European Economic Security Strategy and Its Impact

The EU has long been seen as a major force for multilateralism and free trade due to its open and liberal economic policies and single market.However,that changed in June 2023 when the European Commission unveiled the European Economic Security Strategy for the first time.

The Biden Administration's Strategy of Economic Diplomacy

Since Biden took office as the US President,he has shifted his focus from the so-called“free market economy”to governmentled economic diplomacy.He builds exclusive economic alliances in the industrial chain,advanced technology,infrastructure and digital trade,with the fundamental purpose of forging a united front against China economically and changing the status quo of the global market by the hand of government.

Problems and Strategies:A Case Study of Translation of the Introduction of Xianda College of Economics and Humanities,SISU

The present paper takes the English translation of the introduction of Xianda College of Economics and Humanities,SISU as an example to explore the translation problems of proper nouns and differences in English and Chinese language expressions in the construction of English introductions in Chinese institutions of higher education with the intention to propose corresponding solutions.It is hoped that this paper will provide some tips for the English translation of international publicity materials for other institutions of higher education.

Entrepreneurial Spirit for China in the New Era and Strategies for Cultivation

What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic development.After reviewing the theories,dimensions,features,and limitations of the entrepreneurial spirit in the Western context,we concluded that the entrepreneurial spirit in China’s new era,which is characterized by patriotism,innovation,trustworthiness,adherence to the law,fulfillment of social responsibilities,and a global horizon,has overcome the limitations that come with self-interested entrepreneurship in the context of Western economics.This is a major step forward in the development of theories on entrepreneurial spirit.In the development context of the new era,this paper argues that the entrepreneurial spirit should become an important force at the individual level to implement the new development concept,foster the new development paradigm,and promote high-quality development in the new stage.This paper provides answers to the question of what type of entrepreneurial spirit China’s new era requires.Finally,this paper presents basic strategies for cultivating entrepreneurial spirit in the context of China’s new era,emphasizing the importance to promote the healthy growth of young entrepreneurs,ensure their business autonomy,develop a multi-tiered capital market,implement the factor market reforms,improve the business climate,and accelerate the digital transition.

Analysis and Innovative Strategies of Tax Preferential Policies to Promote the Sustainable Development of Small-Scale Individual Businesses

This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.

Analysis on the Transformation of Marketing Strategy and the Countermeasures under the Network Economic Times

In this paper, we theoretically analyze the transformation of marketing strategy and the countermeasures under the network economic times. Network marketing is based on the network technology, including the whole process of marketing activities as a new form of marketing. In this paper, we analyze the issue from the listed perspectives. （1） Ultra space-and-time. The traditional marketing has very strong boundedness to the region, and this boundedness displays, the specifi c transaction can only be closed in the specific region, if the enterprise wants to expand the market share, only then establishes the retailing organization. （2） Interactivity. Network as a media, with the one-on-one interaction, this feature allows companies to basic communicate with consumers, and strengthen consumer participation, to determine the product form, function and the price. （3） The symmetry of information. Consumers can fi nd all kinds of that related products on the Internet information, there are plenty of time to judge the various products and prices. Companies will also be released in a timely manner on the Internet the company’s latest product information. Under this basis, we propose the new idea on the network marketing development direction that will help to build up the more efficient marketing system.

Research on Modular Manufacture Strategy under New Economic Circumstance

Modularity can simplify the process of complex product design and manufacture effectively,and it can also optimize the supply resource to satisfy the customization needs of customers,which has aroused more and more awareness of people both in management theory research and in enterprise practice recently. In the article,we analyze the difficulty of complex product manufacture,introduce the idea of modular manufacture and research the basic content of modular manufacture strategy. Meanwhile,the significance of modular manufacture strategy to build up core competition and fast innovation for the manufacture industry are studied. At last,we discuss the necessity of building modular manufacture strategy and its modes and process. The studies demonstrate that based on modular manufacture is crucial to establish enterprise strategy and optimize enterprise competence.

LAND USE STRATEGIES IN SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES OF CHINA:THE CASE STUDY OF HAINAN PROVINCE

Special economic zones are important bridges between Chinaand intemational market. Their economic structure is being transformed andnew land use strategies should be taken correspondingly. HainanProvince, as the biggest special economic zone, has great superiorities andpotentialities for the development of land use. In order to realize the goal,the present land use decision should be mainly guided by market, moreattention should be paid to tropical agriculture and aquatic productindustry, the principle of sustainable development should be strengthened,and the area of farmland for grain production should be stabilized.

Root phosphatase activity is a competitive trait affiliated with the conservation gradient in root economic space

Background:The diversity of resource acquisition strategies of plant roots determines the species coexistence patterns to a certain extent.However,few root physiological traits have been investigated,such as root phosphatase activity(PA)that affects plant phosphorus(P)uptake.Methods:Root PA and classical root functional traits were investigated for 21 coexisting species in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in warm temperate-subtropical transition zone,China.We analyzed the root order variation of absorptive fine root PA,clarified the attribution of root PA in root economic space(RES)and the different P acquisition strategies of co-occurring species based on the multidimensional RES theory,and determined the dominant factors affecting interspecific variation in root PA.Results:There was no distinct pattern of PA variation with root order in the first three root orders of absorptive fine roots,and root PA was constrained by phylogeny.Root PA is a competitive trait affiliated with the conservation gradient in RES.The tight linkages among root PA,mycorrhizal colonization,diameter,specific root length,and nitrogen concentration suggested trade-offs among P acquisition strategies of co-occurring species,i.e.species with long and fine roots acquire inorganic P by actively exploring the soil and secreting phosphatase to mineralize and hydrolyze organic P,while species with short and thick roots obtain P mainly by investing C in mycorrhizal partners.Conclusions:Collectively,our study provides an insight into the forest species coexistence in climatic transition zones,i.e.species coexistence mechanisms based on diverse phosphorus acquisition strategies.

Regional Economic Types and Development Strategy of Small Towns in Suburb Beijing

The purpose of this article is to classify the regional economic types and development dynamics of small towns in suburb Beijing by applying the classification methods developed by Nelson's method and Location Quotient method into 183 small towns in Beijing.Four types of small towns are thus identified,including urban agriculture dominated towns,manufacturing dominated towns,service industry dominated towns and comprehensive type towns with balanced economic development.Within the environment of geographical information system,the spatial distribution pattern of four types of small towns with their evolution trend is analyzed.The results indicate that four types of small towns have obvious'core-periphery'spatial structure but with different functional orientations and evolution mechanisms.Based on this,the different development strategies for each type of small towns are summarized,providing a scientific reference for the differentiating planning and development strategies of these small towns.

Predicament of College Students with Economic Difficulties in Career Development and Assistance Strategies

College students with economic difficulties are the vulnerable groups who are easy to fall into the predicament of career development. They are mainly characterized as weak career awareness,unclear self-awareness,lack of social resources,and poor comprehensive quality. This paper comprehensively analyzed the predicament of college students and causes. On the basis of causes,it came up with strategies including establishing a perfect whole-process education mechanism,strengthening psychological health and ideological and political education,actively expanding social practice internship platform,and vigorously cultivating employment competitiveness,so as to help students with economic difficulties to get out of their predicament and realize sustainable and comprehensive career development.

Economic Load Dispatch Based on Efficient Population Utilization Strategy for Particle Swarm Optimization

In this paper, the efficient population utilization strategy for particle swarm optimization (EPUSPSO) is proposed to solve the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem of power system. This algorithm improves the accuracy and the speed of its convergence by changing the number of particles effectively, and improving the velocity equation and position equation. In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, this algorithm is tested in three different ELD cases of power system include IEEE 3-unit case, 13-unit case, and 40-unit case, and the obtained results are compared with those obtained from other algorithms using the same system parameters. The compared results show that the algorithm can find the optimal solution effectively and accurately, and avoid falling into the local optimal problem;meanwhile, faster speed can be ensured in the case.

The Economics of Decline in the Media Industry： Survival Strategies of American Print Media Firms and Implications for a Diminishing Print Media Industry in Nigeria

The media industry plays a central role in the emergence of a politically, socially, and economically conscious citizenry. This role has elevated the industry as a major stakeholder in the political, socio-cultural, and economic development of the people. This essential role, however, has come under serious threat following the emergence of the Digital Age, changing social trends, and a global economy that is in distress. This is the main reason this paper investigates the survival strategies adopted by the US print media industry to deal with the decline and see how the Nigerian print media industry that is facing similar decline can benefit from the strategies. The method of study is qualitative. We gathered data through in-depth interviews and on-site observation of the operations of the selected media organizations. We also reviewed literature provided by the media firms and the ones that are already in the public domain. Our findings confirm recent projections that the American and Nigerian media industries are truly facing economics of decline and that the Nigerian industry is worst hit. The study identified some of the strategies adopted by the American print media industry to deal with the economic recession to include introduction of online editions, use of pay wall, free online views, Search Engine Optimization, Micro-funding, etc. After thorough interrogation of the literature and results, we conclude that the Nigerian print media industry could apply similar strategies used in the US to address its own negative economic situation. We also recommend an upgrade in the media training curricula to address some of these concerns effectively leading to the emergence of ＂Media Entrepreneurship＂ as a course in Communication/Media Departments in Nigerian universities.

Strategy of Xinjiang-Central Asia Energy Cooperation in Silk Road Economic Belt

The Silk Road Economic Belt is the updated version of regional economy and trade cooperation. It focuses on cooperation and development in energy, providing broad connotation and denotation and space for XinjiangCentral Asia to cooperate with each other in energy. Although it has bright prospect, the energy cooperation will still be restricted by the complex environment of Central Asia and the internal factors of Xinjiang, such as its unique economic model and industrial structure. Thus, in order to realize mutually beneficial cooperation, which is the common target of Silk Road Economic Belt, Xinjiang and Central Asia need to strengthen energy dialogue and expand the energy diplomacy, promote the construction process of Xinjiang energy strategy base, establish and perfect the information platform of Central Asia energy cooperation.

To Quicken Guangxi "Coastal Economic Belt" Construction around the "Belt & Road" Strategy

As a minority group border area in the Southwest of China,Guangxi shares a coastal line and land with ASEAN nations,namely with1,595 km coastal line and 1,100 km land border.The five cities along the coastal line—Beihai,Fangchenggang,Qinzhou,Baise and Chongzuo

Economic Development Strategies and Optimization of High-tech Development Zones from the Perspective of"Four-transform and Three-famous":Taking Nanchang High-tech Development Zone as an Example

In recent years,high-tech development zones(hi-tech zones)have always occupied a very important position in the strategy of promoting China's innovative development.The combination of the"four-transform and three-famous"coordinated economic development strategy pioneered by Zhejiang Province in 2015 and the coordinated economic development of high-tech zones is particularly important for modern China at a critical time for innovative economic development.In this article,based on the research on the coordination mechanism of economic activities and development of Nanchang High-tech Zone,the development course of high-tech zones in China is elaborated,the early economic models in high-tech zones of Nanchang and China are analyzed,the existing problems in the structure of economic development of high-tech zones are analyzed in depth,the main driving factors for promoting the economic development of high-tech zones are studied from the aspects of capital,space,industry,economic model,etc.,and corresponding development strategies for high-tech development zones in China are proposed.

Japanese Media Strategy： The Recognition of Economic Value Chains

This paper examines, as a case study, Japanese media production, remaking, and transferences of media content derived from the manga Janguru Taitei （Jungle Emperor） and contemporary Japanese government strategies to protect and promote Japanese cultural and economic value within the content business. The study utilizes methodological triangulation inclusive of textual, document, and value chain analysis. The Japanese government has progressively appreciated the intrinsic value of the media content from both a commercial and cultural context and the loss of value in unregulated segments of the regional market. In 2003, they established an Intellectual Property Strategy Group to support and promote the Japanese media content business. There has been a continuum of policy development since then to protect and amplify the financial value of Japanese media products. All of the developments in media industry are fuelled not only by government regulations, the imagination of talented artists and writers, and the growing regionalization and internationalization of the industry but also the ＂bottom line＂ emerging from the value chain. The recognition of the need for sustaining profit growth to continue the viability of original and remade content in Japan is paramount for Japan.

Socio-Demographic and Economic Correlates of Climate Change Coping and Adaptation Strategies: A Study on the Farmer Communities in Barisal District, Bangladesh

The major objective of the study is to apply Conservation of Resource (COR) theory for examining the influence of farmers’ socio-demographic and economic correlates upon their adoption of agricultural, economic and emotion-focused coping and adaptation strategies of climate change. An interview schedule developed from the COR theory was utilized for data collection. Using multistage cluster sampling technique, a total of 384 farmers were chosen from Agailjhara Upazila of Barisal District and interviewed through a predesigned structured questionnaire. For triangulation of the quantitative findings, the study employed case study technique to collect qualitative data from the respondents. The findings of the study demonstrate that the most common emotion- focused, agricultural and economic coping and adaptation strategies of climate change were social support seeking (79.69%), planting trees (71.35%), homestead gardening (52.08%), hydroponic farming/floating garden (46.88%), duck rearing (30.73%), saving (20.83%), self-insurance (18.75%), etc. Bivariate results indicate that age, ownership of land, income and ownership of television or mobile phone were found significantly correlated with the three variables, including economic, agricultural and emotion-focused coping and adaptation strategies of COR theory. Again, access to microcredit has relationship with economic and agricultural adaptation strategies. Furthermore, education has significant relationship with agricultural adaptation strategies. The study suggests that continuous researches by policy makers, researchers, GOs and NGOs are very essential to exploring and enhancing farmers’ coping and adaptation strategies which may relegate the adverse impacts and vulnerabilities of climate change in the study area.

Economic Effects of China’s Import Expansion Strategy

Since 2018,China has enacted a string of policy initiatives to increase imports.To quantify this import expansion strategy’s economic effects,we created a large numerical general equilibrium model and quantitatively simulated the economic effects of the reductions of tariff and non-tariff barriers on China and other economies.Our simulation results show that overall,China’s import expansion strategy benefited both itself and others and contributed to employment,welfare,and trade growth in China and the rest of the world.In relative terms,however,China’s import expansion strategy benefited other countries more than it did itself and contributed more to the growth of the world economy.Additionally,the import expansion strategy may effectively promote China’s trade balance,and the trade equilibrium effect driven by the reduction of non-tariff barriers is more significant than that of tariff barriers.Furthermore,regarding the self-benefiting effects of import expansion,the effects of nontariff measures are significantly greater than those of tariff measures,and this result has policy implications for China’s import expansion strategy going forward.

Strategies to Promote Sustainable Development of Industrial Parks in Vietnam＇s Northern Key Economic Zone

Industrial Parks （IPs） in the Northern Key Economic Zone of Vietnam （NKEZ） have been making significant contributions to the development of the zone since the first two industrial parks--Noi Bai in Hanoi and Nomura in Hal Phong--were established 15 years ago. So far, there have been 51 IPs in the zone, covering a total area of 13,000 ha. Such IPs play a crucial role in mobilizing capital from domestic and international investors for investments in infrastructure enhancement, trade and production aimed at promoting the economic structure transition. However, besides the above benefits, there are a number of unstable factors preventing further development of the IPs. Thus, the objectives of this study are two-fold. The first is to analyze the unstable factors, and the second is to map out strategies to enhance sustainable development of industrial parks in Vietnam＇s northern key economic zone.