With the coming of the information era and the flaming of the international communication, the English language has already made itself a very important and universally used language. However, because of the lack of c...With the coming of the information era and the flaming of the international communication, the English language has already made itself a very important and universally used language. However, because of the lack of cultural knowledge of the target language, many cross-cultural contacts turn out to be frustrating or even a failure. Therefore, to guarantee an effective intercultural communication, a lot of knowledge about target culture is needed; besides, people should have a good command of different cultures and should fully understand the cultural differences in intercultural communication. So it is important and of great necessity to take culture into consideration in FLT. But how to acquire cultural knowledge effectively always exists as a problem. In this thesis, the author attempts to solve the problem by using schema theory. Schema is a sort of background knowledge stored in a person's mind in order to perceive and understand the world. Usually if a person possesses more foreign cultural schemata, he or she will behave appropriately in cross-cultural communication. Therefore, the task left is how to help students build up their cultural schemata about a foreign language.展开更多
English teaching is an integral part of education,which shoulders the responsibility of rendering rudimentary knowledge of English to the students,providing the students with the listening,speaking,reading and writing...English teaching is an integral part of education,which shoulders the responsibility of rendering rudimentary knowledge of English to the students,providing the students with the listening,speaking,reading and writing ability,as well as the obligation of carrying out ideological education and cultivating their noble and healthy sentiment.In teaching,the teachers should pay special attention to the students' thirst for English learning and give full play to their initiative,which demands enough lead-in preparation before class.The lead-in of new lessons bears a direct impact on the quality of the classroom teaching.This thesis will make an analysis of this problem in two aspects.展开更多
For many years,people have been exploring different kinds of teaching pattern of triggering the students' interests in English and enhancing the efficiency of teaching and have been seeking different kinds of appr...For many years,people have been exploring different kinds of teaching pattern of triggering the students' interests in English and enhancing the efficiency of teaching and have been seeking different kinds of approaches of optimizing the process of class teaching.So many English class teaching methods such as five-step teaching method and task-based teaching method are put forward,but these methods pay more attention to imparting new knowledge to students and to training their ability of using English than to triggering their interests in English.This article try to solve this problem by exploring different ways of lead-in in English classroom teaching to arouse students'interests in English learning.展开更多
As the beginning part of an English class,lead-in not only plays an important role in activating class atmosphere,motivating learning and expanding thinking,but also reflects the teacher's professional competences...As the beginning part of an English class,lead-in not only plays an important role in activating class atmosphere,motivating learning and expanding thinking,but also reflects the teacher's professional competences and teaching techniques.In this paper,the writer offers some suggestions on lead-in from the features of college English in the hope of lighting lead-in inspiration and improving teaching efficiency.展开更多
Lead-in, referring to the teaching activities at the very beginning of a class, is one of the most basic steps in English classroom teaching. Short though it is, it plays an essential role in arousing students' at...Lead-in, referring to the teaching activities at the very beginning of a class, is one of the most basic steps in English classroom teaching. Short though it is, it plays an essential role in arousing students' attention, stirring up students' interest, enhancing their motivation, activating the atmosphere of classroom teaching, and achieving teaching objectives. Based on the previous literature about lead-in, the author first discusses the importance and functions of lead-in, and then analyzes some lead-in strategies on the basis of the 17 teaching cases of pre-service English teachers.展开更多
The focal plane of a collimator used for the geometric calibration of an optical camera is a key element in the calibration process.The traditional focal plane of the collimator has only a single aperture light lead-i...The focal plane of a collimator used for the geometric calibration of an optical camera is a key element in the calibration process.The traditional focal plane of the collimator has only a single aperture light lead-in,resulting in a relatively unreliable calibration accuracy.Here we demonstrate a multi-aperture micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)light lead-in device that is located at the optical focal plane of the collimator used to calibrate the geometric distortion in cameras.Without additional volume or power consumption,the random errors of this calibration system are decreased by the multi-image matrix.With this new construction and a method for implementing the system,the reliability of high-accuracy calibration of optical cameras is guaranteed.展开更多
AIM:To examined the efficacy and safety of treatment with boceprevir,PEGylated-interferon and ribavirin(PR)in hepatitis C virus genotype 1(HCVGT1) PR treatmentfailures in Asia.METHODS:The Boceprevir Named-Patient Prog...AIM:To examined the efficacy and safety of treatment with boceprevir,PEGylated-interferon and ribavirin(PR)in hepatitis C virus genotype 1(HCVGT1) PR treatmentfailures in Asia.METHODS:The Boceprevir Named-Patient Program provided boceprevir to HCVGT1 PR treatment-failures.Participating physicians were invited to contribute data from their patients:baseline characteristics,ontreatment responses,sustained virological response at week 12(SVR12),and safety were collected and analysed.Multivariate analysis was performed to determine predictors of response.RESULTS:150 patients were enrolled from Australia,Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand(Asians = 86,Caucasians = 63).Overall SVR12 was 61%(Asians= 59.3%,Caucasians = 63.5%).SVR12 was higher in relapsers(78%) compared with non-responders(34%).On-treatment responses predicted SVR,with undetectable HCVRNA at week 4,8 and 12 leading to SVR12 s of 100%,87%,and 82%respectively,and detectable HCVRNA at week 4,8 and 12,leading to SVR12 s of 58%,22%and 6%respectively.Asian patients were similar to Caucasian patients with regards to on-treatment responses.Patients with cirrhosis(n= 69) also behaved in the same manner with regards to on-treatment responses.Those with the IL28 B CC genotype(80%) had higher SVRs than those with the CT/TT(56%) genotype(P = 0.010).Multivariate analysis showed that TW8 and TW12 responses were independent predictors of SVR.Serious adverse events occurred in 18.6%:sepsis(2%),decompensation(2.7%) and blood transfusion(14%).Discontinuations occurred in 30.7%,with 18.6%fulfilling stopping rules.CONCLUSION:Boceprevir can be used successfully in PR treatment failures with a SVR12 > 80%if they have good on-treatment responses;however,discontinuations occurred in 30%because of virological failure or adverse events.展开更多
Determining characteristics of the initial fixed-focus are a key technique for the design of laser beam riding guidance missile. Through analyzing the effects of the initial cone information field in guidance and cont...Determining characteristics of the initial fixed-focus are a key technique for the design of laser beam riding guidance missile. Through analyzing the effects of the initial cone information field in guidance and control system of missile, those effects are considered as an approximate lead com- pensation network. The position and time of guidance spot initial fixed-focus can be designed. This method is applied to determine the characteristics of the initial fixed-focus of laser information field for a laser beam guidance gun-launched missile. The results of design and simulation show that the initial cone information field apparently speeds up convergence on the initial trajectory, and provides a guarantee for the implementation of minimum range index of a missile system.展开更多
文摘With the coming of the information era and the flaming of the international communication, the English language has already made itself a very important and universally used language. However, because of the lack of cultural knowledge of the target language, many cross-cultural contacts turn out to be frustrating or even a failure. Therefore, to guarantee an effective intercultural communication, a lot of knowledge about target culture is needed; besides, people should have a good command of different cultures and should fully understand the cultural differences in intercultural communication. So it is important and of great necessity to take culture into consideration in FLT. But how to acquire cultural knowledge effectively always exists as a problem. In this thesis, the author attempts to solve the problem by using schema theory. Schema is a sort of background knowledge stored in a person's mind in order to perceive and understand the world. Usually if a person possesses more foreign cultural schemata, he or she will behave appropriately in cross-cultural communication. Therefore, the task left is how to help students build up their cultural schemata about a foreign language.
文摘English teaching is an integral part of education,which shoulders the responsibility of rendering rudimentary knowledge of English to the students,providing the students with the listening,speaking,reading and writing ability,as well as the obligation of carrying out ideological education and cultivating their noble and healthy sentiment.In teaching,the teachers should pay special attention to the students' thirst for English learning and give full play to their initiative,which demands enough lead-in preparation before class.The lead-in of new lessons bears a direct impact on the quality of the classroom teaching.This thesis will make an analysis of this problem in two aspects.
文摘For many years,people have been exploring different kinds of teaching pattern of triggering the students' interests in English and enhancing the efficiency of teaching and have been seeking different kinds of approaches of optimizing the process of class teaching.So many English class teaching methods such as five-step teaching method and task-based teaching method are put forward,but these methods pay more attention to imparting new knowledge to students and to training their ability of using English than to triggering their interests in English.This article try to solve this problem by exploring different ways of lead-in in English classroom teaching to arouse students'interests in English learning.
文摘As the beginning part of an English class,lead-in not only plays an important role in activating class atmosphere,motivating learning and expanding thinking,but also reflects the teacher's professional competences and teaching techniques.In this paper,the writer offers some suggestions on lead-in from the features of college English in the hope of lighting lead-in inspiration and improving teaching efficiency.
文摘Lead-in, referring to the teaching activities at the very beginning of a class, is one of the most basic steps in English classroom teaching. Short though it is, it plays an essential role in arousing students' attention, stirring up students' interest, enhancing their motivation, activating the atmosphere of classroom teaching, and achieving teaching objectives. Based on the previous literature about lead-in, the author first discusses the importance and functions of lead-in, and then analyzes some lead-in strategies on the basis of the 17 teaching cases of pre-service English teachers.
基金This work is supported by National Science Foundation of China(no.61505093,61505190)the National Key Research and Development Plan(2016YFC0103600).
文摘The focal plane of a collimator used for the geometric calibration of an optical camera is a key element in the calibration process.The traditional focal plane of the collimator has only a single aperture light lead-in,resulting in a relatively unreliable calibration accuracy.Here we demonstrate a multi-aperture micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)light lead-in device that is located at the optical focal plane of the collimator used to calibrate the geometric distortion in cameras.Without additional volume or power consumption,the random errors of this calibration system are decreased by the multi-image matrix.With this new construction and a method for implementing the system,the reliability of high-accuracy calibration of optical cameras is guaranteed.
文摘AIM:To examined the efficacy and safety of treatment with boceprevir,PEGylated-interferon and ribavirin(PR)in hepatitis C virus genotype 1(HCVGT1) PR treatmentfailures in Asia.METHODS:The Boceprevir Named-Patient Program provided boceprevir to HCVGT1 PR treatment-failures.Participating physicians were invited to contribute data from their patients:baseline characteristics,ontreatment responses,sustained virological response at week 12(SVR12),and safety were collected and analysed.Multivariate analysis was performed to determine predictors of response.RESULTS:150 patients were enrolled from Australia,Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand(Asians = 86,Caucasians = 63).Overall SVR12 was 61%(Asians= 59.3%,Caucasians = 63.5%).SVR12 was higher in relapsers(78%) compared with non-responders(34%).On-treatment responses predicted SVR,with undetectable HCVRNA at week 4,8 and 12 leading to SVR12 s of 100%,87%,and 82%respectively,and detectable HCVRNA at week 4,8 and 12,leading to SVR12 s of 58%,22%and 6%respectively.Asian patients were similar to Caucasian patients with regards to on-treatment responses.Patients with cirrhosis(n= 69) also behaved in the same manner with regards to on-treatment responses.Those with the IL28 B CC genotype(80%) had higher SVRs than those with the CT/TT(56%) genotype(P = 0.010).Multivariate analysis showed that TW8 and TW12 responses were independent predictors of SVR.Serious adverse events occurred in 18.6%:sepsis(2%),decompensation(2.7%) and blood transfusion(14%).Discontinuations occurred in 30.7%,with 18.6%fulfilling stopping rules.CONCLUSION:Boceprevir can be used successfully in PR treatment failures with a SVR12 > 80%if they have good on-treatment responses;however,discontinuations occurred in 30%because of virological failure or adverse events.
基金Supported by the Ministerial Level Foundation(62201070412)
文摘Determining characteristics of the initial fixed-focus are a key technique for the design of laser beam riding guidance missile. Through analyzing the effects of the initial cone information field in guidance and control system of missile, those effects are considered as an approximate lead com- pensation network. The position and time of guidance spot initial fixed-focus can be designed. This method is applied to determine the characteristics of the initial fixed-focus of laser information field for a laser beam guidance gun-launched missile. The results of design and simulation show that the initial cone information field apparently speeds up convergence on the initial trajectory, and provides a guarantee for the implementation of minimum range index of a missile system.
