Fuel consumption is one of the main concerns for heavy-duty trucks.Predictive cruise control(PCC)provides an intriguing opportunity to reduce fuel consumption by using the upcoming road information.In this study,a rea...Fuel consumption is one of the main concerns for heavy-duty trucks.Predictive cruise control(PCC)provides an intriguing opportunity to reduce fuel consumption by using the upcoming road information.In this study,a real-time implementable PCC,which simultaneously optimizes engine torque and gear shifting,is proposed for heavy-duty trucks.To minimize fuel consumption,the problem of the PCC is formulated as a nonlinear model predictive control(MPC),in which the upcoming road elevation information is used.Finding the solution of the nonlinear MPC is time consuming;thus,a real-time implementable solver is developed based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle and indirect shooting method.Dynamic programming(DP)algorithm,as a global optimization algorithm,is used as a performance benchmark for the proposed solver.Simulation,hardware-in-the-loop and real-truck experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed controller.The results demonstrate that the MPC-based solution performs nearly as well as the DP-based solution,with less than 1%deviation for testing roads.Moreover,the proposed co-optimization controller is implementable in a real-truck,and the proposed MPC-based PCC algorithm achieves a fuel-saving rate of 7.9%without compromising the truck’s travel time.展开更多
In this study,a human-sensitive frequency band vibration isolator(HFBVI)with quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)characteristics for heavy-duty truck seats is designed to improve the comfort of heavy-duty truck drivers on uneven...In this study,a human-sensitive frequency band vibration isolator(HFBVI)with quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)characteristics for heavy-duty truck seats is designed to improve the comfort of heavy-duty truck drivers on uneven roads.First,the analytical expressions for the force and displacement of the HFBVI are derived with the Lagrange equation and d'Alembert's principle,and are validated through the prototype restoring force testing.Second,the harmonic balance method(HBM)is used to obtain the dynamic responses under harmonic excitation,and further the influence of pre-stretching on the dynamic characteristics and transmissibility is discussed.Finally,the experimental prototype of the HFBVI is fabricated,and vibration experiments are conducted under harmonic excitation to verify the vibration isolation performance(VIP)of the proposed vibration isolator.The experimental results indicate that the HFBVI can effectively suppress the frequency band(4-8 Hz)to which the human body is sensitive to vertical vibration.In addition,under real random road spectrum excitation,the HFBVI can achieve low-frequency vibration isolation close to 2 Hz,providing new prospects for ensuring the health of heavy-duty truck drivers.展开更多
阐述了LNG重型卡车空调系统冷能利用的设计原理,以LNG为实验介质,通过计算机仿真和实验台模拟试验检验了该系统的可行性。开发了基于LNG无相变低温换热冷能利用空调系统替代蒸汽压缩制冷机组,通过理论计算和空调系统装置实验表明:在环...阐述了LNG重型卡车空调系统冷能利用的设计原理,以LNG为实验介质,通过计算机仿真和实验台模拟试验检验了该系统的可行性。开发了基于LNG无相变低温换热冷能利用空调系统替代蒸汽压缩制冷机组,通过理论计算和空调系统装置实验表明:在环境温度30—35℃,LNG由储存温度-160℃汽化至环境温度15℃,流量为25.194 kg/h时,理论计算冷量释放达6.13 k W,冷回收换热器空调冷媒的进出口温度达-9℃、-15℃;重卡空调进、出口空气温度达35℃、14℃,空调出风量为0.278 m^3/s,静态运行时实际回收冷量1.69 k W,回收率达27.6%。设计冷回收空调系统运行良好,制冷迅速,满足重卡驾驶室空调冷负荷,这样既为LNG船舶和汽车等交通工具空调系统提供了一个有效的解决方案,又利于冷能回收,缓解传统电压缩空调对燃料的消耗。展开更多
基金Supported by International Technology Cooperation Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality of China(Grant No.21160710600)National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52372393)Shanghai Pujiang Program of China(Grant No.21PJD075).
文摘Fuel consumption is one of the main concerns for heavy-duty trucks.Predictive cruise control(PCC)provides an intriguing opportunity to reduce fuel consumption by using the upcoming road information.In this study,a real-time implementable PCC,which simultaneously optimizes engine torque and gear shifting,is proposed for heavy-duty trucks.To minimize fuel consumption,the problem of the PCC is formulated as a nonlinear model predictive control(MPC),in which the upcoming road elevation information is used.Finding the solution of the nonlinear MPC is time consuming;thus,a real-time implementable solver is developed based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle and indirect shooting method.Dynamic programming(DP)algorithm,as a global optimization algorithm,is used as a performance benchmark for the proposed solver.Simulation,hardware-in-the-loop and real-truck experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed controller.The results demonstrate that the MPC-based solution performs nearly as well as the DP-based solution,with less than 1%deviation for testing roads.Moreover,the proposed co-optimization controller is implementable in a real-truck,and the proposed MPC-based PCC algorithm achieves a fuel-saving rate of 7.9%without compromising the truck’s travel time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172226)。
文摘In this study,a human-sensitive frequency band vibration isolator(HFBVI)with quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)characteristics for heavy-duty truck seats is designed to improve the comfort of heavy-duty truck drivers on uneven roads.First,the analytical expressions for the force and displacement of the HFBVI are derived with the Lagrange equation and d'Alembert's principle,and are validated through the prototype restoring force testing.Second,the harmonic balance method(HBM)is used to obtain the dynamic responses under harmonic excitation,and further the influence of pre-stretching on the dynamic characteristics and transmissibility is discussed.Finally,the experimental prototype of the HFBVI is fabricated,and vibration experiments are conducted under harmonic excitation to verify the vibration isolation performance(VIP)of the proposed vibration isolator.The experimental results indicate that the HFBVI can effectively suppress the frequency band(4-8 Hz)to which the human body is sensitive to vertical vibration.In addition,under real random road spectrum excitation,the HFBVI can achieve low-frequency vibration isolation close to 2 Hz,providing new prospects for ensuring the health of heavy-duty truck drivers.
文摘阐述了LNG重型卡车空调系统冷能利用的设计原理,以LNG为实验介质,通过计算机仿真和实验台模拟试验检验了该系统的可行性。开发了基于LNG无相变低温换热冷能利用空调系统替代蒸汽压缩制冷机组,通过理论计算和空调系统装置实验表明:在环境温度30—35℃,LNG由储存温度-160℃汽化至环境温度15℃,流量为25.194 kg/h时,理论计算冷量释放达6.13 k W,冷回收换热器空调冷媒的进出口温度达-9℃、-15℃;重卡空调进、出口空气温度达35℃、14℃,空调出风量为0.278 m^3/s,静态运行时实际回收冷量1.69 k W,回收率达27.6%。设计冷回收空调系统运行良好,制冷迅速,满足重卡驾驶室空调冷负荷,这样既为LNG船舶和汽车等交通工具空调系统提供了一个有效的解决方案,又利于冷能回收,缓解传统电压缩空调对燃料的消耗。
