Fossil Equidae in the Linxia Basin with Biostratigraphic and Paleozoogeographic Significance

The Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments,that contain exceptionally rich fossil resources.Equids are abundant in the Linxia Basin,the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 genera.In comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China,the Linxia Basin stands out,because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for biostratigraphy.The anchitheriines in the region,such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus,represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene,respectively.Among the equines,most species of Chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for China.Furthermore,Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well-represented at the Longdan locality.Some species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high-resolution chronological units within this framework.Located at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift,the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.

Sequence of the Cenozoic Mammalian Faunas of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China

In the Linxia Basin on the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the Cenozoic strata are very thick and well exposed. Abundant mammalian fossils are discovered in the deposits from the Late Oligocene to the Early Pleistocene. The Dzungariotherium fauna comes from the sandstones of the Jiaozigou Formation, including many representative Late Oligocene taxa. The Platybelodon fauna comes from the sandstones of the Dongxiang Formation and the conglomerates of the Laogou Formation, and its fossils are typical Middle Miocene forms, such as Hemicyon, Amphicyon, Platybelodon, Choerolophodon, Anchitherium, and Hispanotherium. The Hipparion fauna comes from the red clay of the Liushu and Hewangjia Formations, and its fossils can be distinctly divided into four levels, including three Late Miocene levels and one Early Pliocene level. In the Linxia Basin, the Hipparion fauna has the richest mammalian fossils. The Equus fauna comes from the Wucheng Loess, and it is slightly older than that of the classical Early Pleistocene Nihewan Fauna. The mammalian faunas from the Linxia Basin provide the reliable evidence to divide the Cenozoic strata of this basin and correlate them with European mammalian sequence.

Terrestrial Mio-Pliocene Boundary in the Linxia Basin,Gansu,China

The Lower Pliocene of the Linxia Basin in Gansu Province is one of only a few representative sections for the Early Pliocene sedimentary records in northern China, and even in East Asia. Recently,abundant mammalian fossils were found from the base of red clays of the Lower Pliocene Hewangjia Formation at Duikang in Guanghe County within this basin. Previously, the Pliocene mammals were sparsely found in China, and most were collected from fluvial and lacustrine deposits in the eastern Loess Plateau. Mammals from the widely distributed Pliocene Hipparion Red Clay are less in number.The known fossils from Duikang include 20 species and belong to the Shilidun Fauna. Their faunal components are similar to the Early Pliocene Gaozhuang Fauna from Ynshe, Shanxi. On the other hand, some taxa from Duikang have not been found in the Gaozhuang Fauna, are slightly more primitive in evolutionary level, and appeared mainly in the Late Miocene. As a result, the age of the Duikang fossils may be slightly earlier than that of the Gaozhuang Fauna and closer to the lower boundary of the Piiocene. The Duikang fossiliferons bed is 0.8 m above the top of the Late Miocene Linshu Formation, and the first occurrence of the three-toed horse Hipparion pater can be regarded as a biostratigraphical marker of the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. In conclusion, Duikang is an ideal candidate locality to establish as the stratotype of the lower boundary of the Chinese terrestrial Pliocene.

Relations Between Paleoclimatological Conditions and Mineralogical Characteristics of Clays in Miocene Sediments at Linxia Basin, China

Linxia Basin is a late Cenozoic fault-block basin along the border between the Tibet plateau and the Loess plateau in Northwestern China. Its formation and sediments record may be directly affected by the structural dynamics and the uplift of the Tibet Plateau. For this reason, we studied the mineral characteristics of the Maogou formation of Miocene sediments using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results showed that quartz, chlorite, illite, calcite, plagioclase, orthoclase, kaolinite, and trace palygorskite are present throughout the sequence of the cross-section in Linxia basin. In contrast, gypsum and ankerite occur occasionally in the upper portion of the Miocene deposits. The content of calcite varied with layers in the profile and was relatively concentrated in mudstone. Chlorite and illite were observed transforming into palygorskite under SEM observation. Based on the mineral characteristics and the change of mineral composition, especially the clay minerals, it could be inferred that an arid environment prevailed in the region with warm and cold intervals during Miocene time.

Linxia:Chinese Mecca

Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture is located in the northwest Gansu Province. Linxia used to be a strategically important town on the conjunction of ancient Silk Road, Tang Dynasty-Ancient Tibet Passage and Gansu-Sichuan

甘肃临夏高寒区饲用藜麦产草性能和营养价值

为解决高寒区饲草短缺难题,本研究分析了15个藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa)品种(系)生产性能及营养价值,计算相对饲喂价值,评价了各品种(系)综合指标。结果表明,干草产量最高的是‘GSQ6’,达20.78 t·hm^(−2);‘台湾红藜’鲜草产量最高,达112.46 t·hm^(−2);‘蒙藜1号’干鲜比最高,达到0.39;‘台湾红藜’茎叶比最高,达到2.75。‘白藜05’粗蛋白含量最高,达到14.84%;‘GSQ-7’粗脂肪含量最高,达到3.79%。‘陇藜4号’相对饲用价值最高。综合评价草产量、营养品质及饲用品质指标,临夏高寒地区适宜推广种植的饲用藜麦品种(系)为‘GSQ-6’‘陇藜4号’及‘台湾红藜’,其中‘GSQ-6’具有高产、纤维含量低及优良的适口性等特点,是一种优质的饲用藜麦品种。本研究结果为进一步提升藜麦饲草综合开发利用价值、促进草地畜牧业绿色健康发展提供了参考依据。

基于LightGBM模型的甘肃省临夏县滑坡易发性评价

甘肃省临夏县地质环境复杂,滑坡灾害发育,对当地居民生产生活造成严重威胁,亦对工程建设的开展造成一定阻碍,因此,选取高效准确的机器学习方法对临夏县进行滑坡易发性评价具有重大意义。首先依据遥感影像和野外勘察资料,选取了1718处滑坡样本,遴选了滑坡灾变的16种影响因子并建立滑坡影响因子评价体系;再结合预测精度和运行时间等指标对比了轻量级梯度提升机(LightGBM)模型与主流机器学习模型的性能;最后利用混淆矩阵分级方法进行了基于LightGBM模型的临夏县滑坡易发性评价。结果表明:临夏县重要滑坡影响因子为地表植被和地形地貌因子,其中土地覆盖为最主要影响因子;LightGBM模型预测精度高达0.931,且运行速度仅为11.7 s,既能保证高精度又极大提升了运行效率;在抽稀后的数据集上,LightGBM模型的预测表现、校准程度和分级结果均优于随机森林(RF)模型;混淆矩阵分级法的较高和高易发区内滑坡分布更为集中,在14.94%的区域内分布着86.86%的滑坡灾害点。滑坡易发性评价结果较好地反映了研究区内滑坡分布发育情况,可为当地工程建设及防灾减灾工作提供一定指导。

Late Cenozoic deformation subsequence in northeastern margin of Tibet --Detrital AFT records from Linxia Basin

Two events of Tibet uplifting are revealed by detrital apatite fission track (AFT) age data from Linxia Basin. They occurred at about 14 and 5.4-8.0 MaBP respectively. We interpret the first one to be related to the uplifting of the northern Tibet, which might have resulted from convectively removing the thickened lower lithosphere. The second one is a result of Laji Mountain uplifting. Numerous studies of the Tibetan Plateau suggest that the onset time of the deformation in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and the time of Tibet attaining to its present elevation is about 8 MaBP. They are approximately coincident with the uplift of Lajishan Mountain. It suggests that the northeastern margin of Tibet propagated northeastwardly to its present site in about 8 MaBP for accommodating the sustained convergence between India-Eurasia plate and for keeping its high elevation. The active block pattern dominating the strong earthquake distribution of Chinese continent probably formed at about 8.0-5.4 MaBP.

临夏盆地中新世一可能的新犬熊

报道了甘肃临夏盆地具体产地未知的一件犬熊下颌。该下颌展现出进步的牙齿特征,与过去发现于欧洲以及南亚的马德里犬熊Magericyon近似。这件犬熊化石指示东亚的犬熊多样性比以往认知的更高,但还需要更多具有明确层位信息的犬熊化石来进一步揭示东亚犬熊的演化。

Discovery of Giraffokeryx in China and the Tertiary Chronostratigraphy of Linxia, Gansu Province

The Linxia Basin in Gansu Province, extending across areas of Linxia and Lintao, istopographically located in the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. There arewell-developed Tertiary red deposits with a total thickness of about 500 m in this basin, whichwas named the Gansu Group by Hu Min in 1946, representing the Tertiary sediments.

数字经济赋能民族文化保护的模式研究——以甘肃临夏砖雕为例

文章提出我国临夏砖雕作为首批非物质文化遗产,具有高度的历史价值、文化价值和社会价值,但在发展过程中面临着一系列痛点问题,如产业规模小、场景应用局限性大、宣传方式单一、传承人较少面临断层等。基于此,本文基于数字经济特征,提出赋能临夏砖雕保护的模式,主要包括推动产业数字化发展变革、以数字“智造”提升产品竞争力、以数字管理搭建企业合作网络、以新经济模式吸引和培养更大范围的人才,从而为少数民族文化产业延续的“盈利造血”能力提供指导,进而推动临夏砖雕的可持续发展与传承。

临夏州脱毒马铃薯原原种高产优质繁育技术研究

临夏州地处三区三州地区,马铃薯是当地的支柱产业之一。为了提高临夏州脱毒马铃薯原原种生产能力,加快马铃薯产业发展进程,从马铃薯茎尖剥离、脱毒苗快繁、网棚建立、苗床准备、炼苗移栽、网室管理、病虫害防控、原原种收获、原原种贮藏等方面,总结了适用于临夏州地区马铃薯脱毒原原种繁育生产关键技术,以期为本地区马铃薯原原种工厂化繁育提供技术支撑,助力马铃薯产业发展。

甘肃临夏盆地椒子沟组上部满散村小哺乳动物群

记述了中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所一野外队于2015年在甘肃临夏盆地东乡县满散村附近的椒子沟组上部首次发现的6属10种小哺乳动物化石。其中4个属(Sinolagomys, Litodonomys, Heterosminthus和Yindirtemys)已知最早出现于晚渐新世;两个种(Sinolagomys kansuensis和Heterosminthus lanzhouensis)仅在晚渐新世出现过。该动物群(及其产出地层)的时代很可能为晚渐新世,可称为晚渐新世满散村动物群。该动物群中有一些在牙沟动物群(产于椒子沟组下部)中尚未出现的更晚的属种,并且缺少那些在牙沟动物群中存在的较古老的属种。结合两个动物群的产出层位,满散村动物群的时代要比牙沟动物群晚。如果牙沟动物群的时代为晚渐新世早期,满散村动物群的时代很可能为晚渐新世晚期。这样,椒子沟组可能代表了整个晚渐新世时期的沉积。满散村动物群与亚洲已知的生物带和中国已知的晚渐新世哺乳动物群比较,比我国内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔生物带III和蒙古湖谷地区的生物带C和C1的时代要晚,而与我国西北地区峡沟、塔奔布鲁克、伊克布拉格和铁尔斯哈巴合动物群(或组合)时代相近,比石羌子沟动物群的时代稍晚。

多重饮食叙事中的民族交往交流交融——以甘肃临夏州打平伙风俗为例

打平伙是流行于我国广大民间的一种饮食文化,其不仅是劳动人民生存智慧的结晶,也是推动民族交往交流交融的地方文化要素。甘肃临夏回族自治州打平伙风俗蕴含着与区域内生态环境和谐共生的生态叙事、满足身体营养和邻里交往交流需求的功能叙事、传承饮食文化带动产业发展的文化叙事、促进各民族广泛交往全面交流深度交融的国家叙事。新时代,应充分挖掘打平伙风俗内含的文化价值,发挥其在促进民族交往交流交融中的重要作用。

甘肃临夏盆地韩集北山滑坡群致灾特征与稳定性评价

2018年8月24日,甘肃省临夏县韩集镇北山出现明显裂缝、局部下滑并形成滑坡群,紧邻坡脚和坡体上的房屋、基础设施遭到破坏。滑坡群在降雨、地震等影响下存在继续滑动的可能,对集镇和省道交通安全具有潜在威胁,因此开展滑坡群稳定性评价十分迫切。采用野外调查、极限平衡分析和有限元数值模拟方法,对北山滑坡群的各次级滑坡稳定性进行了系统评价,认为连续降雨或强降雨是造成北山出现大面积变形和形成多个次级滑坡的主要诱发因素,滑坡区地形、坡体结构和不合理的人类工程活动为滑坡的形成创造了条件。应用GeoStudio软件对滑坡群不同块体进行定量稳定性评价,结果表明:在自重工况下,滑坡群稳定性较好;在降雨工况下,除H10滑坡外,其余次级滑坡均可能进一步失稳破坏;若区内受到超越其地震基本烈度的地震作用,滑坡群稳定系数将迅速降低,各次级滑坡均可能出现快速失稳现象。根据滑坡群不同次级滑坡的变形特点和成灾模式,建议有针对性地采取坡脚挡土墙、削坡减载、锚杆框架、截排水渠、吊沟及排水抗滑设计等综合治理措施。为保证滑坡影响范围内的居民、建筑及交通安全,应加强滑坡群风险管控,在滑坡治理前需加强监测预警,动态掌握滑体的稳定状态。

甘肃临夏盆地牙沟地区椒子沟组底部的小哺乳动物化石

记述了中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所一野外队于2003年在甘肃临夏盆地牙沟附近的椒子沟组底部发现的小哺乳动物化石,计3目13科17个属。这个小哺乳动物化石群是中亚和东亚典型的渐新世组合。其中的14属(约为总数的82%)是亚洲渐新世所共有的,4个属(Ordolagus,Tataromys,Tsagonomys和Bagacricetodon)和Eucricetodon属的4个种的时代分布仅限于渐新世,Bagacricetodon属限于晚渐新世,Glis和Eomyodon两属在晚渐新世时首次出现。根据小哺乳动物化石组合,牙沟地区椒子沟组底部的时代可能为晚渐新世,这与根据大哺乳动物化石得出的结论一致。与中亚和东亚地区其他已知的晚渐新世哺乳动物群比较,由于该动物群中具有两个原仅在始新世出现的属(Anatolechinos和Gobiomys)和缺少较进步的属,其时代比内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔带III和蒙古湖谷地区的生物带C稍早。这与现在对毛沟剖面的古地磁解释大致一致,即椒子沟组的下界可能与Chron C10r(~29 Ma)相当。牙沟动物群包含有大量喜欢干旱的zapodines,ctenodactylids,cricetids,lagomorphs和穴居的Tsaganomys化石,而且产化石地层的岩性主要是由含有石膏的褐红色泥岩组成,这些都倾向于表明牙沟地区在晚渐新世时主要为半干旱的林地-灌木林地环境。在晚渐新世时,在亚洲和欧洲之间共有4属小哺乳动物,而在亚洲和北美洲只共有一属动物,这表明在晚渐新世时,欧亚之间动物群的交流要比亚洲与北美之间的多,这可能与土尔盖海峡在晚渐新世时消失有关。

磷肥对甘肃临夏地区红豆草种子生产及土壤养分的影响

为探讨磷肥对甘肃高寒雨养区红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia)种子生产性能及土壤养分的影响,明确当地红豆草种子生产中的磷肥最佳用量,设置5个磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))水平(C_(1):135 kg·hm^(-2),C_(2):分2次施入90 kg·hm^(-2),C_(3):90 kg·hm^(-2),C_(4):45 kg·hm^(-2),CK:0 kg·hm^(-2)),分析不同磷肥水平下红豆草种子产量、相关性状以及土壤养分的变化。结果表明:施磷可以促进红豆草株高、单株花序数、花序荚果数和种子产量的增长,C_(1)、C_(2)、C_(3)、C_(4)处理种子产量较CK依次增加了16.18%、25.00%、17.65%和2.32%;施磷提高了土壤速效氮和速效钾含量,C_(1)、C_(2)、C_(3)、C_(4)土壤速效氮含量较CK依次增加了10.31%、11.31%、13.61%和6.53%;C_(1)速效钾含量较CK增加了5.51%;施磷还会引起土壤速效磷含量的大幅度上升,C_(1)、C_(2)、C_(3)、C_(4)较CK依次增加了356.69%、98.16%、62.60%、52.32%。研究结果表明,分枝期和现蕾期各施P_(2)O_(5)45 kg·hm^(-2)的施磷模式比较合理,种子产量较CK增加了25.00%,是适合在甘肃高寒雨养区红豆草种子生产中采取的磷肥施肥方式和用量。

磷肥对甘肃临夏地区燕麦干草及种子生产的影响

为确定甘肃高寒雨养区燕麦(Avena sativa)种子生产中磷肥最佳用量,提高肥料利用效率,试验在氮肥(尿素)用量75 kg·hm^(-2)的固定水平下,设计4个磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))水平(0(CK),65(C_(1)),100(C_(2)),135(C_(3))kg·hm^(-2)),对各磷肥水平下干草产量、种子产量和相关性状的变化进行了研究。结果表明:施用磷肥使燕麦的株高、茎粗、分蘖和干草产量均有提高,灌浆期C_(1),C_(2),C_(3)干草产量较CK依次提高13.85%,25.96%,22.65%,干草产量与磷肥水平显著正相关(相关系数0.91);施用磷肥提高了燕麦的有效分蘖数、主穗长,显著提高主穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重、种子产量和秸秆产量,C_(1),C_(2),C_(3)种子产量较CK依次提高12.37%,16.72%,14.38%,种子产量与磷肥水平显著正相关(相关系数0.89);P_(2)O_(5)100 kg·hm^(-2)是临夏地区燕麦干草和种子生产比较合理的施磷量。

基于建筑物详查的地震灾害重点隐患风险评估——以临夏州为例

随着经济的快速发展,地震灾害风险隐患对未来经济社会的可持续发展和人民美好生活的威胁和影响越来越大,未来城市遭遇地震灾害的风险也越来越高(陈鹏等,2023)。中国地质科学院团队针对建筑物的地震安全性评价,将断裂带同震地表破裂、地震峰值加速度、地震烈度等地表地震安全性评价考量的要素与地下空间埋藏深度建立联系.

临夏州水资源管理利用现状及节水对策

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