Wheat bread-making quality can be improved by use of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)from wild relatives.Aegilops longissima is a close relative of wheat that contains a number of HMW-GS-encoding genes...Wheat bread-making quality can be improved by use of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)from wild relatives.Aegilops longissima is a close relative of wheat that contains a number of HMW-GS-encoding genes including 1S^(l)x2.3^(*).In this study,transgenic wheat lines overexpressing 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and used to investigate the genetic contribution of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)to wheat flour-processing quality.The 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)transgene was stably inherited and expressed over generations.Expression of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)increased the relative expression of 1Dx2 and 1Dy12 and reduced that of 1By18 during grain development.In general,integration of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)stimulated the accumulation of endogenous HMW-GSs and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in wheat kernels,greatly increasing the glutenin:gliadin ratio and resulting in faster formation of protein bodies in the endosperm during grain development.A wheat material with improved flour-making quality was developed in which 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)improved wheat bread-making quality.展开更多
The mechanical properties of Al_(3)X(X=Sc,Lu)were studied by density functional theory(DFT).The elastic constants and formation enthalpy indicate that the L1_(2)-Al_(3)X(X=Sc and Lu)are mechanically and thermodynamica...The mechanical properties of Al_(3)X(X=Sc,Lu)were studied by density functional theory(DFT).The elastic constants and formation enthalpy indicate that the L1_(2)-Al_(3)X(X=Sc and Lu)are mechanically and thermodynamically stable.The bulk moduli and shear moduli show that Al_(3)Sc has better resistance to volume and shape changes than AI3 Lu.However,the calculated results show that Al_(3)Lu has better plasticity than Al_(3)Sc.The properties of structural stability and elastic moduli of the crystal containing four major types of point defects in L1_(2)-Al_(3)X(X=Sc and Lu)were calculated.The mechanical properties of point defects show that point defects cause L1_(2)-Al_(3)X lattice distortion and change the corresponding elastic constants.Point defects reduce the Young’s,shear and bulk moduli but have little effects on the crystal brittleness and toughness of Al_(3)Sc and Al_(3)Lu.Therefore,we have found that Lu addition into aluminum alloys is a very good replacement for expensive Sc addition when the L1_(2)structures are desired for nucleation or strengthening precipitates in aluminum alloys.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971945)the Department of Science and Technology of Ningxia in China(2019BBF02020)。
文摘Wheat bread-making quality can be improved by use of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)from wild relatives.Aegilops longissima is a close relative of wheat that contains a number of HMW-GS-encoding genes including 1S^(l)x2.3^(*).In this study,transgenic wheat lines overexpressing 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and used to investigate the genetic contribution of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)to wheat flour-processing quality.The 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)transgene was stably inherited and expressed over generations.Expression of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)increased the relative expression of 1Dx2 and 1Dy12 and reduced that of 1By18 during grain development.In general,integration of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)stimulated the accumulation of endogenous HMW-GSs and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in wheat kernels,greatly increasing the glutenin:gliadin ratio and resulting in faster formation of protein bodies in the endosperm during grain development.A wheat material with improved flour-making quality was developed in which 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)improved wheat bread-making quality.
基金the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China(61409220124)。
文摘The mechanical properties of Al_(3)X(X=Sc,Lu)were studied by density functional theory(DFT).The elastic constants and formation enthalpy indicate that the L1_(2)-Al_(3)X(X=Sc and Lu)are mechanically and thermodynamically stable.The bulk moduli and shear moduli show that Al_(3)Sc has better resistance to volume and shape changes than AI3 Lu.However,the calculated results show that Al_(3)Lu has better plasticity than Al_(3)Sc.The properties of structural stability and elastic moduli of the crystal containing four major types of point defects in L1_(2)-Al_(3)X(X=Sc and Lu)were calculated.The mechanical properties of point defects show that point defects cause L1_(2)-Al_(3)X lattice distortion and change the corresponding elastic constants.Point defects reduce the Young’s,shear and bulk moduli but have little effects on the crystal brittleness and toughness of Al_(3)Sc and Al_(3)Lu.Therefore,we have found that Lu addition into aluminum alloys is a very good replacement for expensive Sc addition when the L1_(2)structures are desired for nucleation or strengthening precipitates in aluminum alloys.
