Ambient Light Alters Gene Expression Pattern of Enzymes and Transcription Factors Involved in Phenylpropanoid Metabolic Pathway in Potato under Chilling Stress

[Objective] Expressions of key enzymatic genes involved in phenyl-propanoid metabolic pathway in potato and StR2R3-MYB and StTGA transcripters were investigated in the present study. [Method] The primitive cultivar Yan was the materials for replicated trials and total RNA extracted from tissues of seedlings. Re-al-time florescent quantification PCR, multiple intervals of air temperature, light-il umi-nation and time-duration were factors of treatments in the experiment. Data on gene expressions were obtained and proceed to asses and compare effects based on statistical analysis. [Result] The results showed negative correlations between tem-perature degrees and expressions of StPAL, StDFR and StR2R3-MYB genes but not StTGA. Positive correlations, however, were derived between those of StCHS, StDFR and StR2R3-MYB and light-intensity. Significant interactive effects between expressions of StPAL and StDFR and treatments, light intensity and temperature degree, along the phenylpropanoid pathway were observed. Transcription regulator of StR2R3-MYB showed significant positive effect on the expression of StCHS of potato. StTGA transcription factor, on the other hand, gave significant negative ef-fects on the expression of StDFR. [Conclusion] Results from present study reveal the role of environmental factors and complicate interactions between such condi-tions as temperature-light il umination and mRNA function of target genes.

Characteristics and phylogeny of light-harvesting complex gene encoded proteins from marine red alga Griffithsia japonica

Six genes encoding light-harvesting complex (LHC) protein have been characterized in the multicellular red alga Griffithsia japonica EST analysis. Three of them were full sequences while others were partial sequences with 3'-UTRs. The cleavage sites between signal peptide and mature LHC protein were analyzed on these three full sequences. The sequence characteristics, calculated molecular weights and isoelectric point (pI) values and hydrophobicity of the mature proteins were deduced and analyzed. Comparing the LHC sequences of G. japonica with higher plant, Chlorophyta, chromophytes and other red algae, the high conservation of the chlorophyll (Chl) binding site among chromophytes and red algae were revealed. Phylogenetic analysis on LHC proteins from higher plant, green algae, euglena, brown algae, diatom, cryptomonad, Raphidophyte and red algae reveals that (1) there are two distinct groups of Chl a/b and Chl a/c -binding LHC; (2) Chl a binding proteins of red algae share greater similarities with the Chl a/c-binding proteins of the chromophytes and dinoflagellate than with the Chl a/b - binding proteins of the green algae and higher plants; (3) chromophyte's LHC is supposed to be evolved from red algae LHC.

Differential gene expression in the body wall of the sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)under strong lighting and dark conditions

Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus is very sensitive to light changes. It is important to study the influence of light on the molecular response of A. japonicus. In this study, RNA-seq provided a general overview of the gene expression profiles of the body walls of A. japonicus exposed to strong light（＂light＂）, normal light（＂control＂） and fully dark（＂dark＂） environment. In the comparisons of ＂control＂ vs. ＂dark＂, ＂control＂ vs. ＂light＂ and ＂dark＂ vs.＂light＂, 1 161, 113 and 1 705 differentially expressed genes（DEGs） were identified following the criteria of｜log2 ratio｜≥1 and FDR≤0.001, respectively. Gene ontology analysis showed that ＂cellular process＂ and ＂binding＂enriched the most DEGs in the category of ＂biological process＂ and ＂molecular function＂, while ＂cell＂ and ＂cell part＂ enriched the most DEGs in the category of ＂cellular component＂. And the DEGs were mapped to 214, 41 and229 pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, and 51, 2 and 57 pathways were significantly enriched, respectively. Light-specific DEGs identified in this study will be important targets for further investigation to establish the biochemical mechanisms involved in the adaption of this sea cucumber to changes in the level of environmental light.

Genetic Analysis and Molecular Mapping of Light-Sensitive Red-Root Mutant in Rice

The light-sensitive red-root mutant, designated as HG1, was newly observed from an indica rice variety, Nankinkodo, when seedlings were grown with roots exposed to natural light. The root color of the mutant began to turn slight-red when the roots were exposed to the light at the intensity of 29 ）Jmol/（m^2·s）, then turned dark-red at the light intensity of 180 pmol/（m^2·s）, suggesting that the root color of the mutant was evidently sensitive to light. Furthermore, genetic analysis showed that the character of light-sensitive red-root of the HG1 mutant was controlled by a single dominant gene, tentatively designated as Lsr. With simple sequence repeat markers, Lsrgene was located between the markers RM252 and RM303 on chromosome 4 with the genetic distances of 9.8 cM and 6.4 cM, respectively. These results could be useful for fine mapping and cloning of Lsrgene in rice.

Studies Shed Light on the Albinism Gene of Rhesus Monkey

A recent study by researchers at the Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) identifies the albinism gene of rhesus monkeys using the method of molecular technology, and suggests the age of the albinism gene in rhesus monkeys should be roughly 800,000 years. The general albinism

Analysis of the autophagy gene expression profile of pancreatic cancer based on autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor. Expression levels of the autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1 B-light chain 3(LC3) and perineural invasion(PNI) are closely related to its occurrence and development. Our previous results showed that the high expression of LC3 was positively correlated with PNI in the patients with pancreatic cancer. In this study, we further searched for differential genes involved in autophagy of pancreatic cancer by gene expression profiling and analyzed their biological functions in pancreatic cancer, which provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the pathophysiological mechanism of autophagy in pancreatic cancer and PNI.AIM To identify differentially expressed genes involved in pancreatic cancer autophagy and explore the pathogenesis at the molecular level.METHODS Two sets of gene expression profiles of pancreatic cancer/normal tissue(GSE16515 and GSE15471) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus.Significance analysis of microarrays algorithm was used to screen differentially expressed genes related to pancreatic cancer. Gene Ontology(GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis were used to analyze the functional enrichment of the differentially expressed genes. Protein interaction data containing only differentially expressed genes was downloaded from String database and screened. Module mining was carried out by Cytoscape software and ClusterOne plug-in. The interaction relationship between the modules was analyzed and the pivot nodes between the functional modules were determined according to the information of the functional modules and the data of reliable protein interaction network.RESULTS Based on the above two data sets of pancreatic tissue total gene expression, 6098 and 12928 differentially expressed genes were obtained by analysis of genes with higher phenotypic correlation. After extracting the intersection of the two differential gene sets, 4870 genes were determined. GO analysis showed that 14 significant functional items including negative regulation of protein ubiquitination were closely related to autophagy. A total of 986 differentially expressed genes were enriched in these functional items. After eliminating the autophagy related genes of human cancer cells which had been defined, 347 differentially expressed genes were obtained. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the pathways hsa04144 and hsa04020 were related to autophagy. In addition,65 clustering modules were screened after the protein interaction network was constructed based on String database, and module 32 contains the LC3 gene,which interacts with multiple autophagy-related genes. Moreover, ubiquitin C acts as a pivot node in functional modules to connect multiple modules related to pancreatic cancer and autophagy.CONCLUSION Three hundred and forty-seven genes associated with autophagy in human pancreatic cancer were concentrated, and a key gene ubiquitin C which is closely related to the occurrence of PNI was determined, suggesting that LC3 may influence the PNI and prognosis of pancreatic cancer through ubiquitin C.

人LIGHT基因的克隆及其重组腺病毒载体的构建

目的 克隆人ＬＩＧＨＴ基因，构建其重组腺病毒载体，以研究ＬＩＧＨＴ过表达与腺病毒感染对细胞生长的影响。方法用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法从人外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）中克隆人的ＬＩＧＨＴ全长基因。将ＬＩＧＨＴ ｃＤＮＡ克隆到穿棱载体ｐＡｄＴｒａｃｋ－ＣＭＶ－ＬＩＧＨＴ重组质粒中，经酶切线性化后，将重组质粒ｐＡｄＴｒａｃｋ－ＣＭＶ－ＬＩＧＨＴ和骨架质粒ｐＡｄＥａｓｙ－１，以电穿孔法共转染大肠杆菌ＢＪ５１８３，获得重组腺病毒质粒。最后，将线性化的重组腺病毒质粒转染２９３细胞包装获得重组腺病毒，用荧光显微镜、ＰＣＲ及Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析ＬＩＧＨＴ基因的表达。 结果 用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法从人的ＰＢＭＣ中，扩增出７２３ ｂｐ的ｃＤＮＡ，测序证实为人ＬＩＧＨＴ基因。荧光显微镜、ＰＣＲ及Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ证实，ＬＩＧＨＴ重组腺病毒可感染２９３细胞，并在２９３细胞内进行有效的复制。结论成功地克隆了人ＬＩＧＨＴ基因，并构建了其重组腺病毒载体，为进一步研究ＬＩＧＨＴ基因的功能提供了条件。

人LIGHT胞外段基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:构建人LIGHT胞外段基因的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达。方法:从人外周血单核细胞来源的未成熟树突状细胞中提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR得到LIGHT胞外段基因,并将其克隆至pET32a(+)原核表达载体中,经双酶切鉴定及序列测定后的重组质粒转化入E.coli BL21,IPTG诱导表达目的蛋白,并用SDS-PAGE和Western blot进行检测。结果:RT-PCR扩增出了大小为543bp的LIGHT胞外段基因,经测序证明序列正确。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析证实重组质粒可表达出Mr约为41000的蛋白。结论:成功地克隆了人LIGHT胞外段基因并在大肠杆菌中进行了表达为进一步研究LIGHT的功能打下了基础。

LIGHT-Fc基因转染对食管癌细胞株Eca109抑制作用的初步研究

目的 探讨LIGHT对人食管癌细胞的体外抑制效应。方法 以DOTAP脂质体介导LIGHT Fc基因转染人食管癌细胞株Eca10 9,通过绘制细胞生长曲线及MTT比色法观察LIGHT Fc转染对Eca10 9细胞生长的影响 ,用RT PCR法检测LIGHT受体在Eca10 9细胞上的表达。结果 LIGHT Fc基因的表达可以抑制Eca10 9细胞的生长。在低血清培养时 ,Eca10 9 LIGHT细胞的生长曲线较对照组明显降低 ;MTT比色显示Eca10 9 LIGHT的细胞活力与对照组相比有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 LIGHT Fc基因转染对人食管癌Eca10 9细胞具有体外抑制作用 。

人LIGHT胞外区基因的克隆及融合蛋白的表达

目的:克隆人LIGHT胞外区基因(hsLIGHT),构建其原核表达质粒,并诱导其在大肠杆菌中表达融合蛋白。方法:采用RT-PCR方法从HL60细胞中扩增hsLIGHT,将其克隆入原核表达质粒pGEX-4T-2,构建其重组表达质粒pGEX-4T- 2/hsLIGHT,以不同浓度IPTG诱导表达,于不同时间经SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析、鉴定。结果:经RT-PCR扩增获得的 hsLIGHT序列与Genebank报道的LIGHT基因胞外区序列完全一致;SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析证实重组质粒可表达出相对分子量为47 000的蛋白,与GST-hsLIGHT融合蛋白分子量一致。结论:成功完成了人LIGHT胞外区基因的克隆及其原核表达质粒的构建,在大肠杆菌E．coli BL21中经IPTG诱导表达了融合蛋白GST-hsLIGHT,为进一步探讨LIGHT的抗肿瘤生物学活性、探索肿瘤免疫治疗新方法奠定了基础。

人LIGHT基因的克隆及其在293T细胞中的表达

目的 克隆人LIGHT分子的全长cDNA ,构建重组真核表达质粒pCI neo LIGHT并在 2 93T细胞上获得稳定表达。方法 从人T细胞cDNA文库中用PCR技术克隆人LIGHT全长cDNA ,装入T Easy载体 ,测序证实后 ,将LIGHTcDNA装入质粒pCI neo中构建真核表达载体。用电穿孔法转染 2 93T细胞 ,经G418筛选后 ,用流式细胞仪检测LIGHT分子的表达。结果 测序证实克隆的LIGHT全长cDNA阅读框正确完整 ,酶切证实LIGHT pCI neo中LIGHT插入方向正确。转染的2 93T细胞经G418筛选 3个月后 ,流式细胞仪检测有 78 69%的细胞表达人LIGHT分子。结论 成功克隆LIGHT基因并获得稳定表达膜型LIGHT分子的 2 93T细胞系。

人LIGHT基因重组慢病毒的构建以及在脐血间质干细胞中的表达

目的构建带有人LIGHT基因的慢病毒载体,观察其在人脐血间质干细胞中的表达。方法通过逆转录聚合酶链反应从PCD DNA-LIGHI、质粒中获得人LIGHT基因,利用infusion技术重组构建慢病毒载体质粒pGC-FU-LIGHT,在脂质体lipofectamine 2000介导下与结构质粒pHelper1.0及包膜蛋白质粒pHelper2.0共转染293T细胞包装生产慢病毒。将人脐血间质干细胞分为实验组(pGC-FU-LIGHT)、空载体对照组(pGC-FU-EGFP)及空白组(脐血间质干细胞),分别用重组慢病毒、空载慢病毒、PBS感染后,采用RT-PCR以及Elisa检测IIGHT表达情况。结果所获LIGHT基因经测序后与Gene Bank报道序列完全一致;重组慢病毒载体质粒pGC-FU-LIGHT经鉴定正确;三质粒共转染293T细胞成功,收集、浓缩病毒后测定其滴度为2×107TUJ/L,感染UJCBMSCs后RT-PCR、Elisa检测各组细胞均有LIGHT的表达,其中试验组pGC-FU-LIGHT组更大最表达LIGHT,与其余2组(pGC-FU-EGFP、UJCBMSCs)比较差异具有统计学意义。结论成功构建带有LIGHT基因的慢病毒载体并实现在脐血间质干细胞中的表达,为间充质干细胞移植治疗胃癌的应用奠定了基础。

小鼠LIGHT胞外段基因原核表达质粒的构建及表达

目的构建含有LIGHT胞外段的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达。方法从由小鼠骨髓来源的未成熟树突状细胞中提取总RNA,经RT-PCR扩增LIGHT胞外段,克隆至原核表达载体pET-24a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒pET24-LIGHTECD。重组质粒经酶切鉴定及序列测定后,转化E.coli BL21,IPTG诱导表达,并用SDS-PAGE和Western blot进行检测。结果RT-PCR扩增出了525bp LIGHT胞外段的cDNA,经测序证实其序列正确。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析证实重组质粒可表达出相对分子质量为20000的LIGHT胞外段蛋白。结论成功地克隆了小鼠LIGHT胞外段基因并在大肠杆菌中进行了表达,为进一步研究LIGHT的功能打下了基础。

Epidemiology and molecular genetics of congenital cataracts

Congenital cataract is a crystallin severe blinding disease and genetic factors in disease development are important. Crystallin growth is under a combination of genes and their products in time and space to complete the coordination role of the guidance. Congenital cataract-related genes, included crystallin protein gene (CRYAA, CRYAB, CRYBA1/A3, CRYBA4, CRYBB1, CRYBB2, CRYBB3, CRYGC, CRYGD, CRYGS), gap junction channel protein gene (GJA1, GJA3, GJA8), membrane protein gene (GJA3, GJA8, MIP, LIM2), cytoskeletal protein gene (BF-SP2), transcription factor genes (HSF4, MAF, PITX3, PAX6), ferritin light chain gene (FTL), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and so on. Currently, there are about 39 genetic loci isolated to which primary cataracts have been mapped, although the number is constantly increasing and depends to some extent on definition. We summarized the recent advances on epidemiology and genetic locations of congenital cataract in this review.

香烟烟雾提取物对人支气管上皮细胞中LIGHT及其受体基因表达的影响

目的观察香烟烟雾提取物(CSE)对人支气管上皮细胞16HBE中肿瘤坏死因子超家族成员14(LIGHT)及其受体LTβR和HVEM基因表达的影响。方法将体外培养的16HBE细胞分为干预组和对照组,干预组分别加1%、2%、3%、4%、5%CSE培养48 h,或以3%CSE分别培养6、12、24、36、48 h;对照组加同样体积的无血清DMEM处理。收集对照组和干预组不同浓度和不同作用时点的细胞,采用real-time PCR法检测LIGHT、LTβR、HVEM mRNA。结果与对照组比较,干预组CSE作用16HBE细胞48 h后LIGHT LTβR mRNA表达升高,分别于3%~5%、2%~5%CSE时差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);干预组1%~4%CSE作用16HBE细胞48 h后HVEM mRNA表达升高(P均<0.05),3%CSE时到达峰值,5%CSE时HVEM mRNA表达较对照组降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,3%CSE作用16HBE细胞后各时点LIGHT、LTβR mRNA表达逐渐升高,分别于36、48 h和24、36、48 h时差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);3%CSE作用16HBE细胞48 h时HVEM mRNA表达升高(P<0.01),其余时点表达变化不显著。结论随着CSE浓度升高和作用时间延长,可引起16HBE细胞LIGHT、LTβR、HVEM基因表达的改变。

Transcriptome Profiling of the Abdominal Skin of Larimichthys crocea in Light Stress

Large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea), one of the most important marine fish species in China, can change its abdominal skin color when it is shifted from light to dark or from dark to light, providing us an opportunity of investigating the molecular responding mechanism of teleost in light stress. The gene expression profile of fish under light stress is rarely documented. In this research, the transcriptome profiles of the abdominal skin of L. crocea exposed to light or dark for 0 h, 0.5 h and 2 h were produced by next-generation sequencing(NGS). The cluster results demonstrated that stress period, rather than light intensity(e.g., light or dark), is the major influencing factor. Differently expressed genes(DEGs) were identified between 0 h and 0.5 h groups, between 0 h and 2 h groups, between 0.5 h light and 0.5 h dark, and between 2 h light and 2 h dark, respectively. The gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) annotation revealed that the genes relating to immunity, energy metabolism, and cytoskeletal protein binding were significantly enriched. The detailed analysis of transcriptome profiles also revealed regular gene expression trends, indicating that the elaborate gene regulation networks underlined the molecular responses of the fish to light stress. This transcriptome analysis suggested that systematic and complicated regulatory cascades were functionally activated in response to external stress, and coloration change caused by light stress was mainly attributed to the change in the density of chromatophores for L. crocea. This study also provided valuable information for skin coloration or light stress research on other marine fish species.

红光、蓝光处理下马铃薯转录组特异表达基因密码子的偏好性分析

以红光、蓝光处理下的马铃薯转录组数据为基础,以白光为对照,各筛选出1206条、691条特异表达基因。通过CodonW、CUSP对筛选出的基因编码序列(CDS)进行密码子使用偏好性分析。结果表明,在红光、蓝光处理下,马铃薯对基因密码子的使用偏好性都较弱,都偏好使用A或T(U)结尾的密码子。在2种光质处理下,特异表达基因序列密码子的GC总量都与同义密码子在第3位的胞嘧啶和鸟嘌呤含量(GC3s)有极显著相关性。在2种光质处理下,高频密码子[相对同义密码子使用度(RSCU)>1.00]均为30个,且高频密码子类型完全一致。从ENc-plot、PR2-plot和中性绘图结果可以看出,2种光质处理下的特异表达基因主要受到自然选择的影响。本研究还分别从蓝光、红光处理的特异表达基因中筛选26个、28个最优密码子。从马铃薯在不同光质处理下特异表达基因与其他生物密码子使用频率的比值及聚类分析结果可以看出,番茄、烟草均可作为红光、蓝光处理下马铃薯特异表达基因的异源表达受体。

马铃薯捕光色素结合蛋白基因StCP24的克隆及不同光照处理下的功能分析

为了探究马铃薯捕光色素结合蛋白基因的功能,对捕光色素结合蛋白基因StCP24(LOC102586836)进行生物信息学分析,并用农杆菌介导法将其转入马铃薯品种东农310中,获得转基因马铃薯株系。在不同光照强度条件下培育无性系转基因株系和对照,测定植株的生长指标、叶片生理指标、荧光参数和基因相对表达量等,通过超微结构观察明确该基因对叶绿体形态的影响。生物信息学分析结果表明,StCP24蛋白为亲水性蛋白,StCP24基因的启动子中包含光响应、防御和应激反应等元件;系统发育分析表明,马铃薯StCP24基因编码的氨基酸与栽培种番茄中StCP24基因编码的氨基酸亲缘关系最近。在不同光照强度处理下,转基因株系的茎粗、叶面积、叶片质量、根长、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、Fv/Fm、ETR、ETRmax、qP显著高于野生型对照。StCP24基因的过量表达可以使类囊体质粒片层堆叠得更加紧密且堆叠程度更高。综上,StCP24基因过量表达可以增加叶片中叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量,提高光合作用光反应中电子传递速率,促进转基因马铃薯植株生长。

刺葡萄STS基因克隆及其在不同光质下的表达水平

【目的】研究刺葡萄芪合酶(STS)基因的序列特征及其在不同光质处理下的表达水平,旨在为进一步解析STS基因通过响应光信号调控刺葡萄愈伤组织中白藜芦醇合成的分子机制提供依据。【方法】以刺葡萄愈伤组织为材料,利用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术成功克隆获得了4个STS基因,对这些基因及其编码蛋白进行了生物信息学分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测其在不同光质下和不同培养阶段的表达水平。【结果】成功地从刺葡萄愈伤组织中克隆获得了VdSTS5、VdSTS6、VdSTS20、VdSTS21共4个基因,均含1179 bp完整开放阅读框(ORF),编码392个氨基酸残基,预测其编码的是亲水性、无信号肽的细胞质定位蛋白,磷酸化修饰主要发生在苏氨酸和丝氨酸位点上,蛋白质的二级结构主要由α-螺旋、无规则卷曲和延伸链组成,STS与查尔酮合成酶(CHS)的蛋白质序列具有高度同源性。4个VdSTS的蛋白质序列在系统进化树上处于3个不同的大分支中,其中,VdSTS5与VdSTS21处在不同的分支中,而VdSTS6与VdSTS20聚在同一分支中,葡萄属不同种之间的STS蛋白质序列相似度高,推测其可能具有相同的功能。启动子顺式作用元件预测发现,4个VdSTS启动子含有多个光响应元件,还含有转录因子识别和作用元件、激素作用元件等。光质显著影响4个VdSTS的表达,在白光、红光、黄光和黑暗处理下,VdSTS的总体表达水平较高,而在绿光和紫光处理下,VdSTS的总体表达水平较低;同时,VdSTS对不同光质的响应不仅存在着基因间的差异,还存在不同培养阶段的差异,VdSTS5在培养后期强烈响应黄光的调控,VdSTS6、VdSTS20在培养中期对黑暗和红光的响应最强,VdSTS21则在培养中期强烈响应红光的调控,这些基因表达水平的变化影响着刺葡萄愈伤组织中白藜芦醇的合成。【结论】4个VdSTS对光质的响应存在差异,可能在响应不同光质调控中对刺葡萄愈伤组织白藜芦醇的合成起到重要作用。

火龙果HubHLH基因家族的全基因组分析及其对冬季补光诱导开花的表达响应

为了获得较完整的候选基因,探讨HubHLH基因在火龙果(Hylocereus undatus)冬季补光诱导开花过程的表达响应,对火龙果HubHLH基因家族进行全基因组分析。鉴定出153个HubHLH基因;这些基因的编码蛋白含有176~687个氨基酸,分子量大小为19.28~74.44 kDa,等电点(pI)为4.81~9.88,均为亲水蛋白,亚细胞定位预测大多定位到细胞核。为鉴定HubHLH基因家族的同源性,本研究将153个火龙果HubHLH和120个拟南芥AtbHLH蛋白进行系统发育比较分析。系统发育比较分析结果:火龙果HubHLH基因家族成员被分为12个组,25个亚族;对HubHLH基因家族的保守motif、基因结构及在染色体的位置分布的分析结果表明,同一亚族的基因具有相似的基序组成和基因结构。对HubHLH基因家族的内部复制事件的分析结果表明,有78条片段复制被鉴定为片段重复基因,说明片段复制是HubHLH基因家族的主要扩张力量。此外,基于已测定的关于火龙果冬季补光诱导开花的4个时期转录组数据,筛选到59个HubHLH基因在冬季补光诱导成花过程中有差异表达,随后对这59个HubHLH基因进行GO功能富集,发现它们在红光或远红光的反应、对光刺激的反应、有性生殖功能、对辐射的反应等功能上均有富集,说明HubHLH基因家族可能在冬季补光诱导火龙果成花过程中起到了调控作用。