A feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating water system to investigatethe effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed utilization, hepatosomatic index and liverlipid deposition of juvenile red snapper, Lut...A feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating water system to investigatethe effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed utilization, hepatosomatic index and liverlipid deposition of juvenile red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus (average initial wet weight 8.0± 0.39 g and total length 3.14 ± 0.3 cm). In the experiment, six fishmeal-based diets wereformulated to contain various protein levels (20% to 45% in 5% increments), with dietary energyranging from 2210.7kJ100g to 2250.2 kJ 100g dry matter. The protein to energy ratios of diets rangedfrom 8.58 mg protein kJ^(-1) to 20.03 mg protein kJ^(-1). Diets were fed for 90 d to triplicategroups of fish stocked in 0.128 m^3 seawater tanks, 25 individuals each. The daily ration of 2% wetbody weight was offered to the fish thrice a day. The fish at the end of the study had more thanten-fold (77.0 g) increase in weight compared to the initial (8.0 g). Fish fed diets of 40% and 45%protein produced significantly (P【0.05) higher weight gain of 77.2 g and 76.5 g, and specific growthrate (SGR) of 2.65% and 2.62% than those of 67.0 g and 68.3 g, and 2.49% and 2.51% of the otherdiets. The broken-line regression of SGR against dietary protein level yielded an optimum dietaryprotein requirement of 42.6% (Y = - 1.6295 + 0.1114 X^2, P【0.05). Survival remained 100% amonggroups. Feed conversion ratio decreased from 0.45 for fish fed 20% dietary protein to 0.35 for fishfed 45% dietary protein. Nitrogen intake increased with an increase in dietary protein, which inturn resulted in an increase in nitrogen gain of fish whole body. Fish fed 40% and 45% protein dietsshowed higher (P【0.05) nitrogen gain (0.27g and 0.26g) than those (0.23g and 025g) fed all otherdiets. Gross energy intake (GEI) in fish fed 45% protein was lower (600.67kJ) than that (607.97 kJ)of 40% protein diet, though the differences were not statistically significant (P】0.05); GEI rangingfrom 677.31 kJ to 663.20 kJ at remaining four diets (20% to 35% protein) did not appear to differsignificantly (P】0.05). The highest energy gain of 518.33 kJ was obtained with fish fed 40% protein,resulting in the highest energy retention efficiency of 85.26%. The hepatosomatic index of fish feddiets of 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% protein were significantly (P【0.05) higher (2.09% to 2.57%) thanthose (1.44% and 1.41%) of fish fed diets containing 40% and 45% protein. Liver lipid contentsdecreased from 8.72% to 7.0% in fish fed dietary protein of 20% to 45% in 5% increments. Resultssuggest that the diet containing 40% to 42.6% protein with a P/E ratio of 17.6 mg protein kJ^(-1) isrequired for good growth of L. argentimaculatus weighing between 8.0 g and 85.2 g under the cultureconditions of the present study.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the prevalence,phylogenetics and DNA barcoding of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis(Z.arugamensis) from crimson snapper(Lutjanus erythropterus),Jerejak Island,Penang,Malaysia.Methods:Experiment was ...Objective:To investigate the prevalence,phylogenetics and DNA barcoding of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis(Z.arugamensis) from crimson snapper(Lutjanus erythropterus),Jerejak Island,Penang,Malaysia.Methods:Experiment was conducted with 200 fish specimens of cultured Lutjanus erythropterus from Jerejak Island,Penang,Peninsular Malaysia.The water temperature and length for each fish were measured prior to parasites examination.Next,the morphological identification of parasites was performed.Genomic DNA from parasites was extracted for further molecular analysis.After PCR amplification,phylogenetic tree was constructed.The lowest Bayesian information criterion scores showed that the most compatible model is Tajima and Nei.Finally,data sets of cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene sequence and trace file have been submitted to Barcode of Life Data System.Results:The prevalence rate of Z.arugamensis was recorded to be 11.5%,and the intensity was 1.48.The low intensity was due to the water temperature recorded in this study(32.9–33.2 C).All the individuals of Z.arugamensis recorded in this study showed a close relationship with species that were recorded in NCBI database(Z.arugamensis DQ414344,Aestabdella leiostomi DQ414305,Pterobdella amara DQ414334 and Cystobranchus meyeri DQ414315) but less relationship with Aestabdella abditovesiculata DQ414300.Finally,the DNA sequences submitted to Barcode of Life Data System in accordance to species have already obtained Barcode Index Number as BOLD:ACM3477.Conclusions:This study has provided an overview of sequence divergence at cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene,DNA barcodes and parasite prevalence of Z.arugamensis.展开更多
CD79, a key component of the B cell antigen receptor complex, is composed of CD79a（Igα and CD7913（Igβ） encoded by rnb-1 and B29 respectively, and plays an important role in B cell signaling. In this study, we iso...CD79, a key component of the B cell antigen receptor complex, is composed of CD79a（Igα and CD7913（Igβ） encoded by rnb-1 and B29 respectively, and plays an important role in B cell signaling. In this study, we isolated and characterized rob-1 and B29 from humphead snapper （Lutjanus sanguineus）. Their tissue distribution and expression profiles after stimulations in vitro and in vivo were also investigated. The humphead snapper rob-1 and B29 contain open reading frames of 684 bp and 606 bp, encoding 227 amino acids and 201 amino acids, respectively. Both CD79α and CD79β possess signal peptide, extracellular Ig domain, transmem- brane region and immunoreceptor tyrosine kinase activation motif （ITAM）. Mb-1 is highly expressed in lymphoid organs （thymus, posterior kidney and spleen） and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues （gill and intestine）, while B29 is mainly detected in posterior kidney, spleen, gill and skin. Furthermore, transcription of rob-1 and B29 in head kidney leucocytes was up-regulated following lipopolysaccharide （LPS）, pokeweed mitogen （PWM）, and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid （PolyI：C） stimulation, respectively, and their expression level in anterior kidney and spleen was also increased after challenged with formalin-inactived Vibrio harveyi. These results indicated that humphead snapper CD79 molecule might play an important role in immune response to pathogen infection.展开更多
The red snapper Lutjanus campechanus (Poey, 1860) has a high commercial value that sustains an important fishery in Mexico. In this study, the patterns in morphological variations from early juvenile to adult stages w...The red snapper Lutjanus campechanus (Poey, 1860) has a high commercial value that sustains an important fishery in Mexico. In this study, the patterns in morphological variations from early juvenile to adult stages were assessed by geometric methods (GM) in 194 organisms. Changes in shape were more evident and rapid in the early juvenile stage and decreased during adulthood. The principal components analysis of shape (Relative Warp Analysis, or RWA) identified size and body depth as the main sources of variance associated to both juvenile and adult organisms. The outline of the head and the tail showed the most noticeable differences following the ontogenic pathway visualized by thin-plate splines indicating that the ontogenetic pathway of the upper half and the lower half of the dorsal head profile (DHP) are in relatively opposite directions than those from the tail that bends ventrally. The Two-Block Partial Least Square analysis (2B-PLS) and their CR coefficients showed that the two modules had a moderate linear trend (p = 0.001). Although the blocks have morphological changes at different rates, there is a moderate synchrony in growth by modules. This study is the first to report the use of geometrical morphometry in L. campechanus in Mexico.展开更多
The phylogenetic relationships of 13 snapper species from the South China Sea have been established using the combined DNA sequences of three full-length mitochondrial genes (COI, COII and CYTB) and two partial nuclea...The phylogenetic relationships of 13 snapper species from the South China Sea have been established using the combined DNA sequences of three full-length mitochondrial genes (COI, COII and CYTB) and two partial nuclear genes (RAG1, RAG2). The 13 species (genus Lutjanus) were selected after DNA barcoding 72 individuals, representing 20 species. Our study suggests that although DNA barcoding aims to develop species identification systems, it may also be useful in the construction of phylogenies by aiding the selection of taxa. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear gene data has an advantage over an individual dataset because of its higher resolving power.展开更多
The present work documented two snapper species, Lutjanus fulvus Forster, 1801 and Lutjanus erythropterus Bloch, 1790, recently collected from the Saint Martin's Island, Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, during a survey ...The present work documented two snapper species, Lutjanus fulvus Forster, 1801 and Lutjanus erythropterus Bloch, 1790, recently collected from the Saint Martin's Island, Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, during a survey on coral associated fishes of Bangladesh from July 2017 to September 2018. These two species were identified with morphological characteristics and by analyzing partial mitochondrial COI sequences. The document also included an updated checklist of snappers available in Bangladesh.展开更多
A feeding trial was conducted for 75 d to evaluate the nutritive value of a mixture of animal by-products （MAB） as a possible protein source in diets for juvenile mangrove red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus （me...A feeding trial was conducted for 75 d to evaluate the nutritive value of a mixture of animal by-products （MAB） as a possible protein source in diets for juvenile mangrove red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus （mean initial body weight, 30 g）. Fish were fed one of five isonitrogenous diets （40% crude protein） replacing 0, 25% （MAB25）, 50% （MAB50）, 75% （MAB75） and 100% （MAB100） of fish meal protein with similar percentages of MAB. The MAB consisted of 25% cow liver meal, 20% leather meal, 20% meat and bone meal, 15% blood meal, 10% APC （poultry feather meal）, 8% poultry manure dried, 1.5% choline and 0.5% chromic oxide. After 75 d of feeding, fish fed with diets MAB50, MAB75 and MABI00 exhibited significantly lower growth performance than that of fish fed with control and MAB25 diets. The optimum level of MAB was estimated to be 23%. Replacement of fish meal by MAB23% showed the following performance： maximum weight gain, 510%; SGR, 2.39% and FCE, 2.83%. The MAB substitution up to 75% of fish meal protein in diets did not show differences in apparent protein digestibility （83.6% for MAB25, 79.2% for MAB50, 78.7% for MAB75） compared with control （83.4%）, whereas in MABI00 group digestibility （65.3%） was significantly lower than in other groups. The apparent phosphorus absorption of test diet groups was significantly higher （37.1% for MAB25, 28.5% for MABS0, 55.6% for MAB75 and 54.5% for MABI00） than that of control （1 1.2%）. The levels of protein and ash in the whole body, carcass and viscera increased as MAB substitution in diets increased, whereas lipids and moisture remained consistent among all treatment groups. These results showed that approximately 23% of fish meal protein could be replaced by a mixture of animal by-products for juvenile snapper growing from 30 g to 167 g in 75 d without compromising growth performance and feed efficiency.展开更多
文摘A feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating water system to investigatethe effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed utilization, hepatosomatic index and liverlipid deposition of juvenile red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus (average initial wet weight 8.0± 0.39 g and total length 3.14 ± 0.3 cm). In the experiment, six fishmeal-based diets wereformulated to contain various protein levels (20% to 45% in 5% increments), with dietary energyranging from 2210.7kJ100g to 2250.2 kJ 100g dry matter. The protein to energy ratios of diets rangedfrom 8.58 mg protein kJ^(-1) to 20.03 mg protein kJ^(-1). Diets were fed for 90 d to triplicategroups of fish stocked in 0.128 m^3 seawater tanks, 25 individuals each. The daily ration of 2% wetbody weight was offered to the fish thrice a day. The fish at the end of the study had more thanten-fold (77.0 g) increase in weight compared to the initial (8.0 g). Fish fed diets of 40% and 45%protein produced significantly (P【0.05) higher weight gain of 77.2 g and 76.5 g, and specific growthrate (SGR) of 2.65% and 2.62% than those of 67.0 g and 68.3 g, and 2.49% and 2.51% of the otherdiets. The broken-line regression of SGR against dietary protein level yielded an optimum dietaryprotein requirement of 42.6% (Y = - 1.6295 + 0.1114 X^2, P【0.05). Survival remained 100% amonggroups. Feed conversion ratio decreased from 0.45 for fish fed 20% dietary protein to 0.35 for fishfed 45% dietary protein. Nitrogen intake increased with an increase in dietary protein, which inturn resulted in an increase in nitrogen gain of fish whole body. Fish fed 40% and 45% protein dietsshowed higher (P【0.05) nitrogen gain (0.27g and 0.26g) than those (0.23g and 025g) fed all otherdiets. Gross energy intake (GEI) in fish fed 45% protein was lower (600.67kJ) than that (607.97 kJ)of 40% protein diet, though the differences were not statistically significant (P】0.05); GEI rangingfrom 677.31 kJ to 663.20 kJ at remaining four diets (20% to 35% protein) did not appear to differsignificantly (P】0.05). The highest energy gain of 518.33 kJ was obtained with fish fed 40% protein,resulting in the highest energy retention efficiency of 85.26%. The hepatosomatic index of fish feddiets of 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% protein were significantly (P【0.05) higher (2.09% to 2.57%) thanthose (1.44% and 1.41%) of fish fed diets containing 40% and 45% protein. Liver lipid contentsdecreased from 8.72% to 7.0% in fish fed dietary protein of 20% to 45% in 5% increments. Resultssuggest that the diet containing 40% to 42.6% protein with a P/E ratio of 17.6 mg protein kJ^(-1) isrequired for good growth of L. argentimaculatus weighing between 8.0 g and 85.2 g under the cultureconditions of the present study.
基金Supported by Universiti Sains Malaysia Research University Grant(1001/PBIOLOGI/855003)
文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence,phylogenetics and DNA barcoding of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis(Z.arugamensis) from crimson snapper(Lutjanus erythropterus),Jerejak Island,Penang,Malaysia.Methods:Experiment was conducted with 200 fish specimens of cultured Lutjanus erythropterus from Jerejak Island,Penang,Peninsular Malaysia.The water temperature and length for each fish were measured prior to parasites examination.Next,the morphological identification of parasites was performed.Genomic DNA from parasites was extracted for further molecular analysis.After PCR amplification,phylogenetic tree was constructed.The lowest Bayesian information criterion scores showed that the most compatible model is Tajima and Nei.Finally,data sets of cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene sequence and trace file have been submitted to Barcode of Life Data System.Results:The prevalence rate of Z.arugamensis was recorded to be 11.5%,and the intensity was 1.48.The low intensity was due to the water temperature recorded in this study(32.9–33.2 C).All the individuals of Z.arugamensis recorded in this study showed a close relationship with species that were recorded in NCBI database(Z.arugamensis DQ414344,Aestabdella leiostomi DQ414305,Pterobdella amara DQ414334 and Cystobranchus meyeri DQ414315) but less relationship with Aestabdella abditovesiculata DQ414300.Finally,the DNA sequences submitted to Barcode of Life Data System in accordance to species have already obtained Barcode Index Number as BOLD:ACM3477.Conclusions:This study has provided an overview of sequence divergence at cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene,DNA barcodes and parasite prevalence of Z.arugamensis.
基金supported by the National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(2012BAD17B02,2012BAD17B03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41240041,31402335)
文摘CD79, a key component of the B cell antigen receptor complex, is composed of CD79a（Igα and CD7913（Igβ） encoded by rnb-1 and B29 respectively, and plays an important role in B cell signaling. In this study, we isolated and characterized rob-1 and B29 from humphead snapper （Lutjanus sanguineus）. Their tissue distribution and expression profiles after stimulations in vitro and in vivo were also investigated. The humphead snapper rob-1 and B29 contain open reading frames of 684 bp and 606 bp, encoding 227 amino acids and 201 amino acids, respectively. Both CD79α and CD79β possess signal peptide, extracellular Ig domain, transmem- brane region and immunoreceptor tyrosine kinase activation motif （ITAM）. Mb-1 is highly expressed in lymphoid organs （thymus, posterior kidney and spleen） and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues （gill and intestine）, while B29 is mainly detected in posterior kidney, spleen, gill and skin. Furthermore, transcription of rob-1 and B29 in head kidney leucocytes was up-regulated following lipopolysaccharide （LPS）, pokeweed mitogen （PWM）, and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid （PolyI：C） stimulation, respectively, and their expression level in anterior kidney and spleen was also increased after challenged with formalin-inactived Vibrio harveyi. These results indicated that humphead snapper CD79 molecule might play an important role in immune response to pathogen infection.
文摘The red snapper Lutjanus campechanus (Poey, 1860) has a high commercial value that sustains an important fishery in Mexico. In this study, the patterns in morphological variations from early juvenile to adult stages were assessed by geometric methods (GM) in 194 organisms. Changes in shape were more evident and rapid in the early juvenile stage and decreased during adulthood. The principal components analysis of shape (Relative Warp Analysis, or RWA) identified size and body depth as the main sources of variance associated to both juvenile and adult organisms. The outline of the head and the tail showed the most noticeable differences following the ontogenic pathway visualized by thin-plate splines indicating that the ontogenetic pathway of the upper half and the lower half of the dorsal head profile (DHP) are in relatively opposite directions than those from the tail that bends ventrally. The Two-Block Partial Least Square analysis (2B-PLS) and their CR coefficients showed that the two modules had a moderate linear trend (p = 0.001). Although the blocks have morphological changes at different rates, there is a moderate synchrony in growth by modules. This study is the first to report the use of geometrical morphometry in L. campechanus in Mexico.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program in the 11th Five-Year Plan Period of China (Grant No. 2007BAD29B03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30972253)
文摘The phylogenetic relationships of 13 snapper species from the South China Sea have been established using the combined DNA sequences of three full-length mitochondrial genes (COI, COII and CYTB) and two partial nuclear genes (RAG1, RAG2). The 13 species (genus Lutjanus) were selected after DNA barcoding 72 individuals, representing 20 species. Our study suggests that although DNA barcoding aims to develop species identification systems, it may also be useful in the construction of phylogenies by aiding the selection of taxa. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear gene data has an advantage over an individual dataset because of its higher resolving power.
基金funded by a competitive research grant of PIU-BARC, NATP-2 project of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council。
文摘The present work documented two snapper species, Lutjanus fulvus Forster, 1801 and Lutjanus erythropterus Bloch, 1790, recently collected from the Saint Martin's Island, Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, during a survey on coral associated fishes of Bangladesh from July 2017 to September 2018. These two species were identified with morphological characteristics and by analyzing partial mitochondrial COI sequences. The document also included an updated checklist of snappers available in Bangladesh.
文摘A feeding trial was conducted for 75 d to evaluate the nutritive value of a mixture of animal by-products （MAB） as a possible protein source in diets for juvenile mangrove red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus （mean initial body weight, 30 g）. Fish were fed one of five isonitrogenous diets （40% crude protein） replacing 0, 25% （MAB25）, 50% （MAB50）, 75% （MAB75） and 100% （MAB100） of fish meal protein with similar percentages of MAB. The MAB consisted of 25% cow liver meal, 20% leather meal, 20% meat and bone meal, 15% blood meal, 10% APC （poultry feather meal）, 8% poultry manure dried, 1.5% choline and 0.5% chromic oxide. After 75 d of feeding, fish fed with diets MAB50, MAB75 and MABI00 exhibited significantly lower growth performance than that of fish fed with control and MAB25 diets. The optimum level of MAB was estimated to be 23%. Replacement of fish meal by MAB23% showed the following performance： maximum weight gain, 510%; SGR, 2.39% and FCE, 2.83%. The MAB substitution up to 75% of fish meal protein in diets did not show differences in apparent protein digestibility （83.6% for MAB25, 79.2% for MAB50, 78.7% for MAB75） compared with control （83.4%）, whereas in MABI00 group digestibility （65.3%） was significantly lower than in other groups. The apparent phosphorus absorption of test diet groups was significantly higher （37.1% for MAB25, 28.5% for MABS0, 55.6% for MAB75 and 54.5% for MABI00） than that of control （1 1.2%）. The levels of protein and ash in the whole body, carcass and viscera increased as MAB substitution in diets increased, whereas lipids and moisture remained consistent among all treatment groups. These results showed that approximately 23% of fish meal protein could be replaced by a mixture of animal by-products for juvenile snapper growing from 30 g to 167 g in 75 d without compromising growth performance and feed efficiency.
