金华市高校文化志愿者队伍建设研究——以上海财经大学浙江学院LinkerS文化志愿队为例

"一带一路"通过积极发展与沿线国家的经济合作关系,共同打造政治互信、经济包容和文化包容的人类命运共同体。为了推进"一带一路"倡议,各高校文化志愿者承担起了推进文化交流、传播中国文化、讲好中国故事的责任和义务。该研究以上海财经大学浙江学院LinkerS文化志愿队为例,通过调研与访谈,根据现状,来分析探讨金华市高校文化志愿者团队建设中存在的问题,并提出相应的策略。

pH-dependent Synthesis of Octa-nuclear Uranyl-oxalate Network Mediated by U-shaped Linkers

In this work,we report a novel octa-nuclear uranyl(U8)motif[(UO2)8O4(μ3-OH)2(μ2-OH)2]4+embedded in a uranyl-oxalate coordination polymer(compound 1)based on a U-shaped linker with extra-long xylylene chains for stabilizing the resulting high-nuclear motif through additional cross-linking connectivity.A comparison with dimeric and monomeric uranyl compounds obtained at different pH value from the same hydrothermal system reveals that,solution pH plays a vital role in formation of this octa-nuclear uranyl motif by promoting hydrolysis of uranyl source.Since high similarity of eight uranium centers in this nearly planar U8 motif here,overlapping and broadening of signals in fluorescence,infra-red(IR)and Raman spectra can be found.

Alkyl-thiophene-alkyl linkers to construct double-cable conjugated polymers for single-component organic solar cells

In this work,semirigid linkers of the alkyl-thiophene-alkyl structure are developed to construct double-cable polymers.Three alkyl units,propyl(C3H6),hexyl(C6H12),and dodecyl(C12H24),are applied as semirigid linkers,yielding three double-cable polymers:PBC6-T,PBC12-T,and PBC24-T,respectively.PBC12-T which uses C6H12-thiophene-C6H12 linkers is found to exhibit the best device efficiency of 5.56%,while PBC6-T and PBC24-T with shorter or longer linkers yield device efficiencies of only 2.65%and 1.09%in single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs).Further studies reveal that PBC12-T exhibits higher crystallinity and improved charge transport,resulting in better efficiencies.Our work provides an approach to construct double-cable conjugated polymers with long alkyl linkers,and it shows the importance of the linker length for the photovoltaic performance of SCOSCs.

Near-infrared double-cable conjugated polymers based on alkyl linkers with tunable length for single-component organic solar cells

The photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymers are significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linkers that connect donor backbones and acceptor side units. In this study, a series of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC)-based double-cable polymers with alkyl linkers ranging from C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(Px, x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were synthesized for single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker length x = 12(P12) is found to optimize the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) in SCOSCs. Specifically, PCEs increase from P8 to P12 and then decline from P12to P16. Detailed investigations of optical absorption, charge transport, and morphology provide insights into the underlying factors contributing to these PCE variations. The findings indicate that the exceptional photovoltaic properties observed in P12 can be attributed to three key factors: A delicate balance between enhanced charge separation facilitated by the increased spacer length and reduced crystallinity resulting from longer spacers, higher charge mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electron transport characteristics. This study highlights the critical role of linker length in determining the photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymer-based SCOSCs and offers valuable guidance for the design of novel double-cable conjugated polymers.

TransDFL:Identification of Disordered Flexible Linkers in Proteins by Transfer Learning

Disordered flexible linkers(DFLs)are the functional disordered regions in proteins,which are the sub-regions of intrinsically disordered regions(IDRs)and play important roles in connecting domains and maintaining inter-domain interactions.Trained with the limited available DFLs,the existing DFL predictors based on the machine learning techniques tend to predict the ordered residues as DFLs,leading to a high false positive rate(FPR)and low prediction accuracy.Previous studies have shown that DFLs are extremely flexible disordered regions,which are usually predicted as disordered residues with high confidence[P(D)>0.9]by an IDR predictor.Therefore,transferring an IDR predictor to an accurate DFL predictor is of great significance for understanding the functions of IDRs.In this study,we proposed a new predictor called TransDFL for identifying DFLs by transferring the RFPR-IDP predictor for IDR identification to the DFL prediction.The RFPR-IDP was pre-trained with IDR sequences to learn the general features between IDRs and DFLs,which is helpful to reduce the false positives in the ordered regions.RFPR-IDP was fine-tuned with the DFL sequences to capture the specific features of DFLs so as to be transferred into the TransDFL.Experimental results of two application scenarios(prediction of DFLs only in IDRs or prediction of DFLs in entire proteins)showed that TransDFL consistently outperformed other existing DFL predictors with higher accuracy.

Two comparable Ba-MOFs with similar linkers for enhanced CO_(2)capture and separation by introducing N-rich groups

Two new different metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)[Ba(L1)(H_(2)O)_(2)]_(n)·nH_(2)O(MOF 1)and[Ba(L2)(-n2 O)_(2)]_(n)·0.5 nDMF·0.5 nH_(2)O(MOF 2)were yielded by the assembly of oxygen-friendly Ba(Ⅱ)ions and two similar linkers,namely 2-(imidazol-1-yl)terephthalic acid(H_(2)L1)and 2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)terephthalic acid(H_(2)L2).Single-crystal X-ray diffractions(XRD)indicate that MOF1 is a new three-dimensional(3 D)stacking dense network formed by the one-dimensional(1 D)rod-shaped chains and L1 linkers,whereas MOF 2 presents a 3 D nanotube porous framework with cylindrical tunnels based on the 1 D loop chains as the secondary building units(SBUs)by replacing the imidazole group in H_(2)L1 with the triazole group in H_(2)L2.As a result,MOF 2 has a higher density of active sites and Lewis acid sites in the porous surface of nanotube than MOF 1.Thereby,the CO_(2)capture and separation capacity of MOF 2 is great higher than that of CH_(4)at298 K.

1.42-fold enhancement of formate selectivity by linker conversion on the Zn-based metal organic framework catalyst

Electro-reduction of carbon dioxide(ERCO_(2)) is considered an effective method to alleviate the greenhouse effect and produce value-added chemicals.Achieving the dominant selectivity of Zn-based catalysts for formate remains a challenge.In this article,the ZnIn-E_(12) catalyst is successfully prepared by solvent assisted ligand exchange(SALE) method to convert organic ligands,achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 72.28% for formate at-1.26 V vs.RHE(V_(RHE)),which is 1.42 times higher than the original catalyst.Evidence shows that the successful conversion of organic ligands can transform the catalyst from the original large size polyhedron to cross-linked network of particles with a diameter of about 30 nm.The increased specific surface area can expose more active sites and facilitate the electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) to formate.This work is expected to provide inspiration for the regulation of formate selectivity and catalyst size in Zn-based catalysts.

Synthesis and Charcterization of Silane Crosslinked Hydrogel to pH Sensitive Study

Eco-friendly and biodegradable novel hydrogel were prepared by blending and solution casting method. The designed hydrogel is based on chitosan/ PEG600/Gurgam with carbon nanofiller along silane crosslinked (TEOS) with pH sensitive response to controlled release of drug in biomedical materials and agriculture industry. The various concentration of carbon nanofiller is used to analyze its effect on the fabricated hydrogel characteristics by using FTIR, SEM, TGA, swelling studies (water, buffer and ionic solution). Spectra of FTIR reflected both established and newly developed groups (like hydrogel). COOH group presence is clearly observed in this range in the carbon filler reinforced hydrogel. The SEM micrographs show that CPG0.003 had a collection of polysaccharide chains as thin helices, which is attributed to the increase in the size of porosity. TGA shows to increase concentration of nanofiller enhanced the thermal stability of the designed hydrogels at temperature 25˚C to 550˚C mass loss percentage decrease upto 20% and increase thermal stability. This pH response made these resultant hydrogels as fruitful competitor against the many reported controlled release application.

Imidazole linker‐induced covalent triazine framework-ZIF hybrids for confined hollow carbon super‐heterostructures toward a long‐life supercapacitor

Carbon super-heterostructures with high nitrogen contents from the covalent hybrid precursors of covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs)and zeolitic imidazolic frameworks(ZIFs)are scarcely explored because of CTF's ordered structure and toxic superacid that dissolves or destabilizes the metal nodes.To solve this problem,herein,we report a straightforward two-step pathway for the covalent hybridization of disordered CTF(d–CTF)–ZIF composites via preincorporation of an imidazole(IM)linker into ordered CTFs,followed by the imidazole-site-specific covalent growth of ZIFs.Direct carbonization of these synthesized d–CTF−IM−ZIF hybrids results in unique hollow carbon super-heterostructures with ultrahigh nitrogen content(>18.6%),high specific surface area(1663m^(2)g^(−1)),and beneficial trace metal(Co/Zn NPs)contents for promoting the redox pseudocapacitance.As proof of concept,the obtained carbon super-heterostructure(Co–Zn–NC_(SNH)–800)is used as a positive electrode in an asymmetric supercapacitor,demonstrating a remarkable energy density of 61Wh kg^(−1)and extraordinary cyclic stability of 97%retention after 30,000 cycles at the cell level.Our presynthetic modifications of CTF and their covalent hybridization with ZIF crystals pave the way toward new design strategies for synthesizing functional porous carbon materials for promising energy applications.

Linker Library:基于几何特征的骨架跃迁片段库

骨架跃迁是目前应用最广泛的药物设计策略之一,但是现有骨架跃迁方法产生的化合物大多为已报道的先导化合物的衍生物或类似物,化学结构缺乏新颖性。针对现有骨架跃迁方法的局限性,提出了一种保持药效团与骨架之间的相对距离和角度不变的骨架跃迁策略,构建一个包含骨架几何特征的linker片段库:Linker Library。该片段库可以根据骨架中心到连接点之间距离和角度,推荐结构新颖且可保持官能团相对位置的片段,有助于指导化合物的骨架跃迁并加速药物发现进程。

The ABC of ADCs (Antibody-Drug Conjugates): A Comprehensive Review of Technical, Regulatory, and Clinical Challenges

Over the past several decades, there has been a significant surge in the development of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs). Designing an ideal ADC presents a multifaceted challenge, requiring the precise orchestration of various elements such as antigens, antibodies, linkers, and payloads. While ADCs aim to target tumor cells specifically, several antigens can also be found in regular tissues, potentially compromising the specificity of ADCs in therapeutic applications. The complexity extends to antibody selection, necessitating effective targeting of the desired antigen and ensuring compatibility with linkers for effective payload delivery. Additionally, the linker and payload combination are critical for the ADC’s therapeutic efficiency, balancing stability in circulation and timely payload release upon target binding. ADC doses must be safe for normal tissues while ensuring the released payloads are effective. The success of ADCs is attributed to their unmatched efficacy compared to traditional chemotherapy agents. The current research article aims to provide a technical review of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) for cancer therapies. A brief discussion on the basics of ADCs, regulatory approach, overview, and technical complexities for quantification is presented. This review also summarizes recently approved ADCs and introduces the concepts of antibodies, linkers, and payloads. The article also outlines cancer-specific ADCs currently in late-stage clinical trials for cancer treatment.

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs): Navigating Four Pillars of Safety, Development, Supply Chain and Manufacturing Excellence

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are pioneering biologics that merge antibodies’ specificity with small molecules’ potency. With a handful of FDA-approved ADCs in the market and many under development, ADCs are poised to revolutionize therapeutics. This paper examines the complexities of ADC production, emphasizing the importance of process characterization and the pivotal role of supply chain characteristics, safety requirements, and Contract Manufacturing Organizations (CMOs) with proficiency. The swift transition of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) programs from early to advanced clinical stages underscores the urgency for quick and efficient commercial launch preparation. This article delves into strategies to hasten commercial readiness, supply chain strategy, the significance of partnering with adept contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs), and the challenges of ADC production.

酵母展示筛选scFv方法的建立

目的:利用酵母展示技术建立筛选scFvs的技术平台,为今后从抗体库中筛选高亲和力抗体奠定基础。方法:改造pYD1载体,将其自身所带的GSLinker上下游两端突变出酶切位点,构建成pYD-x;分别将IL-1β抗体的重链与轻链可变区片段插入pYD-x中GSLinker的上下游,构建出重组质粒pYSD1。从pYSD1上PCR扩增出scFv片段,并将其插入pYD1的MCS区,构建出重组质粒pYSD2。将pYSD1与pYSD2分别转入酿酒酵母EBY100中诱导表达scFv,并用流式细胞术(FCM)检测抗体展示情况。结果:经诱导后,从流式细胞仪检测结果中可以看出EBY100-pYSD1所展示的scFv与抗原结合力很弱,而EBY100-pYSD2则表现出一定强度的结合。结论:本实验证明了pYD-x载体上存在的额外的GSLinker对于抗体展示的必要性,并且成功建立了利用酵母展示载体pYD1进行scFvs筛选的技术平台。

木聚糖酶-甘露聚糖酶融合酶基因Linker优化及其在猪肾pK15细胞中共表达

[目的]构建木聚糖酶（XynB）与甘露聚糖酶（ManA）的融合酶基因，使其能在哺乳动物表达系统中表达并分泌兼有木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶活性的双功能融合酶。[方法]利用基因融合技术（SOE—PCR），把11条Linker融合到木聚糖酶（XynB）和甘露聚糖酶（ManA）基因间，构建真核表达载体，经转染猪肾细胞（pKl5）收集细胞培养液，用DNS法测定其酶活并进行酶学分析。[结果]经表达分析12条不同Linker构建的融合酶与亲本酶酶活，发现用Linkera3、pS3和具有“自我剪切”能力T2A构建的融合酶在木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶活性都显著高于两亲本酶。融合酶XynB-a3-ManA的木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶酶活比亲本酶XynB和ManA分别提高了54．06％和104．40％；该融合酶在酸性环境3．0—7．0起作用，对pH3．08．0具有一定的耐受力。[结论]首次获得可在哺乳动物系统表达分泌的增强型双功能XynB—ManA融合酶。

利用SFX Citaion Linker实现电子图书的跨平台应用

阐述清华大学实现电子图书跨平台应用的前期准备工作,介绍SFX Citation Linker的工作机制,提出利用商业系统的标准接口实现电子图书跨平台应用的具体思路和方案。最后,从如何挖掘商业系统的深层功能实现图书馆主动服务的角度给出建议。

有linker插入的靶向核糖核酸酶抑制乙肝病毒复制

目的 :构建人嗜酸性粒细胞来源的神经毒素(hEDN )与乙肝病毒核心蛋白 (HBVc)之间插入有linker(Gly4Ser) 3 的融合真核表达载体 (该融合蛋白即为靶向核糖核酸酶 ) ,以优化分子折叠 ,并将其应用于抑制HBV复制的体外研究 .方法 :以第四军医大学病原生物学教研室已构建的pcDNA3.1 (- ) /TR为基础 .首先合成linker序列 ,经过退火形成双链并克隆入 pcDNA3.1 (- ) /TR生成pcDNA3.1 (- ) /HBc linker质粒 ;随后hEDN片段经PCR扩增后克隆入 pcDNA3.1 (- ) /HBc linker质粒生成 pcDNA3.1 (- ) /TNL质粒 ,其中效应分子 (hEDN)与靶向分子 (HBVc)之间为linker序列 .应用间接免疫荧光法检测 pcDNA3.1 (- ) /TNL在细胞的表达 ,并应用放免法测定其抗HBV活性 .同时 ,应用MTT比色法检测细胞的代谢活性 .结果 :成功构建了有linker (Gly4Ser) 3 介入的hEDN和HBVc真核融合表达载体 ;并在HepG2 .2 .1 5细胞中得到有效表达 .转染质粒 pcDNA3.1(- ) /TNL与 pcDNA3.1 (- ) /TR相比可明显地降低HepG2 .2 .1 5细胞上清中HBsAg的含量 (P <0 .0 5 ) .MTT比色分析表明细胞代谢活性未受到影响 (P >0 .0 5 ) .结论

Aβ_(1-15)多价DNA疫苗的构建及其对体液免疫的效果

【目的】构建Aβ1-15多价DNA疫苗,研究其诱导体液免疫的效果。【方法】基因合成和PCR技术扩增以多个甘氨酸连接的Aβ1-15二价基因片段;在N端引物延伸加上IgGκ轻链信号肽序列;GSGGSGlinker再串连两段Aβ1-15二价基因片段,克隆入pcDNA3.1表达载体,构建pcDNA3.1-s4×Aβ15真核表达质粒;质粒转染COS-7细胞,Westernblot检测4×Aβ15的表达;质粒肌肉注射接种BALB/c鼠,共6次,18周加强免疫,ELISA法检测抗体效价以及抗体分型;免疫组织化学和Aβ42肽抗原的中和实验检测抗血清与转基因鼠Tg2576脑切片中老年斑的特异结合。【结果】测序证实所构建的pcDNA3.1-s4×Aβ15载体序列正确,在COS-7细胞中表达分子质量约8ku的分泌型4×Aβ15蛋白。pcDNA3.1-s4×Aβ15疫苗于第2次加强免疫后产生Aβ抗体,随加强免疫次数增多,抗体滴度增加,在19周,抗体平均滴度为1︰6400,抗体以IgG1型为主,且可以与转基因鼠Tg2576脑切片中的老年斑免疫结合并被Aβ42肽抗原的中和。【结论】所构建的pcDNA3.1-s4×Aβ15疫苗可在小鼠体内产生高效价的Aβ抗体,为下一步免疫老年性痴呆转基因动物的研究提供条件。

cTnI-linker-TnC融合蛋白基因的构建、表达及鉴定

目的重组及表达人cTnI-linker-TnC融合蛋白。方法应用PCR技术从人心脏cDNA文库分别扩增出cTnI和TnC基因,通过引物设计在两者之间加上19个中性氨基酸残基TS-(G4S)3-AC的linker编码序列,克隆PCR产物,并构建pET28a-cTnI-linker-TnC表达质粒,转化入大肠杆菌表达菌株BL21(DE3)中,用异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导目的蛋白的表达,NTA树脂亲和层析纯化后检测其纯度和免疫反应性。结果成功构建了cTnI-linker-TnC融合蛋白的基因,并在大肠杆菌中实现可溶性高表达,在摇瓶中的表达量为21 mg/L,经一步NTA树脂亲和层析纯化,获得条带单一的目的蛋白,采用进口全自动免疫检测系统鉴定证实,目的蛋白有较高的免疫反应性。结论采用原核表达方法可以获得具有高纯度和高免疫反应活性的cTnI-linker-TnC融合蛋白。

IL-6D_(24)- Linker-PE40重组毒素的分子生物学特性预测

目的：探讨重组毒素ＩＬ６Ｄ２４ＬｉｎｋｅｒＰＥ４０融合蛋白及其接头设计的合理性。方法：应用核酸和蛋白质序列分析软件系统ＧＯＬＤＫＥＹ软件，对ＩＬ６Ｄ２４ＬｉｎｋｅｒＰＥ４０重组毒素融合蛋白的柔性、抗原性、亲水性、表位等分子生物学特性进行计算机模拟预测，并做Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析进行验证。结果：ＩＬ６Ｄ２４ＬｉｎｋｅｒＰＥ４０分别保留了ＩＬ６Ｄ２４和ＰＥ４０的表位特征，没有新的抗原表位出现，而且柔性接头处具有极低的抗原性。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析结果表明融合蛋白能分别与ＩＬ６和ＰＥＡ的单克隆抗体发生特异结合，这说明融合蛋白保留了ＩＬ６和ＰＥ４０的空间结构特征。

Google学术搜索工具及其在我馆的应用

分析了Google学术搜索在学术资源服务体系中的积极作用。Google学术搜索继承了Google的优点,吸引了大批用户。它基本上可以正确地甄别资源的学术性,在搜索的效果方面也有不错的表现,在弥补图书馆对公开获取资源的资源服务方面,起到很好的补充作用。但是也有不足之处。比如没有考虑用户的资源环境,不能很好地解决“合适版本”的问题,不能避免用户的无效链接现象。最后介绍了北京师范大学图书馆对Google学术搜索的理解和实际应用的做法。以及通过参加Library Link计划,将Google学术搜索成功纳入图书馆学术资源服务体系的成功案例。最后的统计数字说明Google学术搜索在该校起到了很好的资源服务作用。