Understanding the lipopolysaccharide induced liver proteome changes and identification of immune genes in Lampetra morii

Lamprey is considered to be an excellent model for studying the origin of adaptive immunity.In the present study,three up-regulated and ten down-regulated proteins were identified in the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced liver proteome of Lampetra morii.Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)was used to characterize in the liver the abundance of transcripts encoding the differentially expressed proteins.The abundance of transcripts and the corresponding differentially expressed proteins revealed that expression of cystathionase and Zgc:112210-201 was not correlated with protein expression level.Polyl 4-hydroxylase,serum lectin,Zgc:112210-201,and cofilin 1 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in liver tissue after treatment with LPS.Transcript abundance of differentially expressed proteins in the gill,kidney,heart,intestine,liver,and supraneural body was determined.Transcripts of Zgc:112210-201 were almost undetectable in the tissues while polyl 4-hydroxylase,protein disulfide isomerase family A(member 4),cystathionase,and serum lectin were low abundance unlike the protein which was easily detected.This study represents the first attempt at understanding the LPS induced liver proteome of L.morii and our findings contribute to the identification of novel immune genes in lamprey.

东北七鳃鳗和日本七鳃鳗成体形态性状对体质量的影响分析

为研究东北七鳃鳗和日本七鳃鳗形态性状对体质量的影响,测量314尾东北七鳃鳗和302尾日本七鳃鳗成体的体质量(Y)和全长(X_1)、躯干长(X_2)、尾长(X_3)、头长(X_4)、吻长(X_5)、眼径(X_6)、背鳍前长(X_7)、眼后头长(X_8)8个形态性状,运用相关分析、通径分析和回归分析方法,确定影响体质量的主要形态性状,建立体质量和形态性状的多元回归方程。分析结果显示:东北七鳃鳗和日本七鳃鳗体质量服从正态分布,体质量的变异系数最大,全长、躯干长、尾长、头长、吻长、眼径、背鳍前长和眼后头长8个形态性状均与体质量呈正相关(P<0.01)。经偏回归系数检验,东北七鳃鳗全长、头长、眼径和眼后头长呈显著性水平(P<0.05),其通径系数分别为0.636、0.202、0.060和0.105;日本七鳃鳗全长、吻长和眼后头长呈极显著性水平(P<0.01),其通径系数分别为0.730、0.098和0.153。单个性状对体质量的决定系数中,东北七鳃鳗和日本七鳃鳗全长对体质量的决定系数最大。东北七鳃鳗和日本七鳃鳗形态性状的单独决定系数和两个共同决定系数的总和分别为0.855和0.857。建立以东北七鳃鳗全长、头长、眼径和眼后头长4个形态性状为自变量,体质量为因变量的多元回归方程:Y=1.502X_1+2.699X_4+8.554X_6+1.915X_8-41.547;日本七鳃鳗全长、吻长和眼后头长3个形态性状为自变量,体质量为因变量的多元回归方程:Y=4.895X_1+9.688X_5+6.973 X_8-157.460。东北七鳃鳗和日本七鳃鳗成体形态性状对体质量的分析为七鳃鳗优良亲本的人工选育以及其形态学研究提供参考依据。

东北七鳃鳗早期发育研究

通过开展东北七鳃鳗(Lampetra morii)胚胎、卵黄囊期仔鱼和幼鱼发育研究,系统地描述东北七鳃鳗的早期发育形态特征和生长发育规律。研究结果表明:东北七鳃鳗的卵裂为全裂类型,在(18±1)℃水温下,受精卵经卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、头凸期、孵出前期以及孵出期,历时11—12d孵育出仔鱼。初孵仔鱼体重为(0.00032±0.00002) g,全长为(0.29±0.02) cm。在卵黄囊期内,仔鱼体重和全长随日龄的增加而增长,吻长、眼径、眼鳃间距、口笠长、鳃前长、鳃长、头长、体长、尾长和泄殖孔长均存在异速生长现象。初孵仔鱼经过约15d(卵黄囊期)发育成幼鱼,幼鱼卵黄囊完全吸收,消化道贯通,形成肠道,开始摄食。在幼鱼期,经5 个月的培育,幼鱼体重和全长随月龄的增加而增长,体色逐渐加深,5月龄幼鱼的体重和全长分别为(0.07±0.01) g和(3.87±0.32) cm。东北七鳃鳗的早期发育研究为七鳃鳗发育生物学积累基础资料,同时也为七鳃鳗的人工增养殖提供了科学依据,推进七鳃鳗的模式化进程。