Efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT)is a common vascular emergency with significant morbidity risks,including post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)and pulmonary embolism.Traditional treatments like catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT)often result in variable success rates and complications.AIM To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute LEDVT.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed to examine 58 hospitalised patients with acute LEDVT between August 2019 and August 2022.The patients were categorised into the percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy(PMT)group(n=24)and CDT group(n=32).The follow-up,safety and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.The main observational indexes were venous patency score,thrombus removal effect,complications,hospitalisation duration and PTS.RESULTS The venous patency score was 9.04±1.40 in the PMT group and 8.81±1.60 in the CDT group,and the thrombus clearance rate was 100%in both groups.The complication rate was 8.33%in the PMT group and 34.84%in the CDT group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospitalisation duration was 6.54±2.48 days in the PMT group and 8.14±3.56 days in the CDT group.The incidence of PTS was lower in the PMT group than in the CDT group;however,the difference was not statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with CDT,treatment of LEDVT via PMT was associated with a better thrombus clearance rate,clinical therapeutic effect and PTS prevention function,but the difference was not statistically significant.Moreover,PMT was associated with a reduced urokinase dosage,shortened hospitalisation duration and reduced incidence of complications,such as infections and small haemorrhages.These results indicate that PMT has substantial beneficial effects in the treatment of LEDVT.

Clinical Value of Predictive Nursing Intervention on Deep Venous Thrombosis of Lower Extremities after Cesarean Section

[Objectives]To explore the clinical nursing value of predictive nursing intervention in patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities after cesarean section.[Methods]From December 2022 to April 2023,105 pregnant and lying-in women who were hospitalized in the Gynecology Department of Pingquan Hospital and underwent cesarean section and met the inclusion criteria were included as the study objects.According to the medical records,they were divided into observation group(n=52 cases)and control group(n=53 cases).The clinical experimental subjects were divided into two groups.One group was the control group with routine nursing,and the other group was the observation group with predictive nursing intervention.The number of cases of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in the two groups was recorded to evaluate the clinical value.[Results]The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in the two groups after cesarean section was compared,and it was suggested that the incidence of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Special predictive nursing intervention can greatly reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities after cesarean section,improve nursing satisfaction,and improve clinical efficacy,which is worthy of recommendation.

Establishment of a nomogram model for predicting therapy complications in patients with polycythemia and deep venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND Patients with deep venous thrombosis(DVT)residing at high altitudes can only rely on anticoagulation therapy,missing the optimal window for surgery or thrombolysis.Concurrently,under these conditions,patient outcomes can be easily complicated by high-altitude polycythemia(HAPC),which increases the difficulty of treatment and the risk of recurrent thrombosis.To prevent reaching this point,effective screening and targeted interventions are crucial.Thus,this study analyzes and provides a reference for the clinical prediction of thrombosis recurrence in patients with lower-extremity DVT combined with HAPC.AIM To apply the nomogram model in the evaluation of complications in patients with HAPC and DVT who underwent anticoagulation therapy.METHODS A total of 123 patients with HAPC complicated by lower-extremity DVT were followed up for 6-12 months and divided into recurrence and non-recurrence groups according to whether they experienced recurrence of lower-extremity DVT.Clinical data and laboratory indices were compared between the groups to determine the influencing factors of thrombosis recurrence in patients with lowerextremity DVT and HAPC.This study aimed to establish and verify the value of a nomogram model for predicting the risk of thrombus recurrence.RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that age,immobilization during follow-up,medication compliance,compliance with wearing elastic stockings,and peripheral blood D-dimer and fibrin degradation product levels were indepen-dent risk factors for thrombosis recurrence in patients with HAPC complicated by DVT.A Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test demonstrated that the nomogram model established based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis was effective in predicting the risk of thrombosis recurrence in patients with lowerextremity DVT complicated by HAPC(χ^(2)=0.873;P>0.05).The consistency index of the model was 0.802(95%CI:0.799-0.997),indicating its good accuracy and discrimination.CONCLUSION The column chart model for the personalized prediction of thrombotic recurrence risk has good application value in predicting thrombotic recurrence in patients with lower-limb DVT combined with HAPC after discharge.

Two-point compression ultrasonography: Enough to rule out lower extremity deep venous thrombosis?

BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis(DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and is a common presenting complaint to the emergency department(ED). Point-of-care two-point compression ultrasonography has evolved as a quick and effective way of diagnosing DVT. The purpose of this study is to validate the prevalence and distribution of venous thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins, other than common femoral and popliteal veins in patients with DVT.METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study that looked at patients presenting to the ED of a tertiary care hospital between January 2014 and August 2018. The clinical presentation and laboratory and imaging results were obtained using the hospital's electronic medical record.RESULTS: A total of 2,507 patients underwent a lower extremity duplex ultrasound during the study period. Among them, 379(15%) were included in the study. The percentages of isolated thrombi to the femoral vein and deep femoral vein were 7.92% and 0.53%, respectively. When the patients were stratified into the two groups of isolated DVT and two-point compression DVT, there were no statistically significant differences in the laboratory results between both groups. However, immobilized patients and patients with recent surgeries were more likely to have an isolated DVT.CONCLUSIONS: Thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins other than the common femoral and popliteal veins make up 8.45% of DVTs. Given this significant number of missed DVTs, the authors recommend the addition of the femoral and deep femoral veins to the two-point compression exam.

Clinical Application of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stent Implantation in Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Purpose: To analyze the application of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities. Methods: 70 patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting. Results: The mean circumferential diameter difference between the affected limbs and the healthy limbs and the knees at 15 cm was statistically significant. The cure rate and effective rate of the research group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting are of high value in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Discussion on Prevention and Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Orthopedic Perioperative Period from Spleen and Stomach Meridians

Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity is one of the common complications in orthopedic perioperative period.It is caused by many factors,such as peripheral vein dilation,slow blood flow;long-term immobilization,bed rest and so on.On the one hand,it affects the early postoperative functional exercise and functional recovery,on the other hand,it increases the length of hospital stay and economic burden,increases the pain of patients and even endangers their lives.Effective treatment of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine can play a better role in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.This study expounds the concept of spleen and stomach meridians in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,and puts forward some opinions on the dialectical treatment and daily conditioning of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,hoping to provide ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in traditional Chinese medicine.

Preventing Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis After Hip Fracture Surgery in Elderly Patients by Acupoint Application Combined with Pneumatic Compression Therapy

Objective:To investigate and analyze the long-term clinical effects of acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after hip fracture surgery among the elderly.Methods:Sixty elderly patients who had undergone hip fracture surgery from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into two groups via drawing lots.Both the groups received nursing care,but the patients in the observation group were treated with TCM acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy,whereas the control group received pneumatic compression therapy.The evaluation indicators included the patients’quality of life and complications.Results:The incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was more than twice(0.3%),whereas the incidence of lower extremity complications in the control group was more than 6 times(20%).There was a significant difference between the two groups(p<0.05).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy is beneficial for the prevention of postoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis among elderly patients.In addition,the patients’overall quality-of-life scores in both physiological and psychological aspects improved significantly,which carries significant clinical reference value.

Comparison of four clinical scores for the predicting lower limb deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients

Objective：To evaluate Wells, Kahn, St.Andr 6 and Constans scores for the prediction of deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients. Methods：One hundred and seventy-two patients, prospectively, blinded referred for evaluation with four clinical-score systems for suspected deep venous thrombosis, were examined by ultrasonography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and receiver operation curves were calculated for four clinical scores. The difference between areas of the ROC curve for each of the scores was compared with others and reference line. Results：Forty-six of 172 patients had deep venous thrombosis proven by sonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for Wells score was 91.3%, 57.1%, 43.8% and 94.7%, respectively, for Kahn score; 65.2%, 71.4%, 45.5% and 84.9%, respectively, for St.Andr 6 score; 63%, 38.9%, 27.4% and 74.2% respectively, for Constans score; 95.7%, 34.9%, 34.9% and 95.7% respectively. Area under ROV curve of Constans score was 0.814, which was similar to that of Wells score, then followed by Kahn score and that of St.Andr 6 score was no difference with the reference line. Conclusion：Based on the results of our study, the sensitivity, negative prediction value and area under ROC curve are larger for Constans score and Wells score in Chinese hospitalized patients than that of Kahn score or St.Andr 6 score. Considering the aim of the clinical assessment, Constans score and Wells score are more efficient for Chinese hospitalized patients.

Analysis thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities

Objective: To explore the effect of thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients at the early stage of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities treated by thrombolysis with anticoagulation and dispersion drugs were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The thrombolytic effect was significant. After treatment, the deep veins were recanalized without regurgitation in 75.3% of the patients. The total effective rate was 100%. Only three patients had hemorrhagic complication, but none of the patients died. Conclusion: Thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment is an effective and safe method for DVT at the early stage.

利伐沙班和低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期的应用效果分析

目的分析利伐沙班和低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期的应用效果。方法选取2020年6月至2021年10月于厦门大学附属中山医院就诊的老年粗隆间骨折围手术期患者130例为研究对象。按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。对照组采用低分子肝素皮下注射预防血栓,观察组采用利伐沙班口服预防血栓。比较2组患者术前及术后2周的凝血指标,术后2周内下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺栓塞的发生率,术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间,术后1 d炎症相关指标。结果2组患者术前、术后2周组间和组内凝血相关指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后观察组下肢DVT发生率显著低于对照组[4.6%(3/65)比15.4%(10/65)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.188,P=0.041)。观察组与对照组术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后1 d观察组降钙素原和C反应蛋白水平显著低于对照组[(0.17±0.02)μg/L比(0.22±0.01)μg/L、(20.2±2.3)mg/L比(23.9±3.6)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论利伐沙班与低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期均有良好的抗凝效果及安全性,但利伐沙班预防术后下肢DVT发生的效果更显著且口服用药更方便。

Angiojet机械血栓清除治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓疗效分析

目的:探讨Angiojet机械血栓清除对急性下肢深静脉血栓(LEDVT)伴髂静脉受压综合征(IVCS)患者肢体肿胀及静脉通畅度的影响。方法:选取2020年7月—2022年8月LEDVT伴IVCS患者101例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和观察组(51例)。对照组给予导管接触性溶栓(CDT)治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合Angiojet机械血栓清除治疗。对比两组患者下肢肿胀程度、静脉通畅度、凝血功能及并发症情况。结果:两组术后大腿、小腿患健侧周径差水平较术前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血栓清除率高于对照组(P<0.05);两组术后静脉通畅度评分水平较术前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组术后D-二聚体(D-D)水平较术前升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平较术前降低,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Angiojet机械血栓清除可调节LEDVT伴IVCS患者下肢肿胀程度,改善凝血功能,调节静脉通畅度,安全性好,术后无复发。

股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓并发症影响因素分析及Nomogram模型建立

目的探讨股骨粗隆间骨折手术后早期发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素,并进行Nomogram模型构建。方法选取2018年1月—2020年12月于华北石油管理局总医院行股骨粗隆间骨折手术的120例患者,术后早期发生下肢深静脉血栓13例。按照术后住院期间是否发生下肢深静脉血栓分为并发症组和无并发症组。采用多因素Logistics分析术后发生并发症的风险并构建Nomogram模型。结果并发症组患者住院时长、术后住院时间、治疗总费用均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,骨折类型、合并慢性病种类、贫血输血、骨折发病时长是术后下肢深静脉血栓的潜在影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将单因素有统计学差异的变量进行Logistics多因素分析,合并慢性病种类、贫血输血、骨折发病时长是股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。采用内部数据进行验证,C-index为0.746(95%CI:0.596~0.935),该Nomogram模型预测与实际观测结果吻合度较好。结论术前合并慢性病≥3种、贫血输血、骨折发病时长>1 d是股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素。本研究构建的Nomogram模型有助于指导医师完善个性化围手术期治疗方案。

急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓应用低分子肝素钙治疗的效果评估

目的 讨论在急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓患者中使用低分子肝素钙治疗的效果,并评估其安全性。方法 选取50例急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与治疗组,每组25例。对照组给予脑卒中常规治疗,治疗组给予脑卒中常规治疗联合低分子肝素钙治疗。比较两组临床疗效、临床预后[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分]、静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)风险[无手术患者静脉血栓栓塞风险评分表(Padua)评分]、不良反应(血小板减少、注射部位皮肤变化、肝肾功能异常、出血)发生率。结果 治疗组总有效率为80%,对照组总有效率为52%,治疗组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组NIHSS评分(7.08±1.29)分低于对照组的(11.24±1.20)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组Padua评分(2.28±1.02)分低于对照组的(4.40±1.35)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组不良反应发生率为28%(7/25),对照组不良反应发生率为32%(8/25),两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 低分子肝素钙可以促进急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓患者肢体功能恢复,减少不良反应发生,在急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓的治疗中取得理想效果。

风险评估分级护理在卵巢癌术后患者中的应用效果

目的:观察风险评估分级护理在卵巢癌术后患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年6月至2022年6月该院收治的106例卵巢癌术后患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各53例。对照组术后实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施风险评估分级护理,两组均护理1个月。比较两组下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)发生率,护理前后Caprini血栓风险评估量表评分、生命质量[癌症患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-G)]评分,以及护理满意度。结果:观察组DVT发生率为1.89%(1/53),低于对照组的15.09%(8/53),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组Caprini血栓风险评估量表评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组生理状况、情感状况、功能状况、社会/家庭状况等FACT-G各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度为94.34%(50/53),高于对照组的77.36%(41/53),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:风险评估分级护理应用于卵巢癌术后患者可降低DVT发生率和Caprini血栓风险评估量表评分,提高生命质量评分和护理满意度,效果优于常规护理。

改良冰肌散联合气压疗法预防股骨骨折下肢深静脉血栓临床观察

目的探究改良冰肌散联合气压疗法预防股骨骨折下肢深静脉血栓(LDVT)的临床疗效。方法采用回顾性观察性研究,选取2019年1月—2020年6月江西中医药大学附属医院骨科收治的股骨骨折患者60例。其中对照组30例行冰肌散涂药治疗,研究组30例行冰肌散涂药联合气压治疗。比较两组患者LDVT的发生率、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、下肢肿胀的变化及不良反应发生率。结果与对照组比较,研究组患者LDVT的发生率、下肢肿胀发生率及VAS评分均显著降低(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为93.33%(28/30),高于对照组的80.00%(24/30)(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗期间均未出现不良反应。结论改良冰肌散联合气压疗法预防股骨骨折LDVT的临床显著。

椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术的下肢骨折老年患者LDVT发生率比较

目的:比较椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术对下肢骨折老年患者下肢深静脉血栓(LDVT)发生率的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月在永城市人民医院接受手术治疗的90例下肢骨折老年患者,依据随机数字表将全部患者均分为对照组(全身麻醉)与观察组(椎管内麻醉),各45例。比较两组患者手术情况、术后恢复情况、麻醉情况、术中生命体征、术后48 h运动功能状态,统计术后LDVT与麻醉并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后床旁活动时间及住院时间均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉生效时间、术后睁眼时间、语言陈述恢复时间、术中麻醉药物用量均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉后10 min(T1)、术毕即刻(T2)时心率、平均动脉压均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后48 h的运动功能分级优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.183,P<0.05);观察组患者术后LDVT发生率与麻醉不良反应总发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉相比,能够有效降低下肢骨折老年患者术后LDVT发生风险。

超声引导下腘静脉穿刺置管介入溶栓治疗对下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效分析

目的:分析超声引导下腘静脉穿刺置管介入溶栓治疗对下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的疗效。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年6月重庆医科大学附属第一医院收治的60例下肢DVT患者为研究对象。依据患者的治疗方式不同分为研究组(30例,超声引导下腘静脉穿刺置管介入溶栓治疗)和对照组(30例,常规口服药物治疗),研究组患者采用超声引导下腘静脉穿刺置管介入溶栓治疗,对照组患者单纯采用口服抗凝药物治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后,半年内下肢静脉血栓的再通率、再通疗效及远期血栓后综合征发生率。结果:研究组半年内下肢静脉再通率高于对照组(P <0.05);研究组下肢静脉血栓半年内再通疗效评分高于对照组(P <0.05);研究组下肢静脉血栓形成后综合征的发生率低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论:超声引导下腘静脉穿刺置管介入溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓能够获得更好的静脉再通率及总体疗效,并改善远期血栓后综合征发生率,具有非常重要的应用价值。

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入治疗后下肢深静脉血栓形成列线图模型建立及验证

目的 建立下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(LEASO)介入治疗后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成列线图模型,并对模型进行外部验证。方法 以2020年1月至2022年12月日本血管外科学会建立的肢端缺血患者数据库(JCLIMB)中接受腔内治疗的LEASO患者434例为建模组,以本院2020年1月至2023年5月接受介入治疗的LEASO患者60例为验证组。通过电子病历系统获取患者性别、年龄、合并糖尿病、合并高血压、合并冠心病、体质量指数(BMI)、Fontaine分期、D-二聚体、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶(APTT)、血小板淋巴细胞比值(PLR)和中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值(NLR)等临床资料。使用R软件建立列线图模型,并以校准曲线、决策曲线(DCA)和受试者工作特征曲线评价预测模型。结果 建模组发生DVT与未发生DVT患者BMI、Fontaine分期、D-二聚体、PLR和NLR比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistics回归分析结果发现,BMI、Fontaine分期、D-二聚体、PLR和NLR是LEASO患者并发DVT的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。基于logistics回归分析结果建立列线图模型,经校准曲线分析显示模型预测值与实际值基本一致,表明该列线图模型有较好的准确度。以净收益为纵坐标,以阈值为横坐标,None线代表所有LEASO患者均不会发生DVT,Nomogram model表示DVT实际发生曲线,阈值范围0.09~1.00,表明以该模型进行决策有较好的临床收益,具备临床实用性。ROC分析结果显示,本研究建立的列线图模型预测建模组、验证组LEASO患者发生DVT曲线下面积分别为0.912和0.834,灵敏度分别为96.50和和99.20,特异度分别为76.60和66.70。结论 以BMI、Fontaine分期、D-二聚体、PLR和NLR建立的LEASO患者并发DVT预测模型对于DVT发生有较好的预测价值,适宜在临床中推广应用。

股静脉及胫前静脉入路导管接触溶栓治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成患者近期效果和安全性观察

目的评价股静脉入路及胫前静脉入路导管接触溶栓(CDT)治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成(LEDVT)患者近期效果和安全性。方法回顾性对照分析2019年1月至2021年12月在南京医科大学第二附属医院接受健侧股静脉人路及患侧胫前静脉入路CDT治疗的LEDVT患者临床资料。其中股静脉人路组40例,胫前静脉入路组46例。主要观察终点为手术技术成功率和血栓清除率,次要观察终点为手术时间和并发症。结果股静脉人路组、胫前静脉人路组手术技术成功率分别为92.5%、100%(P=0.097),血栓清除率分别为(68.9±25.9)%、(78.3±21.0)%(P=0.067),差异均无统计学意义;手术时间分别为(64.1±14.8)min、(72.0±19.9)min(P=0.037),差异有统计学意义;并发症发生率分别为22.5%、10.9%(P=0.145),差异无统计学意义。结论股静脉人路和胫前静脉人路CDT均可有效治疗LEDVT,近期疗效和安全性相当。

重组人尿激酶原置管溶栓治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓对患者血流动力学水平和下肢静脉功能的影响

目的观察重组人尿激酶原(rhPro-UK)置管溶栓治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)对患者血流动力学水平和下肢静脉功能的影响。方法前瞻性选取2019年9月至2023年5月天津市第四中心医院收治的DVT患者100例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组各50例。两组均给予低分子肝素钠注射液进行抗凝治疗,对照组给予尿激酶置管溶栓治疗,观察组给予rhPro-UK置管溶栓治疗。检测两组治疗前和治疗5 d后的血流动力学(静脉容积、静脉最大流出量及静脉压恢复时间)、血液流变学指标[全血低、中、高切黏度及血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体]变化,评估两组治疗前和治疗5 d后的深静脉通畅评分,计算两组深静脉通畅率,测定两组患肢与健侧不同部位周径差,对比两组并发症发生率。结果治疗5 d后,两组静脉容积、静脉最大流出量、静脉回流速率及静脉压恢复时间均较治疗前升高,观察组静脉容积、静脉压恢复时间分别为(7.58±1.33)mL、(12.87±2.61)s,均高于对照组[(7.01±1.24)mL、(11.14±2.87)s],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组静脉最大流出量、静脉回流速率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗5 d后,两组全血黏度(涵盖低、中、高切)、血浆黏度、FIB、D-二聚体均较治疗前降低,观察组FIB、D-二聚体分别为(2.71±0.85)g/L、(1.32±0.36)mg/L,均低于对照组[(3.22±1.02)g/L、(1.74±0.41)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组全血低、中、高切黏度、血浆黏度与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗5 d后,两组深静脉通畅评分均较治疗前降低,观察组为(1.47±0.43)分,低于对照组[(2.19±0.67)分],观察组深静脉通畅率为(83.32±7.69)%,高于对照组[(75.85±8.41)%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗5 d后,两组患肢与健侧股部、膝上15 cm、膝下15 cm周径差均较治疗前降低,观察组治疗后患肢与健侧股部、膝上15 cm周径差分别为(1.06±0.61)、(1.04±0.51)cm,均低于对照组[(1.48±0.89)、(1.32±0.68)cm],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组膝下15 cm周径差比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组与对照组的总并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论rhPro-UK置管溶栓治疗急性DVT可改善患者血流动力学和血液流变学,促进患肢消肿,增加深静脉通畅率,有助于保护静脉功能。