The blood-brain barrier is a unique property of central nervous system blood vessels that protects sensitive central nervous system cells from potentially harmful blood components.The mechanistic basis of this barrier...The blood-brain barrier is a unique property of central nervous system blood vessels that protects sensitive central nervous system cells from potentially harmful blood components.The mechanistic basis of this barrier is found at multiple levels,including the adherens and tight junction proteins that tightly bind adjacent endothelial cells and the influence of neighboring pericytes,microglia,and astrocyte endfeet.In addition,extracellular matrix components of the vascular basement membrane play a critical role in establishing and maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity,not only by providing an adhesive substrate for blood-brain barrier cells to adhere to,but also by providing guidance cues that strongly influence vascular cell behavior.The extracellular matrix protein laminin is one of the most abundant components of the basement membrane,and several lines of evidence suggest that it plays a key role in directing blood-brain barrier behavior.In this review,we describe the basic structure of laminin and its receptors,the expression patterns of these molecules in central nervous system blood vessels and how they are altered in disease states,and most importantly,how genetic deletion of different laminin isoforms or their receptors reveals the contribution of these molecules to blood-brain barrier function and integrity.Finally,we discuss some of the important unanswered questions in the field and provide a“to-do”list of some of the critical outstanding experiments.展开更多
目的:研究lam in in和survivin蛋白在原发性胆囊癌组织中的表达情况,及其与癌组织类型、病理分级和转移状况的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测49例原发性胆囊癌、21例胆囊腺瘤和13例慢性胆囊炎组织中lam in in和survivin蛋白的表...目的:研究lam in in和survivin蛋白在原发性胆囊癌组织中的表达情况,及其与癌组织类型、病理分级和转移状况的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测49例原发性胆囊癌、21例胆囊腺瘤和13例慢性胆囊炎组织中lam in in和survivin蛋白的表达。结果:胆囊黏膜内癌或原位癌细胞基底膜lam in in线性染色完整;NevinⅡ期胆囊癌组织表现为基底膜不完整,变薄,断裂,或缺损;临床NevinⅢ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ期胆囊癌,则无基底膜形成,在肿瘤组织周围,lam in in表达类型呈碎片状或断线状和连续线状,部分癌组织内lam in in染色消失和癌细胞浆内有lam in in弱染色。胆囊癌组织中survivin阳性表达率明显高于胆囊腺瘤和慢性胆囊炎组织,但survivin的阳性表达与胆囊癌细胞分化程度、病理分级和转移无关(P>0.05)。且胆囊癌组织中lam in in的连续线断裂或缺失,与胆囊癌组织中survivin的表达情况无相关性。结论:胆囊癌基质中lam in in的表达类型与胆囊癌的侵袭和转移有关,而survivin在胆囊癌中表达增加,但两者之间似乎无关联。展开更多
文摘The blood-brain barrier is a unique property of central nervous system blood vessels that protects sensitive central nervous system cells from potentially harmful blood components.The mechanistic basis of this barrier is found at multiple levels,including the adherens and tight junction proteins that tightly bind adjacent endothelial cells and the influence of neighboring pericytes,microglia,and astrocyte endfeet.In addition,extracellular matrix components of the vascular basement membrane play a critical role in establishing and maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity,not only by providing an adhesive substrate for blood-brain barrier cells to adhere to,but also by providing guidance cues that strongly influence vascular cell behavior.The extracellular matrix protein laminin is one of the most abundant components of the basement membrane,and several lines of evidence suggest that it plays a key role in directing blood-brain barrier behavior.In this review,we describe the basic structure of laminin and its receptors,the expression patterns of these molecules in central nervous system blood vessels and how they are altered in disease states,and most importantly,how genetic deletion of different laminin isoforms or their receptors reveals the contribution of these molecules to blood-brain barrier function and integrity.Finally,we discuss some of the important unanswered questions in the field and provide a“to-do”list of some of the critical outstanding experiments.
文摘目的:研究lam in in和survivin蛋白在原发性胆囊癌组织中的表达情况,及其与癌组织类型、病理分级和转移状况的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测49例原发性胆囊癌、21例胆囊腺瘤和13例慢性胆囊炎组织中lam in in和survivin蛋白的表达。结果:胆囊黏膜内癌或原位癌细胞基底膜lam in in线性染色完整;NevinⅡ期胆囊癌组织表现为基底膜不完整,变薄,断裂,或缺损;临床NevinⅢ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ期胆囊癌,则无基底膜形成,在肿瘤组织周围,lam in in表达类型呈碎片状或断线状和连续线状,部分癌组织内lam in in染色消失和癌细胞浆内有lam in in弱染色。胆囊癌组织中survivin阳性表达率明显高于胆囊腺瘤和慢性胆囊炎组织,但survivin的阳性表达与胆囊癌细胞分化程度、病理分级和转移无关(P>0.05)。且胆囊癌组织中lam in in的连续线断裂或缺失,与胆囊癌组织中survivin的表达情况无相关性。结论:胆囊癌基质中lam in in的表达类型与胆囊癌的侵袭和转移有关,而survivin在胆囊癌中表达增加,但两者之间似乎无关联。
