Large Scale Wave Structures(LSWS)in the equatorial ionospheric F-region were observed by measuring spatial and temporal variations within detrended total electron content(dTEC)data obtained by ground-based GNSS receiv...Large Scale Wave Structures(LSWS)in the equatorial ionospheric F-region were observed by measuring spatial and temporal variations within detrended total electron content(dTEC)data obtained by ground-based GNSS receivers over the South American continent.By using dTEC-maps,we have been able to produce,for the first-time,two-dimensional representations of LSWS.During the period from September to December,the LSWS frequently occurred starting a few hours prior to Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)development.From 17 events of LSWS observed in 2014 and 2015,wave characteristics were obtained:the observed wavelengths,periods,and the phase speeds are respectively,~900 km,~41 min and~399 m/s;the waves propagated from the northeast to southeast.In some cases the front of the oscillation was meridionally aligned,extending to more than 1600 km,the first time such large extension of the wavefront has been reported.From F-layer bottom height oscillation data,measured by ionosonde,LSWS exhibit two different vertical phase propagation modes,in-phase and downward phase.The former mode indicates the presence of a polarization electric field in the F-layer bottom side;the latter suggests propagation of atmospheric gravity waves.The presence of LSWS near the solar terminator,followed by the development of EPBs,suggests that the upwelling of the F-layer bottom height produces a condition favorable to the development of Rayleigh–Taylor instability.展开更多
Through morphology observation on silicon particles of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloy, it is found that during solution treatment the evolution of eutectic silicon morphology and their effect on mechanical properties can be c...Through morphology observation on silicon particles of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloy, it is found that during solution treatment the evolution of eutectic silicon morphology and their effect on mechanical properties can be classified into three stages. In the initial stage, necking, stubbing and fragmentation of silicon particles result in the improvement of plasticity of alloy. In the intermediate stage, the mechanical properties of 354 alloy attain peak values due to spheroidization of silicon particles. In the final stage, the drop of hardness and strength is related to the deterioration of silicon morphology. The facets and lap occur in silicon particles and the coarsening process of silicon follows LSW model. During aging, the clusters of excess silicon can work as barriers for dislocation movement and thus enhance the strength of alloy. On the other hand, excess Si affects the process of aging precipitation and leads to a fine and highly dense distribution of GP zones, finally effectively strengthens the alloy.展开更多
Fines migration induced by injection of low-salinity water(LSW) into porous media can lead to severe pore plugging and consequent permeability reduction. The deepbed filtration(DBF) theory is used to model the aforeme...Fines migration induced by injection of low-salinity water(LSW) into porous media can lead to severe pore plugging and consequent permeability reduction. The deepbed filtration(DBF) theory is used to model the aforementioned phenomenon, which allows us to predict the effluent concentration history and the distribution profile of entrapped particles. However, the previous models fail to consider the movement of the waterflood front. In this study, we derive a stochastic model for fines migration during LSW flooding, in which the Rankine-Hugoniot condition is used to calculate the concentration of detached particles behind and ahead of the moving water front. A downscaling procedure is developed to determine the evolution of pore-size distribution from the exact solution of a large-scale equation system. To validate the proposed model,the obtained exact solutions are used to treat the laboratory data of LSW flooding in artificial soil-packed columns. The tuning results show that the proposed model yields a considerably higher value of the coefficient of determination, compared with the previous models, indicating that the new model can successfully capture the effect of the moving water front on fines migration and precisely match the effluent history of the detached particles.展开更多
Study of CTD data collected by the R/V DONG FANG HONG 2 in a 1997 summercruise in the ocean region around the Ryukyu Islands showed: 1) the existence, in the upper layer, of ahigh salinity water (HSW) core at about 20...Study of CTD data collected by the R/V DONG FANG HONG 2 in a 1997 summercruise in the ocean region around the Ryukyu Islands showed: 1) the existence, in the upper layer, of ahigh salinity water (HSW) core at about 200 dbar, and a low salinity water (LSW) core, centered atabout 700 dbar on the Pacific Ocean side of the Ryukyu Ridge, and located shallower on the East Chinafor (ECS) side; 2) the existence, in the upper layer, of warm water regions (WWR) west of Amami Is-land and Ishigaki Island, and a cold water region (CWR) east of Okinawa Ieland; in the lower layer, ofa CWR (WWR) southwest (southeast) of Okinawa Island; 3) the intrusion of North Pacific IntermediateWater into the ECS through the Kerama Trench located south of Okinawa Island and the strait east of Tai-wan Island.展开更多
基金supported by CNPq(Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e desenvolvimento)under the grant,310927/2020-0the Sao Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP)for its grant 2018/09066-8+2 种基金CAPES(Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)the JSPS(Japan Society for Promotion of Science)KAKENHI for its support(grant JP 15H05815)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for its support(Grant No.42020104002)。
文摘Large Scale Wave Structures(LSWS)in the equatorial ionospheric F-region were observed by measuring spatial and temporal variations within detrended total electron content(dTEC)data obtained by ground-based GNSS receivers over the South American continent.By using dTEC-maps,we have been able to produce,for the first-time,two-dimensional representations of LSWS.During the period from September to December,the LSWS frequently occurred starting a few hours prior to Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)development.From 17 events of LSWS observed in 2014 and 2015,wave characteristics were obtained:the observed wavelengths,periods,and the phase speeds are respectively,~900 km,~41 min and~399 m/s;the waves propagated from the northeast to southeast.In some cases the front of the oscillation was meridionally aligned,extending to more than 1600 km,the first time such large extension of the wavefront has been reported.From F-layer bottom height oscillation data,measured by ionosonde,LSWS exhibit two different vertical phase propagation modes,in-phase and downward phase.The former mode indicates the presence of a polarization electric field in the F-layer bottom side;the latter suggests propagation of atmospheric gravity waves.The presence of LSWS near the solar terminator,followed by the development of EPBs,suggests that the upwelling of the F-layer bottom height produces a condition favorable to the development of Rayleigh–Taylor instability.
文摘Through morphology observation on silicon particles of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloy, it is found that during solution treatment the evolution of eutectic silicon morphology and their effect on mechanical properties can be classified into three stages. In the initial stage, necking, stubbing and fragmentation of silicon particles result in the improvement of plasticity of alloy. In the intermediate stage, the mechanical properties of 354 alloy attain peak values due to spheroidization of silicon particles. In the final stage, the drop of hardness and strength is related to the deterioration of silicon morphology. The facets and lap occur in silicon particles and the coarsening process of silicon follows LSW model. During aging, the clusters of excess silicon can work as barriers for dislocation movement and thus enhance the strength of alloy. On the other hand, excess Si affects the process of aging precipitation and leads to a fine and highly dense distribution of GP zones, finally effectively strengthens the alloy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51804316,51734010,and U1762211)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2017ZX05009)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462017YJRC037)。
文摘Fines migration induced by injection of low-salinity water(LSW) into porous media can lead to severe pore plugging and consequent permeability reduction. The deepbed filtration(DBF) theory is used to model the aforementioned phenomenon, which allows us to predict the effluent concentration history and the distribution profile of entrapped particles. However, the previous models fail to consider the movement of the waterflood front. In this study, we derive a stochastic model for fines migration during LSW flooding, in which the Rankine-Hugoniot condition is used to calculate the concentration of detached particles behind and ahead of the moving water front. A downscaling procedure is developed to determine the evolution of pore-size distribution from the exact solution of a large-scale equation system. To validate the proposed model,the obtained exact solutions are used to treat the laboratory data of LSW flooding in artificial soil-packed columns. The tuning results show that the proposed model yields a considerably higher value of the coefficient of determination, compared with the previous models, indicating that the new model can successfully capture the effect of the moving water front on fines migration and precisely match the effluent history of the detached particles.
文摘Study of CTD data collected by the R/V DONG FANG HONG 2 in a 1997 summercruise in the ocean region around the Ryukyu Islands showed: 1) the existence, in the upper layer, of ahigh salinity water (HSW) core at about 200 dbar, and a low salinity water (LSW) core, centered atabout 700 dbar on the Pacific Ocean side of the Ryukyu Ridge, and located shallower on the East Chinafor (ECS) side; 2) the existence, in the upper layer, of warm water regions (WWR) west of Amami Is-land and Ishigaki Island, and a cold water region (CWR) east of Okinawa Ieland; in the lower layer, ofa CWR (WWR) southwest (southeast) of Okinawa Island; 3) the intrusion of North Pacific IntermediateWater into the ECS through the Kerama Trench located south of Okinawa Island and the strait east of Tai-wan Island.
