Through measuring the coefficient of linear expansion, the structure and properties of the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 low expansion glass ceramics containing B2O3 are studied by JR and XRD. It is shoutn that the IR method is eff...Through measuring the coefficient of linear expansion, the structure and properties of the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 low expansion glass ceramics containing B2O3 are studied by JR and XRD. It is shoutn that the IR method is efficient in the study of the glass-ceramics structure. There is a " Boron abnormality" in the system which has an important influence on the properties of the glass-ceramics.展开更多
Conventional cathode material （LiCoO2） was modified by coating with a thin layer of La2O3/Li2O/TiO2 for improving its performance for lithium ion battery. The morphology and structure of the modified cathode materia...Conventional cathode material （LiCoO2） was modified by coating with a thin layer of La2O3/Li2O/TiO2 for improving its performance for lithium ion battery. The morphology and structure of the modified cathode material was characterized by SEM, XRD, and Auger electron spectroscopy. The performance of the cells with the modified cathode material was examined, including the cycling stability, the diffusion coefficient under different voltages, and the C-rate discharge. The results showed that the cell composed of the coated cathode material discharged at a large current density, and possesses a stable cycle performance in the range from 3.0 to 4.4 V. It was explained that the rate of Li ion diffusion increased in the cell while using La2O3/Li2O/TiO2-coated LiCoO2 as the cathode and the coating layer may act as a faster ion conductor （La2O3/Li2O/TiO2）.展开更多
A La-modified Al2O3 catalyst was prepared with deposition-precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on the reactivity for vapor phase hydrofluorination of acetylene to vinyl fluoride. The catalysts c...A La-modified Al2O3 catalyst was prepared with deposition-precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on the reactivity for vapor phase hydrofluorination of acetylene to vinyl fluoride. The catalysts calcined at different temperatures were characterized using NH3-TPD, pyridine-FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and Raman techniques. It was found that the calcination process could not only change the structure of these catalysts but also modify the amount of surface acidity on the catalysts. The catalyst calcined at 400 ℃ exhibited the highest conversion of acetylene （94.6%） and highest selectivity to vinyl fluoride （83.4%） and lower coke deposition selectivity （0.72%）. The highest activity was related to the largest amount of surface acidity on the catalyst, and the coke deposition was also related to the total amount of surface acidic sites.展开更多
FeAl intermetallic compound with different contents of rare earth oxide La2O3 addition was prepared by hot pressing the mechanically alloyed powders.Effect of La2O3 on microstructure and high-temperature wear property...FeAl intermetallic compound with different contents of rare earth oxide La2O3 addition was prepared by hot pressing the mechanically alloyed powders.Effect of La2O3 on microstructure and high-temperature wear property of the sintered FeAl samples was investigated in this paper.The results showed that 1 wt.% La2O3 addition could refine the microstructure and increase the density of the FeAl intermetallic compound,and correspondingly improved the high-temperature wear resistance.SEM and EDS analyses of the wo...展开更多
The single phase La2（CO3）3·3.4H2 O was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The thermal decomposition and intermediates and final solid products of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O from 30 to 1000 °C were characteri...The single phase La2（CO3）3·3.4H2 O was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The thermal decomposition and intermediates and final solid products of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O from 30 to 1000 °C were characterized by XRD, FTIR and DTA-TG. The kinetics of dehydration of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O in the temperature range of 30-366 °C was investigated under non-isothermal conditions. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Friedman isoconversion methods were used to calculate the activation energy and analyze the reaction steps; multivariate non-linear regression program was applied to determine the most probable mechanism and the kinetic parameters. The results show that the thermal dehydration of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O is a kind of three-step competitive reaction, and controlled by an n-order initial reaction followed by n-order competitive reaction（FnFnFn model）. The activation energy matching with the most probable model is close to value obtained by Friedman method. The fitting curves match the original TG-DTG curves very well.展开更多
Chemical stability of La 2O 3 in carbonized and uncarbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathodes was studied by in situ XPS analysis. Experimental results show that chemical stability of La 2O 3 is not good enough. In vacuum and at h...Chemical stability of La 2O 3 in carbonized and uncarbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathodes was studied by in situ XPS analysis. Experimental results show that chemical stability of La 2O 3 is not good enough. In vacuum and at high temperature, oxygen can be dissociated from the lattice of La 2O 3 in the uncarbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathode. Binding energy shifts of La?3d5/2 and La?3d3/2 core peaks, and obvious decrease of satellite peak intensity in La?3d doublet with increasing temperature show that metallic La appears at carbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathode surface at high temperature.展开更多
采用溶胶-凝胶的方法低温制备石榴石结构的固体电解质Li5La3Ta2O12,并用其包覆Li Mn2O4来改善材料的电化学性能。通过XRD,SEM和TEM等表征手段对材料的结构和形貌进行分析,并通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等测试分析材料的电化...采用溶胶-凝胶的方法低温制备石榴石结构的固体电解质Li5La3Ta2O12,并用其包覆Li Mn2O4来改善材料的电化学性能。通过XRD,SEM和TEM等表征手段对材料的结构和形貌进行分析,并通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等测试分析材料的电化学性能。研究结果表明:Li5La3Ta2O12包覆的Li Mn2O4材料与未包覆的材料相比,其电化学性能得到明显改善,经过150次循环后包覆材料的放电比容量保持率为92%,在高倍率10C(C为倍率)下包覆材料放电比容量为61.2 m A·h/g,而未包覆材料放电比容量仅为40.7 m A·h/g;包覆Li5La3Ta2O12后,Li Mn2O4的阻抗明显减小,大幅度提高了其循环性能和倍率性能。展开更多
Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composite films were prepared by electrodeposition from a nickel sulfate bath containing certain content of micrometer and nanometer La2O3/CeO2 particles. The effect of La2O3 or CeO2 particle size on the...Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composite films were prepared by electrodeposition from a nickel sulfate bath containing certain content of micrometer and nanometer La2O3/CeO2 particles. The effect of La2O3 or CeO2 particle size on the oxidation resistance of the electrodeposited Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites in air at 1000 °C was studied. The results indicate that, compared with the electrodeposited Ni-film, Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites exhibit a superior oxidation resistance due to the codeposited La2O3 or CeO2 particles blocking the outward diffusion of nickel. Moreover, compared with nanoparticles, La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles have stronger effect because La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles also act as a diffusion barrier layer at the onset of oxidation.展开更多
The dielectric properties and phase transition characteristics of La2O3- and Sb2O3-doped barium strontium titanate ceramics prepared by solid state route were investigated. The microstructure was identified by X-ray d...The dielectric properties and phase transition characteristics of La2O3- and Sb2O3-doped barium strontium titanate ceramics prepared by solid state route were investigated. The microstructure was identified by X-ray diffraction method and scanning electron microscope was also employed to observe the surface morphologies. It is found that （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics exhibit typical perovskite structure and the average grain size decreases dramatically with increasing the content of Sb2O3. Both La3＋ ions and Sb3＋ ions occupy the A-sites in perovskite lattice. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of barium strontium titanate based ceramics are obviously influenced by La2O3 as well as Sb2O3 addition content. The tetragonal-cubic phase transition of La2O3 modified barium strontium titanate ceramics is of second order and the Curie temperature shifts to lower value with increasing the La2O3 doping content. The phase transition of （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics diffuses and the deviation from Curie-Weiss law becomes more obvious with the increase in Sb2O3 concentration. The temperature corresponding to the dielectric constant maximum of （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics decreases with increasing the Sb2O3 content, which is attributed to the replacement of host ions by the Sb3＋ ions.展开更多
X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied for characterization of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic powders doped with Eu2O3,Gd2O3 and Er2O3,respectively,in the conditions of differ...X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied for characterization of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic powders doped with Eu2O3,Gd2O3 and Er2O3,respectively,in the conditions of different heat-treatment temperatures and with various amounts.The powders were derived from the polyacrylamide gel method.The results show that,the wet gels prepared by polyacrylamide perform a unique crystallization behavior in the process of drying,comparing with some customary preparation such as melt processing.The main crystal phase and crystallization sequence of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 micro-powders have no distinct with addition of Eu2O3,Gd2O3 or Er2O3,while the crystallization temperature of the β-spodumene decreased and the amount of the β-spodumene increased.展开更多
The layered perovskite type oxide K2La2Ti3O10 powders were prepared under air, Ar and H2 calcination atmospheres by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance and X-ray photoe...The layered perovskite type oxide K2La2Ti3O10 powders were prepared under air, Ar and H2 calcination atmospheres by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The influence of the calcination atmosphere on the photocatalytic reactivity of K2La2Ti3O10 for hydrogen production was investigated. The photocatalytic reactivity of K2La2Ti3O10 prepared under air, Ar and H2 atmospheres was compared with that prepared under ultraviolet and visible light radiation using I- as electronic donor. The results show that K2La2Ti3O10 prepared under Ar and H2 atmospheres has higher photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production than that prepared under air atmosphere. The hydrogen production rates under ultraviolet irradiation are 127.5, 81.3 and 57.0 μmol/(L·h) and those under visible light irradiation are 40.2, 30.2 and 16.5 μmol/(L·h) respectively when K2La2Ti3O10 is prepared under Ar, H2 and air atmospheres.展开更多
Spherical Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 was prepared via the homogenous precursors produced by solution spray-drying method. The precursors were sintered at different temperatures between 600 and 1 000 ℃ for 10 h. ...Spherical Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 was prepared via the homogenous precursors produced by solution spray-drying method. The precursors were sintered at different temperatures between 600 and 1 000 ℃ for 10 h. The impacts of different sintering temperatures on the structure and electrochemical performances of Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 were compared by means of X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and charge/discharge test as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. The experimental results show that the spherical morphology of the spray-dried powers maintains during the subsequent heat treatment and the specific capacity increases with rising sintering temperature. When the sintering temperature rises up to 900 ℃ , Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 attains a reversible capacity of 153 mA·h/g between 3.00 and 4.35 V at 0.2C rate with excellent cyclability.展开更多
The layered Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 was separately synthesized by pretreatment process of ball mill method and solution phase route, using [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4 and lithium hydroxide as raw materials. The physical and el...The layered Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 was separately synthesized by pretreatment process of ball mill method and solution phase route, using [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4 and lithium hydroxide as raw materials. The physical and electrochemical behaviors of Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and electrochemical charge/discharge cycling tests. The results show that the difference in pretreatment process results in the difference in compound Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 structure, morphology and the electrochemical characteristics. The Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 prepared by solution phase route maintains the uniform spherical morphology of the [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4, and it exhibits a higher capacity retention and better rate capability than that prepared by ball mill method. The initial discharge capacity of this sample reaches 178 mA-h/g and the capacity retention after 50 cycles is 98.7% at a current density of 20 mA/g. Moreover, it delivers high discharge capacity of 135 mA-h/g at a current density of 1 000 mA/g.展开更多
文摘Through measuring the coefficient of linear expansion, the structure and properties of the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 low expansion glass ceramics containing B2O3 are studied by JR and XRD. It is shoutn that the IR method is efficient in the study of the glass-ceramics structure. There is a " Boron abnormality" in the system which has an important influence on the properties of the glass-ceramics.
基金Key Program Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (06105562)
文摘Conventional cathode material （LiCoO2） was modified by coating with a thin layer of La2O3/Li2O/TiO2 for improving its performance for lithium ion battery. The morphology and structure of the modified cathode material was characterized by SEM, XRD, and Auger electron spectroscopy. The performance of the cells with the modified cathode material was examined, including the cycling stability, the diffusion coefficient under different voltages, and the C-rate discharge. The results showed that the cell composed of the coated cathode material discharged at a large current density, and possesses a stable cycle performance in the range from 3.0 to 4.4 V. It was explained that the rate of Li ion diffusion increased in the cell while using La2O3/Li2O/TiO2-coated LiCoO2 as the cathode and the coating layer may act as a faster ion conductor （La2O3/Li2O/TiO2）.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20873125）,
文摘A La-modified Al2O3 catalyst was prepared with deposition-precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on the reactivity for vapor phase hydrofluorination of acetylene to vinyl fluoride. The catalysts calcined at different temperatures were characterized using NH3-TPD, pyridine-FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and Raman techniques. It was found that the calcination process could not only change the structure of these catalysts but also modify the amount of surface acidity on the catalysts. The catalyst calcined at 400 ℃ exhibited the highest conversion of acetylene （94.6%） and highest selectivity to vinyl fluoride （83.4%） and lower coke deposition selectivity （0.72%）. The highest activity was related to the largest amount of surface acidity on the catalyst, and the coke deposition was also related to the total amount of surface acidic sites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50575034)
文摘FeAl intermetallic compound with different contents of rare earth oxide La2O3 addition was prepared by hot pressing the mechanically alloyed powders.Effect of La2O3 on microstructure and high-temperature wear property of the sintered FeAl samples was investigated in this paper.The results showed that 1 wt.% La2O3 addition could refine the microstructure and increase the density of the FeAl intermetallic compound,and correspondingly improved the high-temperature wear resistance.SEM and EDS analyses of the wo...
基金Project(201011005-5)supported by the National Land and Resources Public Welfare Scientific Research Project of ChinaProject(41030426)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(20095122110015)supported by Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProject(2010-32)supported by Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Ministry for Returned Chinese Scholars,China
文摘The single phase La2（CO3）3·3.4H2 O was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The thermal decomposition and intermediates and final solid products of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O from 30 to 1000 °C were characterized by XRD, FTIR and DTA-TG. The kinetics of dehydration of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O in the temperature range of 30-366 °C was investigated under non-isothermal conditions. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Friedman isoconversion methods were used to calculate the activation energy and analyze the reaction steps; multivariate non-linear regression program was applied to determine the most probable mechanism and the kinetic parameters. The results show that the thermal dehydration of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O is a kind of three-step competitive reaction, and controlled by an n-order initial reaction followed by n-order competitive reaction（FnFnFn model）. The activation energy matching with the most probable model is close to value obtained by Friedman method. The fitting curves match the original TG-DTG curves very well.
文摘Chemical stability of La 2O 3 in carbonized and uncarbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathodes was studied by in situ XPS analysis. Experimental results show that chemical stability of La 2O 3 is not good enough. In vacuum and at high temperature, oxygen can be dissociated from the lattice of La 2O 3 in the uncarbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathode. Binding energy shifts of La?3d5/2 and La?3d3/2 core peaks, and obvious decrease of satellite peak intensity in La?3d doublet with increasing temperature show that metallic La appears at carbonized La 2O 3 Mo cathode surface at high temperature.
文摘采用溶胶-凝胶的方法低温制备石榴石结构的固体电解质Li5La3Ta2O12,并用其包覆Li Mn2O4来改善材料的电化学性能。通过XRD,SEM和TEM等表征手段对材料的结构和形貌进行分析,并通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等测试分析材料的电化学性能。研究结果表明:Li5La3Ta2O12包覆的Li Mn2O4材料与未包覆的材料相比,其电化学性能得到明显改善,经过150次循环后包覆材料的放电比容量保持率为92%,在高倍率10C(C为倍率)下包覆材料放电比容量为61.2 m A·h/g,而未包覆材料放电比容量仅为40.7 m A·h/g;包覆Li5La3Ta2O12后,Li Mn2O4的阻抗明显减小,大幅度提高了其循环性能和倍率性能。
基金Project(GC13A113)supported by the Technology Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentProject(12511469)supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Department
文摘Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composite films were prepared by electrodeposition from a nickel sulfate bath containing certain content of micrometer and nanometer La2O3/CeO2 particles. The effect of La2O3 or CeO2 particle size on the oxidation resistance of the electrodeposited Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites in air at 1000 °C was studied. The results indicate that, compared with the electrodeposited Ni-film, Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites exhibit a superior oxidation resistance due to the codeposited La2O3 or CeO2 particles blocking the outward diffusion of nickel. Moreover, compared with nanoparticles, La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles have stronger effect because La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles also act as a diffusion barrier layer at the onset of oxidation.
基金Project (11KJB430007) supported by the University Natural Science Research Program of Jiangsu Province, ChinaProject supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China
文摘The dielectric properties and phase transition characteristics of La2O3- and Sb2O3-doped barium strontium titanate ceramics prepared by solid state route were investigated. The microstructure was identified by X-ray diffraction method and scanning electron microscope was also employed to observe the surface morphologies. It is found that （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics exhibit typical perovskite structure and the average grain size decreases dramatically with increasing the content of Sb2O3. Both La3＋ ions and Sb3＋ ions occupy the A-sites in perovskite lattice. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of barium strontium titanate based ceramics are obviously influenced by La2O3 as well as Sb2O3 addition content. The tetragonal-cubic phase transition of La2O3 modified barium strontium titanate ceramics is of second order and the Curie temperature shifts to lower value with increasing the La2O3 doping content. The phase transition of （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics diffuses and the deviation from Curie-Weiss law becomes more obvious with the increase in Sb2O3 concentration. The temperature corresponding to the dielectric constant maximum of （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics decreases with increasing the Sb2O3 content, which is attributed to the replacement of host ions by the Sb3＋ ions.
文摘X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied for characterization of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic powders doped with Eu2O3,Gd2O3 and Er2O3,respectively,in the conditions of different heat-treatment temperatures and with various amounts.The powders were derived from the polyacrylamide gel method.The results show that,the wet gels prepared by polyacrylamide perform a unique crystallization behavior in the process of drying,comparing with some customary preparation such as melt processing.The main crystal phase and crystallization sequence of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 micro-powders have no distinct with addition of Eu2O3,Gd2O3 or Er2O3,while the crystallization temperature of the β-spodumene decreased and the amount of the β-spodumene increased.
基金Project(2002AA327140) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘The layered perovskite type oxide K2La2Ti3O10 powders were prepared under air, Ar and H2 calcination atmospheres by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The influence of the calcination atmosphere on the photocatalytic reactivity of K2La2Ti3O10 for hydrogen production was investigated. The photocatalytic reactivity of K2La2Ti3O10 prepared under air, Ar and H2 atmospheres was compared with that prepared under ultraviolet and visible light radiation using I- as electronic donor. The results show that K2La2Ti3O10 prepared under Ar and H2 atmospheres has higher photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production than that prepared under air atmosphere. The hydrogen production rates under ultraviolet irradiation are 127.5, 81.3 and 57.0 μmol/(L·h) and those under visible light irradiation are 40.2, 30.2 and 16.5 μmol/(L·h) respectively when K2La2Ti3O10 is prepared under Ar, H2 and air atmospheres.
文摘Spherical Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 was prepared via the homogenous precursors produced by solution spray-drying method. The precursors were sintered at different temperatures between 600 and 1 000 ℃ for 10 h. The impacts of different sintering temperatures on the structure and electrochemical performances of Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 were compared by means of X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and charge/discharge test as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. The experimental results show that the spherical morphology of the spray-dried powers maintains during the subsequent heat treatment and the specific capacity increases with rising sintering temperature. When the sintering temperature rises up to 900 ℃ , Li(Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3))O_2 attains a reversible capacity of 153 mA·h/g between 3.00 and 4.35 V at 0.2C rate with excellent cyclability.
基金Project(20871101)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009WK2007)supported by Key Project of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(CX2009B133)supported by Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province Plans to Graduate Research and Innovation,China
文摘The layered Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 was separately synthesized by pretreatment process of ball mill method and solution phase route, using [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4 and lithium hydroxide as raw materials. The physical and electrochemical behaviors of Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and electrochemical charge/discharge cycling tests. The results show that the difference in pretreatment process results in the difference in compound Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 structure, morphology and the electrochemical characteristics. The Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 prepared by solution phase route maintains the uniform spherical morphology of the [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4, and it exhibits a higher capacity retention and better rate capability than that prepared by ball mill method. The initial discharge capacity of this sample reaches 178 mA-h/g and the capacity retention after 50 cycles is 98.7% at a current density of 20 mA/g. Moreover, it delivers high discharge capacity of 135 mA-h/g at a current density of 1 000 mA/g.
