加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的实施有益于外科患者术后加速康复,LEER模式[少痛(less pain)、早动(early move)、早食(early eat)、安心(reassuring)]下的ERAS体系则是为临床更好实施ERAS理念建立的系统、...加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的实施有益于外科患者术后加速康复,LEER模式[少痛(less pain)、早动(early move)、早食(early eat)、安心(reassuring)]下的ERAS体系则是为临床更好实施ERAS理念建立的系统、规范和标准化的工作方法与工作流程。经临床外科和外科联合具有综合属性的全科医学科建立的加速康复All in One病房的初期探索及应用取得了一系列有益结果,均证明LEER模式ERAS不仅能系统、全面、规范地执行ERAS措施,也可以将LEER-ERAS理念拓展应用到加速康复All in One病房共同协助外科患者围手术期的治疗及管理促进患者加速康复。在前期工作取得的成效基础上,将有益于患者治疗后加速康复的ERAS理念延伸、拓展成加速康复医学(enhanced recovery after treatment,ERAT)理念来拓宽加速康复All in One病房的应用范围,包括应用到临床所有的非外科专业科室,其目的是探索和研究如何应用ERAT理念构建医院ERAT临床应用体系来促进患者康复。展开更多
目的探讨"LEER"模式加速康复外科(ERAS)理念在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年9月至2019年5月乐山市人民医院收治的62例行胰十二指肠切除术的患者基本临床资料。37例围术期采用传统方案(传统组),25...目的探讨"LEER"模式加速康复外科(ERAS)理念在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年9月至2019年5月乐山市人民医院收治的62例行胰十二指肠切除术的患者基本临床资料。37例围术期采用传统方案(传统组),25例围术期采用"LEER"模式ERAS方案(ERAS组)。"LEER"模式为:少痛(less pain)、早动(early move)、早食(early eat)、安心(reassuring)。结果 ERAS组相比于传统组,术后疼痛评分更低[(3.12±0.78) vs (4.59±1.01),t=6.459,P<0.05],术后胃肠道功能恢复更快[(3.28±0.46)d vs (3.76±1.01)d,t=2.205,P<0.05],术后下床活动时间[(1.96±0.79)d vs (2.62±0.64)d,t=3.635,P<0.05]及术后拔除引流管时间[(3.28±0.46)d vs (6.05±1.39)d,t=7.056,P<0.05]更早,胰漏发生率更低[20.00%(5/25) vs 51.35%(19/37),χ^2=6.181,P<0.05],住院时间更短[(11.52±1.39)d vs (15.76±2.51)d,t=7.671,P<0.05],住院费用更低[(61 610.92±4 272.13)元 vs (70 167.70±3 736.14)元,t=8.348,P<0.05]。两组手术时间、术中出血量及其他并发症无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论"LEER"模式加速康复外科理念应用于胰十二指肠切除术安全有效,可加快术后康复,缩短住院时间,减少医疗费用。展开更多
加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)引入国内发展应用已10余年,目前在国内一些大的医学中心和三级甲等医院开展已非常广泛。但ERAS理念在我国西部县级基层医院应用则相对较少,尤其是彝族地区县级医院。借驻点支援的契...加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)引入国内发展应用已10余年,目前在国内一些大的医学中心和三级甲等医院开展已非常广泛。但ERAS理念在我国西部县级基层医院应用则相对较少,尤其是彝族地区县级医院。借驻点支援的契机,作者团队自2021年开始在四川小凉山彝族地区金口河区人民医院推行LEER模式ERAS理念并取得良好效果,结合工作实践和对邻近彝族区县医院的走访了解,总结分析了包括医护理念、医院管理、人员结构、软硬件条件等5个在小凉山彝族地区县级基层医院推行ERAS理念的常见问题,并相应地提出了促进医护人员诊疗理念更新、加强ERAS体系建设、借力发展、逐步推进等6条对策,以期促进ERAS在彝族地区县级基层医院的推行,促进其医疗质量的整体提升,从而更好地造福彝区人民。展开更多
A Harten-Lax-van Leer-contact (HLLC) approximate Riemann solver is built with elastic waves (HLLCE) for one-dimensional elastic-plastic flows with a hypo- elastic constitutive model and the von Mises' yielding cr...A Harten-Lax-van Leer-contact (HLLC) approximate Riemann solver is built with elastic waves (HLLCE) for one-dimensional elastic-plastic flows with a hypo- elastic constitutive model and the von Mises' yielding criterion. Based on the HLLCE, a third-order cell-centered Lagrangian scheme is built for one-dimensional elastic-plastic problems. A number of numerical experiments are carried out. The numerical results show that the proposed third-order scheme achieves the desired order of accuracy. The third-order scheme is used to the numerical solution of the problems with elastic shock waves and elastic rarefaction waves. The numerical results are compared with a reference solution and the results obtained by other authors. The comparison shows that the pre- sented high-order scheme is convergent, stable, and essentially non-oscillatory. Moreover, the HLLCE is more efficient than the two-rarefaction Riemann solver with elastic waves (TRRSE)展开更多
A hybrid numerical flux scheme is proposed by adapting the carbunclefree modified Harten-Lax-van Leer contact(HLLCM) scheme to smoothly revert to the Harten-Lax-van Leer contact(HLLC) scheme in regions of shear. This ...A hybrid numerical flux scheme is proposed by adapting the carbunclefree modified Harten-Lax-van Leer contact(HLLCM) scheme to smoothly revert to the Harten-Lax-van Leer contact(HLLC) scheme in regions of shear. This hybrid scheme, referred to as the HLLCT scheme, employs a novel, velocity-based shear sensor. In contrast to the non-local pressure-based shock sensors often used in carbuncle cures, the proposed shear sensor can be computed in a localized manner meaning that the HLLCT scheme can be easily introduced into existing codes without having to implement additional data structures. Through numerical experiments, it is shown that the HLLCT scheme is able to resolve shear layers accurately without succumbing to the shock instability.展开更多
基于多学科团队(multi-disciplinary team,MDT)参与的加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)(ERAS-MDT)构架下建立的All in One(AO)病房,通过外科联合具有综合属性的内科协助外科治疗作为AO病房的主体病房,纳入在专业治...基于多学科团队(multi-disciplinary team,MDT)参与的加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)(ERAS-MDT)构架下建立的All in One(AO)病房,通过外科联合具有综合属性的内科协助外科治疗作为AO病房的主体病房,纳入在专业治疗上需要进行深度介入干预的相应专业组成的辅助病房以及协助外科完成治疗工作的相关专业组成的支持治疗病房,组成综合性独立单元体,其目标是探索多学科协同促进外科患者围手术期加速康复的策略。通过在加速康复AO病房实施LEER模式工作流程(即“少痛”“早动”“早食”“安心”)来实现患者术后加速康复这一共同目标。通过AO病房的治疗,期望增加老年、危重症患者的手术率,减少术后并发症的发生率,缩短外科患者平均住院时间,加快外科病房周转,节约有限的医疗资源,并拓展ERAS的应用领域。从形式和内容上创新了MDT,不仅有利于医院通过内部资源整合为外科纾困解难,也为进一步探索和深化慢病管理和临床专业协同工作模式提供了一种有益借鉴。展开更多
文摘加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的实施有益于外科患者术后加速康复,LEER模式[少痛(less pain)、早动(early move)、早食(early eat)、安心(reassuring)]下的ERAS体系则是为临床更好实施ERAS理念建立的系统、规范和标准化的工作方法与工作流程。经临床外科和外科联合具有综合属性的全科医学科建立的加速康复All in One病房的初期探索及应用取得了一系列有益结果,均证明LEER模式ERAS不仅能系统、全面、规范地执行ERAS措施,也可以将LEER-ERAS理念拓展应用到加速康复All in One病房共同协助外科患者围手术期的治疗及管理促进患者加速康复。在前期工作取得的成效基础上,将有益于患者治疗后加速康复的ERAS理念延伸、拓展成加速康复医学(enhanced recovery after treatment,ERAT)理念来拓宽加速康复All in One病房的应用范围,包括应用到临床所有的非外科专业科室,其目的是探索和研究如何应用ERAT理念构建医院ERAT临床应用体系来促进患者康复。
文摘目的探讨"LEER"模式加速康复外科(ERAS)理念在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年9月至2019年5月乐山市人民医院收治的62例行胰十二指肠切除术的患者基本临床资料。37例围术期采用传统方案(传统组),25例围术期采用"LEER"模式ERAS方案(ERAS组)。"LEER"模式为:少痛(less pain)、早动(early move)、早食(early eat)、安心(reassuring)。结果 ERAS组相比于传统组,术后疼痛评分更低[(3.12±0.78) vs (4.59±1.01),t=6.459,P<0.05],术后胃肠道功能恢复更快[(3.28±0.46)d vs (3.76±1.01)d,t=2.205,P<0.05],术后下床活动时间[(1.96±0.79)d vs (2.62±0.64)d,t=3.635,P<0.05]及术后拔除引流管时间[(3.28±0.46)d vs (6.05±1.39)d,t=7.056,P<0.05]更早,胰漏发生率更低[20.00%(5/25) vs 51.35%(19/37),χ^2=6.181,P<0.05],住院时间更短[(11.52±1.39)d vs (15.76±2.51)d,t=7.671,P<0.05],住院费用更低[(61 610.92±4 272.13)元 vs (70 167.70±3 736.14)元,t=8.348,P<0.05]。两组手术时间、术中出血量及其他并发症无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论"LEER"模式加速康复外科理念应用于胰十二指肠切除术安全有效,可加快术后康复,缩短住院时间,减少医疗费用。
文摘加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)引入国内发展应用已10余年,目前在国内一些大的医学中心和三级甲等医院开展已非常广泛。但ERAS理念在我国西部县级基层医院应用则相对较少,尤其是彝族地区县级医院。借驻点支援的契机,作者团队自2021年开始在四川小凉山彝族地区金口河区人民医院推行LEER模式ERAS理念并取得良好效果,结合工作实践和对邻近彝族区县医院的走访了解,总结分析了包括医护理念、医院管理、人员结构、软硬件条件等5个在小凉山彝族地区县级基层医院推行ERAS理念的常见问题,并相应地提出了促进医护人员诊疗理念更新、加强ERAS体系建设、借力发展、逐步推进等6条对策,以期促进ERAS在彝族地区县级基层医院的推行,促进其医疗质量的整体提升,从而更好地造福彝区人民。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11172050 and11672047)the Science and Technology Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics(No.2013A0202011)
文摘A Harten-Lax-van Leer-contact (HLLC) approximate Riemann solver is built with elastic waves (HLLCE) for one-dimensional elastic-plastic flows with a hypo- elastic constitutive model and the von Mises' yielding criterion. Based on the HLLCE, a third-order cell-centered Lagrangian scheme is built for one-dimensional elastic-plastic problems. A number of numerical experiments are carried out. The numerical results show that the proposed third-order scheme achieves the desired order of accuracy. The third-order scheme is used to the numerical solution of the problems with elastic shock waves and elastic rarefaction waves. The numerical results are compared with a reference solution and the results obtained by other authors. The comparison shows that the pre- sented high-order scheme is convergent, stable, and essentially non-oscillatory. Moreover, the HLLCE is more efficient than the two-rarefaction Riemann solver with elastic waves (TRRSE)
基金the Singapore Ministry of Education AcRF Tier-2 Grant(No.MOE2014-T2-1-002)the Graduate Research Officer Scholarship from School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore。
文摘A hybrid numerical flux scheme is proposed by adapting the carbunclefree modified Harten-Lax-van Leer contact(HLLCM) scheme to smoothly revert to the Harten-Lax-van Leer contact(HLLC) scheme in regions of shear. This hybrid scheme, referred to as the HLLCT scheme, employs a novel, velocity-based shear sensor. In contrast to the non-local pressure-based shock sensors often used in carbuncle cures, the proposed shear sensor can be computed in a localized manner meaning that the HLLCT scheme can be easily introduced into existing codes without having to implement additional data structures. Through numerical experiments, it is shown that the HLLCT scheme is able to resolve shear layers accurately without succumbing to the shock instability.
文摘基于多学科团队(multi-disciplinary team,MDT)参与的加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)(ERAS-MDT)构架下建立的All in One(AO)病房,通过外科联合具有综合属性的内科协助外科治疗作为AO病房的主体病房,纳入在专业治疗上需要进行深度介入干预的相应专业组成的辅助病房以及协助外科完成治疗工作的相关专业组成的支持治疗病房,组成综合性独立单元体,其目标是探索多学科协同促进外科患者围手术期加速康复的策略。通过在加速康复AO病房实施LEER模式工作流程(即“少痛”“早动”“早食”“安心”)来实现患者术后加速康复这一共同目标。通过AO病房的治疗,期望增加老年、危重症患者的手术率,减少术后并发症的发生率,缩短外科患者平均住院时间,加快外科病房周转,节约有限的医疗资源,并拓展ERAS的应用领域。从形式和内容上创新了MDT,不仅有利于医院通过内部资源整合为外科纾困解难,也为进一步探索和深化慢病管理和临床专业协同工作模式提供了一种有益借鉴。