Magnesium Enhances the Hepatorenal Protective Effects of Lippia multiflora Aqueous Leaves Extract in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extract of Lippia multiflora supplemented with magnesium on some biochemical markers of the kidneys and liver in type 2 diabetic rats. Method: 7 groups of 4 STZ-diabetic rats received separately orally Glucophage® (Glu 10 mg/kg), the plant extract (LiMAE 200 - 600 mg/kg) and the plant extract supplemented with magnesium (LiMAE-Mg 200 - 600 mg/kg). After a daily treatment of 21 days, serum biochemical parameters were assayed in 16 hr-fasted rats. Results: Diabetes caused a significant (p Conclusion: The addition of magnesium to the extract of Lippia multiflora caused a greater reduction in the levels of urea, creatinine, ALT and AST increased in STZ-diabetic rats. Magnesium would therefore enhance the nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of Lippia multiflora in diabetic rats.

常绿岩垂草(Lippia nodiflora‘KURAPIA-S1’)对持续淹水胁迫的生理响应

为了验证常绿岩垂草能否用于三峡库区消落区植被的构建,对常绿岩垂草进行了80d的持续淹水胁迫,研究了其生理指标的响应。结果显示:淹水胁迫下,常绿岩垂草叶片中的POD活性、SOD活性和CAT活性总体表现为先上升后下降,POD活性在80d时显著低于对照,SOD活性始终显著低于对照,CAT活性始终显著低于对照而在40 d时显著高于对照。MDA含量、PRO含量总体表现为下降,均始终显著低于对照;相对电导率总体表现为上升,始终显著高于对照;常绿岩垂草存活率为100%,能够持续产生新的叶片,新生叶片及茎干较小且直立,老叶片不断枯死凋落,对照则停止生长新叶,叶色转暗。研究结果表明,常绿岩垂草可以通过生理和形态学的响应来适应水淹胁迫,具有较强的水淹耐受能力,可用于三峡库区消落带植被恢复与重建。

Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Lippia adoensis Hochst ex.Walp(Verneneaceae) Leaf Essential Oil Against Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Essential oil （EO） of Nigeria-grown Lippia adoensis leaf was analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry （GCMS） and its fumigant and repellent properties against Callosobruchus maculatus were evaluated. Sixteen compounds predominated by monoterpenes were identified. The major compounds were Eucalyptol （28.36%）, α-Terpineol （25.99%）, γ-Terpinene （15.24%）, α-Pinene （5.08%）, 1H-Cyclopropa[a]naphthalene （4.25%） and 1, 3, 6, 10-Dodeeatetraene （3.74%）. Percentage mortality due to fumigant toxicity was dose- and exposure period-dependent. One hour after treatment （HAT）, application of L. adoensis leaf EO at 107 μL· L^-1 air caused significantly （p〈0.05） higher mortality （50.00%） than 0.00% mortality observed at 0-53 μL· L^-1 air, but not significantly （p〉0.05） different from 22.50% observed in 80 μL· L^-1 air. At 3 HAT, application ofL. adoensis EO at 80 μL· L^-1 air caused significantly higher mortality （90.00 %） than mortality observed at 0 μL· L^-1 air. At 6 HAT, application of L. adoensis EO at 53-107 μL· L^-1 air caused significantly higher mortality （100.00 %） than that was observed in the control. The same trend was observed at 12 HAT where 100 % mortality observed in 27-107 μL· L^-1 air was significantly greater than 13.33 % observed in the control. At 3 HAT, percentage repellence was significantly （p〈0.05） affected by doses. Application of EO at 10-30 μL· cm^2 caused class V repellence （86.67%-100%） compared with the control which caused class I repellence （0-20%）.

Determination of the Minerals of the Herbal Tea and Tea Green from Lippia multiflora

This study aims to determine the mineral composition of green teas and herbal tea in the savannah tea plant. Samples of buds, young leaves and broadleaf stems were collected from wild plants of Lippia multiflora in three localities, including two from the Center (Yamoussoukro, Toumodi) and one from the northeast (Bondoukou) of Côte d’Ivoire. The lipid and ash contents were carried out by the AOAC method. The total protein and sugar contents were determined by the Kjeldahl and Agbo methods, respectively. Nine minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, manganese, zinc, copper and cadmium) were quantitated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) from green teas (buds and young leaves) and herbal tea of Lippia multiflora. The results showed that ash levels (7.05% - 13.94%) and protein (6.22% - 9.97%) were high, however the lipid contents (1.01% - 2.98%) and total sugars (1.43% - 4.51%) are low. Majority of the minerals are calcium (2320.91 to 36150.10 mg/kg), potassium (2110.71 to 12174.67 mg/kg) and magnesium (3620.87 - 5870.46 mg/kg). Iron (52.55 to 483.11 mg/kg), sodium (35.66 to 469.16 mg/kg) and manganese (15.25 to 76.86 mg/kg) are represented in average proportions. There are small amounts of zinc (9.61 - 47.50 mg/kg), copper (5.66 - 8.71 mg/kg), and cadmium (0.17 - 1.49 mg/kg). Lippia multiflora herbal teas and green teas are low in fat, high in ash and are good sources of protein and minerals.

Nutritional Value of Lippia nodiflora( L. ) Greene as Feed

To analyze the nutritional value as feed,the aerial stem and leaves of Lippia nodiflora( L.) Greene and Phyla nodiflora( L.) Greene were sampled to measure the nutritional indices. The nutritional indices were also compared with common forage grass,and the development value of L. nodiflora as feed was analyzed. Compared with P. nodiflora,L. nodiflora had obvious fast-growing and high-yield abilities. The contents of crude fat,crude fiber,crude ash,lysine,vitamin C,Ca,and Fe in L. nodiflora were obviously higher than that in P. nodiflora,but the content of crude protein and total P in L. nodiflora were significantly lower than that in P. nodiflora. Compared with common forage feed ryegrass,alfalfa,millet straw and corn straw,L. nodiflora had higher contents of crude fat and crude ash and lower contents of crude fiber and crude protein. Therefore,L. nodiflora had higher development value as feed.

Antioxidant Activity of the Natural Flavonoid 7-Hydroxy-5,6,4’-trimethoxyflavone Isolated from the Leaves of Lippia rugosa A. Chev

Phytochemical studies and antioxidant activities were carried out on n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol extracts of the leaves of Lippia rugosa A. Chev (Verbenaceae), a medicinal plant used traditionally in the Cameroonian savannah’s region to protect foodstuffs and to cure degenerative diseases. Results indicated that theses extracts contain terpenoids, phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Except the n-hexane extract, all of the obtained extracts exhibit antioxidant activities with the ethanol extract being the most effective with an inhibition percentage of 85.668% ± 1.233% and an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 58 μg/ml (R2 = 0.987, P < 0.01) at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. Chromatographic separation on silica gel of the ethanol extract led to the isolation of a pure organic compound which was characterized as 7-hydroxy-5,6,4'-trimethox- yflavone by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, a flavonoid exhibiting antioxidative activity with an inhibitory percentage of 25.506% ± 0.205% and inhibition concentration (IC50) of 221 μg/ml (R2 = 0.966, P < 0.01). This is the first time that 7-hydroxy-5,6,4'-trimethoxyflavone is being isolated from L. rugosa and its antioxidant activity evaluated.

岩垂草在重庆石漠化地区的引种适应性研究(英文)

中国西南岩溶区石漠化问题日益加剧,同时石漠化治理的技术和模式也逐渐丰富,但这些方法与技术专属性较强,难以移植。针对重庆石漠化地区的具体情况,选择引种岩垂草作为一种先锋植物。通过在重庆南川区和巫山县石漠化地区的引种栽培试验,对岩垂草的物候期、生长速度、抗逆性进行观测。结果表明,岩垂草生长迅速,抗旱力强,死亡率低,对钙有适应性,适宜在石漠化地区推广。

常绿岩垂草抗旱生理特性分析

选用1年生常绿岩垂草为研究对象,设置持续干旱(7、14、21、28、35 d)和定期浇水2个处理,在重庆夏季连续高温干旱条件下,测定叶片的各项生理生化指标,结果显示:在干旱胁迫下,岩垂草叶片含水率与土壤含水率呈同步降低趋势;脯氨酸含量与伤害率、可溶性糖含量有相似的变化趋势,均对干旱胁迫表现出敏感的变化;可溶性糖、脯氨酸等可溶物累积,渗透调节能力随干旱程度的加强而增强,植株吸收土壤水分能力同步增强,但在持续干旱条件下,细胞膜受损严重,其对干旱的适应能力达到极限后,相关指标又会下降;丙二醛测定结果表明,在伏旱高温环境下岩垂草细胞膜受损明显且呈现梯状变化规律,浇水并不能明显改善细胞膜受损程度;浇水处理与干旱处理叶绿素含量均表现出较特异的稳步升高趋势。

岩垂草在重庆石漠化地区的引种适应性研究

我国西南岩溶区石漠化问题日益加剧,同时石漠化治理的技术和模式也逐渐丰富,但这些方法与技术专属性较强,难以移植。针对重庆石漠化地区的具体情况,选择引种岩垂草作为一种先锋植物,通过在重庆南川区和巫山县石漠化地区的引种栽培试验,对岩垂草的物候期、生长速度、抗逆性进行观测。结果表明,岩垂草生长迅速,抗旱力强,死亡率低,对钙有适应性,适宜在石漠化地区推广。

柠檬马鞭草快速繁殖技术研究

选择柠檬马鞭草带腋芽的幼嫩茎段为外植体进行快速繁殖.结果表明,腋芽诱导的最适培养基是MS基本培养基附加6-BA 0.5～1.0 mg/L和IBA 0.1～0.3 mg/L,外植体腋芽能正常萌发生长,并迅速进入增殖状态,20 d转接1次,增殖倍数在3倍以上;最适生根培养基是1/2 MS基本培养基附加IBA 0.5 mg/L,诱导生根率达99%.将生根苗移入苗盆,30 d的成活率在85%以上.

日本岩垂草在岩溶山地的生态效益研究

本文首次在岩溶山地生态重建中引进优质草种——日本岩垂草(Lippia nodiflora(L.)Greene),通过对其盖度、根系特征、径流量和抗侵蚀能力的研究,探讨其在岩溶山地的生态效益,寻求修复岩溶地区脆弱生态系统的途径,并为日本岩垂草在岩溶山地种植推广提供依据。试验表明,日本岩垂草对降低地表径流量收效明显,在种植了3个月后,地表径流量已经由110mm下降到42mm,下降了62%;抗侵蚀能力强,在同样的雨强和降雨量情况下,其侵蚀量只是传统耕地的5.60%～5.83%;根系生长速度快,密度大,数量多,种植90d时盖度已达100%。实验证明,日本岩垂草具有优秀的生态修复和生态美化能力,能够有效地改善岩溶地区脆弱的生态状况。

重庆地区常绿岩垂草引种生物入侵风险评价

为了防控引种可能带来的危害,对已引物种应进行生态入侵风险评估,建立相应监控对策。笔者通过查阅资料、实地调研、专家咨询等方法,应用外来种入侵的风险评估体系及风险评价标准,对重庆地区常绿岩垂草引种生物入侵的风险性进行了分析,结论为:在重庆地区,常绿岩垂草属于具有一定风险的外来种,需要进一步地获取相关信息或采取防范监控措施。

常绿岩垂草饲料营养价值研究

[目的]分析常绿岩垂草和过江藤的饲料营养价值。[方法]剪取过江藤和常绿岩垂草的地上茎叶,测定其营养指标,并与常用饲草进行比较,分析其作为饲草的开发价值。[结果]与过江藤相比,常绿岩垂草具有明显的速生与丰产能力。常绿岩垂草的粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、赖氨酸、维生素C、Ca、Fe含量明显高于过江藤,粗蛋白和全P含量明显低于过江藤。与常用饲草黑麦草、紫花苜蓿、谷草、玉米秸杆相比,常绿岩垂草具有较高的粗脂肪、粗灰分含量和较低的粗纤维、粗蛋白质含量。[结论]常绿岩垂草具有较高的饲料开发价值。

5个品种岩垂草引种试验研究

对引进的5个品种的岩垂草和本地品种过江藤从物候期、覆盖面积及生物量进行了生长对比试验研究。结果表明,5个品种岩垂草的覆盖面积与生物量均极显著大于本地品种过江藤。其中,4号和2号品种覆盖面积远大于其它品种,而地下部分生物量占总生物量的比例最高的两个也为4号和2号,该两个品种岩垂草是石漠化治理和保水固土的理想材料。

过江藤不同部位微量元素含量的测定

[目的]测定过江藤不同部位的铜、铁、锌、锰的含量,探讨过江藤的开发利用价值。[方法]用硝酸、高氯酸混合酸消解样品,采用原子吸收光度法对过江藤根、茎、叶中铜、铁、锌、锰4种微量元素含量进行了测定。[结果]过江藤各个部位都含有较丰富的铜、铁、锌、锰元素,其中铁元素居首位。[结论]过江藤根、茎和叶中铁、锰、锌含量均较高,所以全草入药较为合适,与中药大典的提法一致。

新外来中药发热茶的中药药性探讨

发热茶为马鞭草科植物Lippia javanica(Burm.f.)Spreng.,原产于非洲中部、东部和南部,多用于治疗感冒、咳嗽、疟疾、腹泻、痢疾等疾病。采用外来中药研究方法,本文对Web of Science、PubMed、CNKI等数据库中发热茶的文献进行研究,以临床应用文献为导向,结合中医药理论对发热茶的中药药性进行理论分析。通过分析和综合归纳,将发热茶的中药药性概括为辛、苦、凉,归肺、大肠经,可疏散风热、清热燥湿、杀虫截疟,用于治疗风热感冒、湿热泻痢、虫积腹痛、疟疾寒热;外治湿疹湿疮,蜱虫。水煎服,每日用量为1~2 g;外用适量。发热茶药理作用和治病特点突出,又可内外同治,具有独特的药用价值。本文首次赋予发热茶中药药性,明确其中药性能有利于辨证施治,便于与其他中药配伍使用,为推广扩大其应用奠定基础。