This article reviews the constructs of stress, appraisal, coping, according to a transactional perspective, and executive function, and presents a stress control rating scale (ECOSTRESS), which design is founded in th...This article reviews the constructs of stress, appraisal, coping, according to a transactional perspective, and executive function, and presents a stress control rating scale (ECOSTRESS), which design is founded in these constructs. This psychometric tool is useful in the assessment of cognitive control of stress, correlated with the function of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. It has been validated for its use in the assessment of Portuguese people in situations of stress related to unemployment and economic insufficiency. Also, within the context of the cognitive control of stress, it is highlighted the usefulness of low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA).展开更多
Photons are emitted during brain activity and when applied externally alter its functional connectivity during the resting state. In the present study we applied constant or time varying light (~10,000 lux) stimuli to...Photons are emitted during brain activity and when applied externally alter its functional connectivity during the resting state. In the present study we applied constant or time varying light (~10,000 lux) stimuli to one side of the skull and measured by photomultiplier tubes the photon density emitted from the opposite side of the skull along its two horizontal planes. Global quantitative electroencephalographic activity (QEEG) was recorded simultaneously. Reliable increases of ~2.5 × 10-11 W· m-2 during either constant or specific flash frequencies between 3 and 7 Hz as well as enhanced QEEG power in the theta and low beta range were measured. According to source localization by Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) the right parahippocampal region was particularly enhanced. Calculations employing known quantitative values for permeability and permittivity of brain tissue were consistent with this frequency band. Estimated concentrations of protons from hydronium ions indicated a Grotthuss chain-like process for moving photon energy through the cerebral medium may have mediated the distance-dependent latency. The results suggest that external light is transmitted through cerebral tissue, can be measured externally, and significantly affects functional connectivity. The findings support the conclusions of Starck et al. (World Journal Neuroscience, 2012).展开更多
采用事件相关电位技术研究了在视觉搜索过程中的外源易化和返回抑制(inhibition of return,IOR)的相互关系。当外源注意保持在序列搜索过的位置上时,有一个延时反应(即IOR),伴随其产生的相关脑电成分有:分布在后顶的潜伏期为200ms的正...采用事件相关电位技术研究了在视觉搜索过程中的外源易化和返回抑制(inhibition of return,IOR)的相互关系。当外源注意保持在序列搜索过的位置上时,有一个延时反应(即IOR),伴随其产生的相关脑电成分有:分布在后顶的潜伏期为200ms的正差异、分布在前额叶内侧靠左的潜伏期为240毫秒的负差异,以及分布在两侧颞顶联合区的潜伏期为280ms的负差异。而当外源注意保持在平行搜索的位置上时,则出现了明显的易化效应,伴随其产生的脑电成分仅为分布在枕顶区域的潜伏期为280ms的负差异。这些结果表明,外源易化和IOR涉及了不同的脑区和神经过程,从而支持两者在机制上是可分离性的观点。展开更多
文摘This article reviews the constructs of stress, appraisal, coping, according to a transactional perspective, and executive function, and presents a stress control rating scale (ECOSTRESS), which design is founded in these constructs. This psychometric tool is useful in the assessment of cognitive control of stress, correlated with the function of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. It has been validated for its use in the assessment of Portuguese people in situations of stress related to unemployment and economic insufficiency. Also, within the context of the cognitive control of stress, it is highlighted the usefulness of low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA).
文摘Photons are emitted during brain activity and when applied externally alter its functional connectivity during the resting state. In the present study we applied constant or time varying light (~10,000 lux) stimuli to one side of the skull and measured by photomultiplier tubes the photon density emitted from the opposite side of the skull along its two horizontal planes. Global quantitative electroencephalographic activity (QEEG) was recorded simultaneously. Reliable increases of ~2.5 × 10-11 W· m-2 during either constant or specific flash frequencies between 3 and 7 Hz as well as enhanced QEEG power in the theta and low beta range were measured. According to source localization by Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) the right parahippocampal region was particularly enhanced. Calculations employing known quantitative values for permeability and permittivity of brain tissue were consistent with this frequency band. Estimated concentrations of protons from hydronium ions indicated a Grotthuss chain-like process for moving photon energy through the cerebral medium may have mediated the distance-dependent latency. The results suggest that external light is transmitted through cerebral tissue, can be measured externally, and significantly affects functional connectivity. The findings support the conclusions of Starck et al. (World Journal Neuroscience, 2012).
文摘采用事件相关电位技术研究了在视觉搜索过程中的外源易化和返回抑制(inhibition of return,IOR)的相互关系。当外源注意保持在序列搜索过的位置上时,有一个延时反应(即IOR),伴随其产生的相关脑电成分有:分布在后顶的潜伏期为200ms的正差异、分布在前额叶内侧靠左的潜伏期为240毫秒的负差异,以及分布在两侧颞顶联合区的潜伏期为280ms的负差异。而当外源注意保持在平行搜索的位置上时,则出现了明显的易化效应,伴随其产生的脑电成分仅为分布在枕顶区域的潜伏期为280ms的负差异。这些结果表明,外源易化和IOR涉及了不同的脑区和神经过程,从而支持两者在机制上是可分离性的观点。
