LOBSTER与MOG结合的目标检测方法

借助深度相机数据一定程度上解决了目标检测中的颜色伪装问题,但又导致深度伪装问题。针对这些问题,提出一种利用两种背景差分法分别作用于颜色和深度数据的目标检测方法。在场景颜色图像中采用基于改进的局部二值相似性模式(LOBSTER)的背景差分法检测运动目标;在深度图中,对孔洞(无深度值)像素和有深度值的像素分别进行背景建模,得到一个混合的背景模型,然后用混合高斯模型背景差分法得到深度图的二值图像,再用差分后的Canny边缘检测图来补充目标的轮廓;将两种二值图像与Canny边缘检测的差分图用逻辑运算进行结合,形成运动目标。在后期处理中,加入了孔洞填充、形态学滤波及腐蚀膨胀操作,进一步提高目标的检测精度。实验结果表明,上述方法在测试数据集上得到的目标检测精度较高。

Establishment of BALB/c Mice Model for Food Allergy to Chinese Lobsters

[Objective] This study aimed to establish Balb/c mice model for food allergy caused by Chinese lobsters through using intraperitoneal injection for sensitization and explore methods for in vitro identification and evaluation of food allergy caused by Chinese lobsters. [Method] The 40 male Bal/c mice were divided into ovalbumin（OVA） positive control group, Coca＇s solution negative control group, blank control group and model group. Balb/c mice model was established by intraperitoneally injection of immunized Balb/c mice with OVA or Chinese lobster crude protein with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. IgE and histamine levels in serum after the second challenge were determined by ELISA method, and the specific IgE antibody titer was determined by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test（PCA）; additionally, spleen index and histological changes in the small intestine, as well as food allergy symptoms after challenge were also calculated or observed. [Results] After the last challenge, IgE content was（236.75 ±73.39） μg/L in the Chinese lobster crude protein group, revealing no difference with that in the OVA group, but significantly higher than that in either the Coca＇s solution group or the blank control group（P 0.01）;histamine content in serum in the Chinese lobster crude protein group was（406.55±232.79）, significantly higher than that in the blank control group（P0.01）. In the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test, IgE antibody titer reached 1/16 after the last challenge in the Chinese lobster crude protein group. Spleen index in both Chinese lobster crude protein group and OVA group was significantly greater than that in either the Coca＇s solution group or the blank control group（P0.01）. What＇s more, infiltration of inflammatory cells like lymphocytes and eosnophils at the lamina propria of intestinal mucosa was also observed both Chinese lobster crude protein group and OVA group. [Conclusion] This study established Balb/c mice model for food allergy caused by Chinese lobsters; serum IgE and ELISA assay and specific IgE antibody titer in PCA test can be used for the in vitro identification and evaluation of food allergies caused by Chinese lobsters.

Lobster Fishery Connectivity and Management In Indonesia Waters

The distribution of lobsters in Indonesian waters is very wide,even lobster species in Indonesia are also scattered in the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean,the Indian Ocean,Africa to Japanese waters.Indonesian waters are divided into 11(eleven)Fishery Management Zone(FMZ).Lobsters in Indonesia may come from various water areas,both national and regional water zones,and they’re called the sink population.Its spread is influenced by the movement of the current.Lobster seed is nurtured by nature through ocean currents from Australia,East Indonesia,Japan,then back to Australia.Lobsters have a complex life cycle,where adult lobsters inhabit coral reefs as a place to lay eggs,then hatch into planktonic larvae,and grow up in open seas and carry out diurnal and ontogenetic vertical migrations before returning to nurseries in shallow coastal areas and reefs,coral,as well as habitat by the type of species.Literature research had used at least two methodologies to estimate the distribution and connection sensitivity matrices of marine organism larvae.The two most common approaches are using genetic markers and numerical biophysical modeling.Thus,this research uses molecular genetic techniques to explain the ge­netic structure of lobster populations using a biophysical model approach that can explain the genetic structure of lobsters,as well as the distribution based on regional oceanographic synthesis data and lobster biology known in Indonesian waters.This model has four components,namely:1)a ben­thic module based on a Geographical Information System(GIS)which is a lobster habitat in the spawning and recruitment process,2)a physical oceanography module containing daily velocity in the form of a three-di­mensional hydrodynamic model,3)a larva biology module that describes larval life history characteristics,and 4)a Lagrangian Stochastic module that tracks the individual trajectories of larvae.

虹膜蟹夹式(Lobster Claw)人工晶体的应用

本文介绍了荷兰Groningen公司生产的虹膜蟹夹式(lobster claw)人工晶体的特点、手术适应证、手术方法、术后合并症.并讨论了它的优缺点.

Sustainability level of the pearl lobster(Panulirus ornatus)aquaculture business using the systems of floating-net cage and fixed-net cage:A case study in South Sulawesi Province,Indonesia

Marine aquaculture is currently the fastest-growing seafood industry globally,offering a potential solution to overfishing problems,while enhancing food security and income generation.South Sulawesi,a province in Indonesia,is rich in aquaculture resources,one of which is lobster.The two commonly used aquaculture systems are the floating-net cage(KJA)and fixed-net cage(KJD).The growing market demand and rising lobster prices pose a threat to resource sustainability due to overexploitation.This is issue have to be addressed to achieve sustainable fishery development.Sustainability is the primary focus on global fishery development.According to the United Nations,sustainable development encompasses three dimensions:the economy,social and ecology.Therefore,sustainable fishery,particularly aquaculture,relies on obtaining significant benefits while minimizing environmental damage.Hence,this study aimed to analyze the sustainability level of the pearl lobster(Panulirus ornatus)aquaculture in South Sulawesi,based on the provided background information.The study included a sample of 62 farmers.The sample selection involved the use of the stratified sampling method,with 51 farmers from(KJA)and 11 farmers from(KJD).The sustainability analysis,conducted through assessment of based farmers’perceptions,served as the analytical method.The findings revealed that pearl lobster(Panulirus ornatus)aquaculture has a medium level of sustainability.Employing Integrated Multi Tropic Aquaculture(IMTA)and Regional Integrated Multi Tropic Aquaculture(RIMTA)techniques is a recommended sustainability level.

动态背景下自适应LOBSTER算法的前景检测

目的前景检测是视频监控领域的研究重点之一。LOBSTER(local binary similarity segmenter)算法把Vi Be(visual background extractor)算法和LBSP(local binary similarity patterns)特征结合起来,在一般场景下取的了优良的检测性能,但是LOBSTER算法在动态背景下适应性差、检测噪声多。针对上述问题,提出一种改进的LOBSTER算法。方法在模型初始化阶段,计算各像素的LBSP特征值,并分别把像素的灰度值和LBSP特征值添加到各像素的颜色背景模型与LBSP背景模型中,增强了背景模型的描述能力;在像素分类阶段,根据背景复杂度自适应调整每个像素在颜色背景模型和LBSP背景模型中的分类阈值,降低了前景中的噪声;在模型更新阶段,根据背景复杂度自适应调整每个像素背景模型的更新策略,提高背景模型对动态背景的适应能力。结果本文算法与Vi Be算法和LOBSTER算法进行了对比实验,本文算法的前景图像比Vi Be算法和LOBSTER算法的噪声点大幅较低,本文算法的PCC指标在不同视频库中比Vi Be算法提高0.736%7.56%,比LOBSTER算法提高0.77%12.47%,FPR指标不到Vi Be算法和LOBSTER算法的1%。结论实验仿真结果表明,在动态背景的场景下,本文算法比Vi Be算法和LOBSTER算法检测到的噪声少,具有较高的准确率和鲁棒性。

脱乙酰甲壳素的制备及在羊绒染色中的应用

将龙虾壳通过清洗、超声波脱钙、碱煮、氧化脱色、晒干、脱乙酰基等工序,制备脱乙酰甲壳素,并将其用于羊绒织物的染色。结果表明:脱乙酰甲壳素制备工艺简便,产率大于25%,含钙率小于1.2%,脱乙酰度大于30%,相对分子质量达1.50×10^(6),白度值大于75;羊绒染色温度可降至85℃;染后单纤维强力大于3.0 cN,手感柔软,色牢度达到4~5级。

潮州木雕“龙虾蟹篓”的审美表达探析

潮汕地区的手工艺者扎根本土生产条件和生活风情“孕育”出一批批匠心独运的优秀传统造物,它们丰富了中国传统造物体系的美育内涵和路径,是中华美育传统的重要组成部分。其中潮州木雕以高超的雕刻水平和独特的艺术构思成为潮州的文化符号之一。清末以来,得益于潮汕宗祠与祖屋的兴建和修缮,作为建筑构件的潮州木雕在雕梁画栋间增添了数不胜数的艺术精品,其中“龙虾蟹篓”作为中国东南沿海木雕中独有的创作题材体现了潮州木雕高超的技艺水平和独特的艺术视角。本文试图结合“龙虾蟹篓”题材兴起的历史语境与发展脉络探析潮州木雕作为美育载体的可能性。

Structure and mechanical properties of pincers for freshwater lobster

The mineral phases and structure of pincer for the freshwater lobster were analyzed and observed by using X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electronic microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and the mechanical properties of pincer were determined by using nano-indenter and micro-tribometer. The results showed that the pincers contained Ca, Mg, C, O, Na, etc. elements and there were many amorphous mineral phases in the lobster pincers. There were many concave hollows and convex domes with seta on the surface of pincer, and some spines were observed on the surface of seta, which exhibited non-smooth surface. The exoskeleton of pincer consisted of epicuticle, exocuticle and endocuticle, and the microstructure of exocuticle and endocuticle displayed the twisted plywood structure with chitin protein fibers. The mean hardness and elastic modulus on the surface of fresh pincers were 0.27 GPa and 5.28 GPa, respectively. With the increase in distance from the surface, the hardness and elastic modulus all decreased gradually. This indicated that the transition of hardness and elastic modulus occurred from exocuticle to endocuticle. When the heat treatment temperature was lower than 200°C, the values of hardness and elastic modulus fluctuated slightly, while they increased at the temperature beyond 200°C. As the pincers slid against Si3N4 balls in water and air, the friction coefficients in water were higher than those in air. The research could provide a bio-inspired basis for the structural design of composite materials and anti-friction surface.

2017-2021年中国龙虾进口贸易现状与对策

统筹利用国际国内两个市场两种资源是解决中国居民水产品消费的根本途径。龙虾作为具有代表性的高端水产品之一,为掌握近年来龙虾进口特征,根据2017-2021年中国龙虾进口数据,对贸易规模、品种结构、贸易方式、来源市场等内容进行分析。结果表明:2017-2021年,龙虾进口规模快速扩大,进口量年均增长11.78%;鲜活龙虾是主要的进口商品类型,累计进口量占龙虾总进口量的86.03%;一般贸易在中国龙虾进口贸易中占据绝对优势地位;加拿大、美国、澳大利亚和新西兰等11个国家是主要的进口来源市场,累计进口量占总进口量的95.54%。收入与龙虾消费需求关系显示,分组收入与龙虾进口量额之间具有较强的相关关系,分组收入与进口量的相关系数值更大;龙虾的需求收入弹性均大于1,属于富有弹性的奢侈品。为适应中国消费升级和多元化需求,提出保持更加开放的进口策略、用好龙虾贸易工具、开展龙虾种业创新等对策建议。

不同稻虾种养模式下水稻中微量元素吸收与稻米品质的关系研究

为探明不同稻虾种养模式下水稻中微量元素吸收与稻米品质的关系,开展不同龙虾品种和密度的田间试验,设计水稻单作(rice monoculture,R)、水稻克氏原螯虾低密度共作(rice co-cropping with Procambarus Clarkii in low density,RCL)、水稻克氏原螯虾高密度共作(rice co-cropping with Procambarus Clarkii in high density,RCH)和水稻澳龙共作(rice co-cropping with Cherax quadricarinatus,RA)4个处理,分析了稻米中微量元素含量、稻米品质、中微量元素与品质的相关性以及经济效益等指标。结果表明:稻虾共作模式提高了稻米中微量元素含量,其中Fe、Ca和Mg含量显著增加,与R处理相比,RCH、RCL和RA处理稻米的Fe含量分别增加52.0%、23.4%和21.4%,Ca含量分别增加45.7%、32.1%和22.8%,Mg含量分别增加45.0%、28.6%和23.3%。稻米中微量元素提升,有利于稻米品质的改善,稻米品质中的蛋白质与Fe、Ca和Mg呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,胶稠度与Fe、Ca和Mg呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关;直链淀粉含量和垩白粒率均与Ca呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关。稻虾共作模式提高了蛋白质含量和胶稠度,降低了稻米的垩白粒率和直链淀粉含量,稻米品质变优,其中RCH处理稻米品质改善效果最好。与R处理相比较,RCH、RCL和RA处理的纯收益分别增加了506%、314%和429%。总体而言,稻虾共作模式能够提高稻米中微量元素含量,改善稻米品质,提高经济效益,因此,在稻虾综合种养模式的选择中,龙虾品种和养殖密度是需要综合考虑的重要因素。

四种非营养性饲料添加剂对澳洲淡水龙虾消化酶活力、免疫功能及离体消化率的影响

探讨4种非营养性饲料添加剂对澳洲淡水龙虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)肝胰腺消化酶活力、免疫功能及离体消化率的影响,筛选出适宜的饲料添加剂,为非营养性添加剂在饲料中的应用和研究提供理论依据。分别以柠檬酸(S-Ⅰ)、复合酶制剂(S-Ⅱ)、植物乳杆菌加枯草芽孢杆菌(S-Ⅲ)、根瘤菌加枯草芽孢杆菌(S-Ⅳ)作为非营养性添加剂,配制4种等氮等脂等能饲料,喂养澳洲淡水龙虾14 d后,取样测定其肝胰腺消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶)活力、免疫功能[碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)]及离体消化率(干物质消化率、蛋白质离体消化率和总氨基酸转化效率)等相关指标。结果表明,S-Ⅰ可以显著提高澳洲淡水龙虾肝胰腺的淀粉酶、AKP和SOD活力(P<0.05),S-Ⅱ可以显著提高其淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活力以及免疫功能(P<0.05);而S-Ⅲ和S-Ⅳ在消化酶活力和免疫功能上均显著提高(P<0.05)。在4种非营养性饲料添加剂对澳洲淡水龙虾离体消化率的影响中,S-Ⅳ的干物质消化率、蛋白质离体消化率和总氨基酸转化效率均值最高。S-Ⅲ和S-Ⅳ对消化酶活力、免疫功能及离体消化率的影响比S-Ⅰ和S-Ⅱ的高,并且S-Ⅳ的离体消化率比S-Ⅲ高,因此在这4种非营养性添加剂中优先选择S-Ⅳ。

盱眙龙虾全产业链标准体系建设

本文分析了目前盱眙龙虾全产业链发展的标准化需求,厘清标准体系建设思路,构建了盱眙龙虾全产业链标准体系,发挥标准在产业协同、技术协作中的纽带和驱动作用,增强产业链融合稳定性。

响应面法优化克氏鳌虾壳蛋白质酶解工艺研究

以克氏鳌虾虾壳粉为原料,采用生物酶解法,利用单因素试验及响应面试验考查酶解时间、加酶量、pH值、酶解温度、料液比对蛋白质水解度的影响,对虾壳的蛋白酶解工艺进行优化。结果表明,碱性蛋白酶酶解克氏鳌虾虾壳效果最佳,最优酶解蛋白质工艺条件为pH值8.5,酶添加量3%,料液比1∶20(g∶mL),此时,蛋白质水解度为54.2%,结果可为克氏鳌虾废弃物的综合利用提供理论参考。

酶解法提取龙虾废弃物中蛋白质的工艺研究

采用酶解法对龙虾加工废弃物提取蛋白质的工艺进行了研究。通试验获取酶解提取蛋白质最优工艺条件为:选用碱性蛋白酶为提取剂,酶解时间3h,加酶量1.5%,pH值8.0,酶解温度50℃,液料比为3:1(m/V),此条件下蛋白质提取率为45.76%。

发酵处理对豆豉抗氧化活性影响的研究

发酵处理基本上不改变豆豉中异黄酮的总含量,而糖苷型大豆异黄酮在β-葡萄糖苷酶的作用下部分转化为游离型大豆异黄酮,使游离型大豆异黄酮的含量明显提高;在样品未添加任何抗氧化剂的前提下,通过试验发现豆豉的自身抗氧化性比原料熟黑豆强许多。

细菌型豆豉发酵芽孢杆菌的筛选与鉴定

对贵州省10个细菌型豆豉产区的样品进行菌种分离与鉴定。旨在通过纯种发酵、口感评测、产蛋白酶能力测定、产气实验,筛选出能够取代自然发酵、蛋白酶产量高、发酵风味好、发酵不产气的芽孢杆菌菌株。结果从分离的184株芽孢杆菌中,筛选出3株发酵品质突出且不产气的菌株:BJ3-2、BJ1-3和ZY4-5,其产蛋白酶能力(h/c)分别为3.60、1.71和1.50。生理生化鉴定和16SrDNA序列分析结果显示,它们均为枯草芽孢杆菌。扩大纯种发酵实验证明,可以将其作为工业发酵参考菌株。

淡水小龙虾肉酱的研制

以淡水小龙虾加工后产生的龙虾碎肉、鳌内肉为原料,辅以胡椒、食盐、糖、醋等基本调味料,生产具有水产海鲜风味特色的龙虾肉酱产品。采用正交试验筛选最佳配方,以确定龙虾肉酱的最佳工艺条件。经优化,调味液的最佳配比为:食盐3%,糖醋比5:3(m/m),胡椒1%;最佳龙虾肉酱工艺条件为:龙虾肉11%,调味液27%,花生酱和豆豉的配比为2:8(m/m)。

利用龙虾加工废弃物酶法制取龙虾蛋白粉的工艺研究

对龙虾加工废弃物为原料加工龙虾蛋白粉的工艺进行了研究。通过单因素试验获取脱脂最优工艺参数为:环己烷为脱脂剂、脱脂温度60℃、脱脂时间60min、液料比5:1;通过单因素与正交试验获取超声波辅助碱法提取蛋白质最优工艺参数为:超声波处理时间10min、碱液浓度0.8%、提取温度70℃、提取时间30min、液料比5:1,此条件下蛋白质提取率为78.6%。

永川豆豉胰蛋白酶抑制剂的分离纯化及其降糖活性研究

目的从豆豉中提取胰蛋白酶抑制剂，并探讨其降血糖活性。方法以永川豆豉为材料，经脱脂，酸性溶液提取，硫酸铵沉淀得到胰蛋白酶抑制剂粗提物，再经Sephadex G-75凝胶层析得到纯化的胰蛋白酶抑制剂，以纯化的胰蛋白酶抑制剂给糖尿病小鼠灌胃并观察其降血糖活性。结果从豆豉里分离出的胰蛋白酶抑制剂对胰蛋白酶的抑制率为30％～40％；用抑制剂提取液给四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠连续灌胃4d，发现其血糖值明显低于模型组；观察小鼠的胰组织病理切片，与糖尿病小鼠比较，灌胃后的小鼠胰组织明显得到修复。结论豆豉提取液有较明显的降糖作用。