This work presents the use of extended Modified Lambert Beer(MLB)model for accurate andcontinuous monitoring of percent blood carboxyhemoglobin(COHb)(SCO)and oxyhemoglobin(OxyHb)saturation(SO,)via a fitting procedure....This work presents the use of extended Modified Lambert Beer(MLB)model for accurate andcontinuous monitoring of percent blood carboxyhemoglobin(COHb)(SCO)and oxyhemoglobin(OxyHb)saturation(SO,)via a fitting procedure.This quantification technique is based on theabsorption characteristics of hemoglobin derivatives in the wavelength range of 520-600 nm togive the best estimates of the required parameters.A comparison of the performance of the developed model and MILB law is made using attenuation data from Monte Carlo simulations for a two-layered skin model.The results revealed a lower mean absolute error of 0.4%in the valuesestimated by the developed model as compared to 10%that is given by the MILB law.This studyshowed that the discussed approach is able to provide consistent and accurate measurement ofblood SO,and SCO across diferent skin pigmen tations suggesting that it may potentially be usedas an alternative means for clinical diagnosis of carbon monoxide(CO)poisoning.展开更多
Microwave heating of liquid foods in laminar flow through a circular tube has been modeled. In particular, skim milk as a Newtonian fluid and apple sauce and tomato sauce as non-Newtonian fluids have been considered. ...Microwave heating of liquid foods in laminar flow through a circular tube has been modeled. In particular, skim milk as a Newtonian fluid and apple sauce and tomato sauce as non-Newtonian fluids have been considered. The temperature profiles have been obtained solving the motion and energy equations in transient regime and Maxwell’s equations in the frequency domain. Numerical resolution of Finite Element Method has been implemented in Comsol Multiphysics. The generation term due to the microwave heating has been evaluated according both to Lambert’s law and Poynting theorem. Finally, a comparison between the two methods has been made in order to check to what extent the results obtained with the simpler Lambert’s law approximation are comparable with those deriving from the exact solution of Maxwell equations. Dielectric properties are considered to be temperature dependent.展开更多
文摘This work presents the use of extended Modified Lambert Beer(MLB)model for accurate andcontinuous monitoring of percent blood carboxyhemoglobin(COHb)(SCO)and oxyhemoglobin(OxyHb)saturation(SO,)via a fitting procedure.This quantification technique is based on theabsorption characteristics of hemoglobin derivatives in the wavelength range of 520-600 nm togive the best estimates of the required parameters.A comparison of the performance of the developed model and MILB law is made using attenuation data from Monte Carlo simulations for a two-layered skin model.The results revealed a lower mean absolute error of 0.4%in the valuesestimated by the developed model as compared to 10%that is given by the MILB law.This studyshowed that the discussed approach is able to provide consistent and accurate measurement ofblood SO,and SCO across diferent skin pigmen tations suggesting that it may potentially be usedas an alternative means for clinical diagnosis of carbon monoxide(CO)poisoning.
文摘Microwave heating of liquid foods in laminar flow through a circular tube has been modeled. In particular, skim milk as a Newtonian fluid and apple sauce and tomato sauce as non-Newtonian fluids have been considered. The temperature profiles have been obtained solving the motion and energy equations in transient regime and Maxwell’s equations in the frequency domain. Numerical resolution of Finite Element Method has been implemented in Comsol Multiphysics. The generation term due to the microwave heating has been evaluated according both to Lambert’s law and Poynting theorem. Finally, a comparison between the two methods has been made in order to check to what extent the results obtained with the simpler Lambert’s law approximation are comparable with those deriving from the exact solution of Maxwell equations. Dielectric properties are considered to be temperature dependent.
