pretreated groups.CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that VnA pretreatment exerts significant protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. The protective effects are possibly associated with enhancement of antioxidant capacity, reduction of inflammatory responses and suppressed expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin.

Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract from Polygala sibirica L.var megalopha Fr.on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

Objective To investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract of Polygala sibirica L.var megalopha Fr.(EEP)on RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.Methods RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with 0–200µg/mL EEP or vehicle for 2 h prior to exposure to 1µg/mL lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for 24 h.Nitric oxide(NO)and prostaglandin(PGE2)production were determined by Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),respectively.The mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin-1beta(IL-1β),and IL-6 were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Western blot assay was used to determine the protein expressions of iNOS,COX-2,phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK1/2),c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor Kappa B alpha(IκB-α)and p38.Immunofluorescence was used to observe the nuclear expression of nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65).Additionally,the anti-oxidant potential of EEP was evaluated by reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and the activities of catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD).The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),hydroxyl(OH),superoxide anion(O2−)radical and nitrite scavenging activity were also measured.Results The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of EEP were 23.50±2.16 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g and 43.78±3.81 mg rutin equivalent/100 g.With EEP treatment(100 and 150µg/mL),there was a notable decrease in NO and PGE2 production induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells by downregulation of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expressions(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Furthermore,with EEP treatment(150µg/mL),there was a decrease in the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6,as well as in the phosphorylation of ERK,JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK,P<0.01 or P<0.05),by blocking the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated cells.In addition,EEP(100 and 150µg/mL)led to an increase in the anti-oxidant enzymes activity of SOD and CAT,with a concomitant decrease in ROS production(P<0.01 or P<0.05).EEP also indicated the DPPH,OH,O2−radical and nitrite scavenging activity.Conclusion EEP inhibited inflammatory responses in activated macrophages through blocking MAPK/NF-κB pathway and protected against oxidative stress.

Extraction,Purification,and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Steroid Fraction from Physalis Alkekengi L.Var.Franchetii(Mast.)Makino

Objective: As a traditional medicinal plant listed in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii(Mast.) Makino(PAF) has a long medicinal history and high economic value. PAF has immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat acute lung injury and eczema.The aim of this study is to solve the problems of extraction and purification of active components from PAF. Materials and Methods: The solvent to be used for extraction and its concentration, the solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction duration were investigated using a single-factor experiment.An orthogonal design(L_(9)[3^(4)]) was used to determine the optimum extraction conditions. After optimization, the sample’s concentrations and flow velocity, the eluents and their velocity, adsorption time, and the removed water volume were measured. The content of the five steroids in the sample was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). We also investigated the anti-inflammatory property of PAF calyxes before and after purification. Results: The optimum extraction and purification processes were determined by single-factor analysis.AB-8 was identified as the best macroporous adsorption resin for enrichment. After optimization, the average total steroid content was 71.83%,and the average recovery was 90% after purification. Among the five steroid components detected by HPLC, physalin F showed the highest content. Furthermore, the sample obtained after purification could significantly inhibit paw edema by egg whites induced. Conclusions: An environmentally-sustainable, efficient, and stable process was first optimized for enriching and purifying total steroids from PAF. The process has the potential for further development and utilization in the pharmaceutical industry.

榆林市樟子松人工林土壤养分特征

为进一步探明陕西省榆林市樟子松人工林的土壤养分变化特征,以5年生樟子松(Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv.)纯林和5年生樟子松-胡枝子(Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.)混交林为研究对象,分析土壤有机质、硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾等理化指标以及土壤酶活性的变化特征。结果表明,樟子松纯林和樟子松-胡枝子混交林土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量整体上均随着土层深度的增加呈下降趋势,全磷含量均随着土层深度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,硝态氮含量则均随着土壤深度的增加而增加,5个指标均表现为樟子松-胡枝子混交林高于樟子松纯林,且樟子松-胡枝子混交林各层土壤有效磷含量均显著高于樟子松纯林(P<0.05);樟子松纯林和樟子松-胡枝子混交林土壤含水率各土层间差异均不显著,樟子松-胡枝子混交林5~15 cm土层土壤含水率含量显著高于樟子松纯林(P<0.05);樟子松纯林和樟子松-胡枝子混交林土壤碱性磷酸酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、脲酶活性均随着土层深度的增加而降低,且樟子松-胡枝子混交林过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性在各土层均显著高于樟子松纯林(P<0.05)。

Comparison of carotenoid,chlorophyll concentrations and their biosynthetic transcript levels in different coloured cauliflower

Carotenoids and chlorophylls are among the most widely distributed pigments in nature that play essential roles in the photosynthetic apparatus and confer diverse colours in plants.Among all vegetables,cauliflower(Brassica oleracea L.ssp.var.botrytis)is rich in phytochemicals and is an important crop grown all over the world.This study investigates carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations in differently pigmented cultivars and elucidates the role of transcriptional regulation of carotenoid accumulation including lutein andβ-carotene.Here,we characterised changes in pigments by UHPLC-DAD-ToF-MS and changes in transcript levels of carotenoid metabolic genes by qRT-PCR in florets and leaves of orange(‘Jaffa'and‘Sunset'),purple(‘Di Sicilia Violetto'and‘Graffiti'),green(‘Trevi')and white(‘Clapton')cultivars.Transcript levels of all carotenoid metabolic genes showed different transcript level patterns in the leaves and florets.Compared to the other cultivars,the orange cultivars had the highest levels ofβ-carotene in the florets and lutein in the leaves resulting in changes lutein/β-carotene ratios.In the green cultivar,higher transcript levels were also found,especially for phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase genes of the core biosynthesis pathway.However,no increased carotenoid concentrations were observed,possibly due to a higher carotenoid turnover induced by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 in the green cultivar.In the white(‘Clapton')and purple(‘Di Sicilia Violetto'and‘Graffiti')cultivars the phytoene desaturase transcript levels as well as carotenoid concentrations were low.Chlorophyll concentrations changed in trend comparable to the carotenoid concentrations and were only significantly lower in the leaves of the orange cultivar‘Jaffa'.Also,the chlorophyll a/b ratio changed in‘Jaffa'.In florets the highest chlorophylls concentrations were observed for the green cultivar(‘Trevi')and the purple cultivar(‘Di Sicilia Violetto').Taken together,the study demonstrates the complex source-sink relationship of carotenoid accumulation in different coloured cauliflower.

青藏高原种植业碳排放量测度——以青海省青稞种植业为例

为研究青藏高原种植业碳排放量测度问题,以青海省青稞(Hordeum vulgare L.var.nudum Hook.f.)种植业产生的碳排放量、碳排放强度、碳成本为测算目标进行测定。通过对青海省1997—2019年的碳排放总量和农业碳排放量现状进行分析,发现青海省碳排放总量仍居高不下,农业碳排放量也始终处于较高水平。基于1997—2019年青海省农业碳排放数据,使用Matlab软件中GUI工具箱搭建非线性次回归神经网络模型,并使用神经网络时序工具对青海省农业2020—2026年碳排放进行多步预测,结果显示2020—2026年青海省农业碳排放量仍呈高位波动增长的趋势,迫切需要开展“双碳”减排。依据青稞种植业碳排放来源,建立了农用柴油、人工、化肥、农药、农膜、N2O排放6个测算指标。并基于2015—2020年各测算指标的数据建立IPCC清单估算模型,最终测得青海省青稞种植业2015—2020年碳排放总量、碳排放强度和碳成本,结果显示,2015—2020年青海省青稞种植业碳排放总量并未随着青稞种植面积的增大而出现大幅度增长,而青稞种植业碳排放强度和碳成本随着青稞种植面积的增大而有所降低。

Anti-tumor effect of coix seed based on the theory of medicinal and food homology

Coix seed is a dry and mature seed of Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.ma-yuen(Roman.)Stapf in the Gramineae family.Coix seed has a sweet,light taste,and a cool nature.Coix seed enters the spleen,stomach,and lung meridians.It has the effects of promoting diuresis and dampness,strengthening the spleen to prevent diarrhea,removing arthralgia,expelling pus,and detoxifying and dispersing nodules.It is used for the treatment of edema,athlete's foot,poor urination,spleen deficiency and diarrhea,dampness and obstruction,lung carbuncle,intestinal carbuncle,verruca,and cancer.The medicinal and health value is high,and it has been included in the list of medicinal and food sources in China,which has a large development and application space.This article reviews the current research achievements in the processing methods and anti-tumor activities of Coix seed and provides examples of its clinical application in ancient and modern times,aiming to provide reference for further research on Coix seed and contribute to its clinical application and development.Through the analysis of the traditional Chinese patent medicines,and simple preparations and related health food of Coix seed queried by Yaozhi.com,the source,function,and dosage form of Coix seed were comprehensively analyzed,with a view of providing a reference for the development of Coix seed medicine and food.

阿拉尔垦区新疆杨农田防护林防风效果研究

以阿拉尔市新疆杨农田防护林为研究对象,通过林业调查和野外风速测定,依据疏透度将新疆杨防护林的林带结构划分为通风型、疏透型、稀疏型3种结构类型,并采用隶属函数法对比分析各林带防风效果。结果表明:1)水平方向上,防风效能随防护距离的增加呈下降趋势。3种结构类型防护林的防风效能表现为稀疏型>疏透型>通风型。2)防风效能与树高、胸径、林带行数、冠幅呈正相关,与密度、疏透度呈负相关。3)8条林带综合隶属函数值在0.097~0.770之间,依次表现为林带Ⅲ>林带Ⅴ>林带Ⅳ>林带Ⅶ>林带Ⅷ>林带Ⅱ>林带Ⅵ>林带Ⅰ。其中,林带Ⅲ、林带Ⅴ为稀疏型,隶属函数值在0.50以上,综合防护效益表现较好。

青稞HD-Zip基因家族鉴定及其在非生物胁迫下的表达特性

同源异型域-亮氨酸拉链(homedomain-leucine zipper,HD-Zip)转录因子广泛参与植物的生长发育和抗胁迫过程。该研究通过生物信息学方法对青稞HD-Zip基因家族进行全基因组分析鉴定,并采用qRT-PCR技术分析非生物胁迫下该基因的表达特性,为深入探讨青稞HD-Zip转录因子的生物学功能及其在高原作物抗逆育种中的应用奠定基础。结果表明:(1)成功从青稞基因组中共鉴定出41个HD-Zip基因家族成员,依次命名为HvvHD-ZipⅠ-1~Ⅳ-13,且这些基因在7条染色体上呈不均匀分布。(2)理化性质分析发现,HvvHD-Zip蛋白包含197~885个不等的氨基酸残基;分子量范围在19914.36~94014.87 Da;亚细胞定位表明HvvHD-Zip蛋白都位于细胞核。(3)根据多序列比对、系统进化、基因结构和保守基序差异将其聚为4个亚家族,各亚家族分类特征与系统聚类结果一致。(4)顺式作用元件预测分析发现,HvvHD-Zip基因启动子中含有11种植物激素和胁迫响应元件。(5)qRT-PCR结果显示,HvvHD-ZipⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ亚家族基因对各胁迫响应明显;与根组织相比,多数HvvHD-Zip基因在叶组织中响应明显(上调或下调);与冷和盐胁迫相比,HvvHD-Zip各基因对旱胁迫响应较强。

新疆杨树干液流的径向变化及时滞特征

利用热扩散技术,对绿洲农田防护林新疆杨(Populus alba L.var.pyramidalis)大树边材5个深度处(1、2、3、5 cm和8 cm)的液流速率(Js)开展了连续两年的监测,结果表明:(1)以标准长度2 cm的探针测得的液流速率(Js-2)为参照,形成层下1、3、5、8 cm处的液流速率(Js-1,Js-3,Js-5,Js-8)与Js-2间具有显著的相关性,回归系数分别为0.24—0.27、1.18—1.61、0.81—1.64和0.38—0.75,液流速率最大的位点在形成层下3—5 cm处,液流速率最小的位点在最外侧(1 cm)或最内侧(8 cm)处,径向差异明显。边材不同深处的液流传输具有较一致的日变化过程。(2)在同步观测的5项气象要素中,大气水汽压亏缺(VPD)和太阳辐射(Ra)与Js的回归系数均较大,是驱动液流进程的主导气象要素。大气蒸发潜力(ET0)集合了多种气象要素的信息,具有与Ra一致的日变化进程(启动、峰值时刻相同),可作为分析液流昼、夜过程的综合气象变量。(3)新疆杨边材中五个深度处Js的峰值时刻基本相同(Js-1的峰值较其它层次提前4—123 min),均明显滞后于Ra(时滞)并提前于VPD,在7月份的晴天,ET0、Js和VPD峰值出现的时刻分别大致在12:30、14:00和15:00。新疆杨时滞的大小存在有规律的季节变化,从6到10月份,Js与ET0峰值的时滞(ΔJ-E)逐渐增加,变化在70—110 min(2011)、70—128 min(2012)之间,但VPD与Js峰值的时滞(ΔJ-V)逐渐降低,变化在73—20 min(2011)、63—8 min(2012)之间,这表明在生长季的早期,热量因子(Ra)对新疆杨液流变化的驱动较强,而在生长季的末期,大气水汽因子VPD的驱动效应更突出。

结球甘蓝不同初级三体n+1配子的形成及传递率研究

【目的】n+1配子传递率是进行三体遗传分析的重要参数。测定结球甘蓝"初级三体系"不同三体的n+1配子传递率为利用该"初级三体系"进行基因定位等遗传研究创造条件。【方法】结球甘蓝各初级三体分别与其二倍体亲本-9601进行相互杂交,杂交种子接种到MS培养基上培养繁殖成单株无性系;根尖染色体计数法鉴定杂交子代植株的染色体数目,用鉴定出的三体(2n+1=19)株数占鉴定植株总数的百分比表示n+1配子的传递率。【结果】各初级三体的n+1雌配子的传递率分别为15.28%(Tri-1)、12.68%(Tri-2)、12.31%(Tri-3)、30.51%(Tri-4)、22.81%(Tri-5)、7.46%(Tri-6)、5.36%(Tri-7)、42.37%(Tri-8)、9.23%(Tri-9);n+1雄配子的传递率分别为12.12%(Tri-1)、12.33%(Tri-2)、7.81%(Tri-3)、4.76%(Tri-4)、8.93%(Tri-5)、10.94%(Tri-6)、1.54%(Tri-7)、2.94%(Tri-8)、13.04%(Tri-9)。影响n+1雄配子形成和传递的因素主要有减数分裂前期Ⅰ三价体形成的频率、后期Ⅱ9/9/10/10分离的频率和花粉的生活力等。【结论】结球甘蓝各初级三体的额外染色体通过雌、雄配子均能传递给子代。

我国单叶蔓荆药用植物资源调查

[目的]调查我国单叶蔓荆的资源状况,为单叶蔓荆的可持续利用提供科学基础和参考依据。[方法]采用走访调查和实地样方调查的方法分别对我国单叶蔓荆野生和栽培资源进行调查。[结果]与第3次中药资源普查相比,除江西省单叶蔓荆分布面积增加外(增加15.5%),其余各省分布面积均明显减少。从目前资源拥有量状况来看,单叶蔓荆处于原始状态的为876.33 hm2,占总数的31.3%;处于被轻度采挖的为405.00 hm2,占总数的14.4%;处于被过度采挖的为625.33 hm2,占总数的22.3%;处于残存的为895.64hm2,占总数的32.0%。[结论]我国单叶蔓荆资源正在减少,人们对其资源保护的认识不够,需加强对其资源的保护力度。

鲜食糯玉米品比试验

对20个鲜食糯玉米(Zea mays L.var.ceratina Kulesh)杂交组合进行品比试验鉴定,初步总结了各参试糯玉米杂交组合的鲜苞产量、田间植株性状、果穗性状及品质表现。结果表明,杂交组合wh1、wh8、wh12产量、品质均优于对照香白糯,推荐参加鲜食糯玉米的区试,进行审定。

高山薇菜中多酚类化合物提取条件的优化

以粉碎的高山薇菜(Osmunda cinnamomea L.var.asiatica)粉末为原料,通过水煮法提取并测定薇菜中的多酚含量。单因素、正交优化试验结果表明,薇菜中多酚提取的最佳条件为温度90℃,提取时间6 h,料液比1∶30(g∶m L)。在此条件下,薇菜中的多酚含量可达3.413 mg/g。

小网格防护林影响土壤蒸发机理及节水、减盐效应

采用热平衡法研究新疆杨防护林林网内外的土壤蒸发量、蒸发效能及相关气象因子,用主成分分析探讨小网格防护林影响土壤蒸发的主要因子为空气温度因子、空气湿度因子、近地层风速因子和太阳辐射平衡值;分析新疆杨防护林对主导因子的影响程度;推算林网内表层土壤减盐量。