A case study on Landscape Component Niche based on Landscape Pattern Indices: Yanchi,Ningxia Province, China

Yanchi County is located in the agro-pastoral ecotone and belongs to the ecologically fragile area of Northwest China.It is important to study the evolution of landscape pattern to curb its environmental degradation.In order to intuitively show how the landscape pattern of the study area changes over time,Landsat Thematic Mappers(TM)and Landsat Operational Land Imager(OLI)data of 1991,2000,2010 and 2017 were used.This paper attempts to apply niche theories and methods into landscape ecology,and constructs a niche model of landscape components by using"n-dimentional hypervolume niche theory"and landscape pattern indices.By evaluating the spatial and temporal evolution of niche from the perspective of two-dimensional space to reflect the changes of landscape pattern in the study area over the past 26 years,new theories and methods were introduced for the characterization of landscape pattern.The results indicate that:1)The larger the attribute and dominance value of landscape components,the higher the ecological niche and the stronger the control effect on the overall landscape.2)The ecological niche of each landscape component was significantly different,just as its control effect on the overall landscape.3)The dynamic change of the ecological niche of each landscape component was different,with grassland,unused land and arable land always in a high dominant position,although the ecological niche of construction land and water area was always low.In general,the introduction of niche theory into the landscape ecology provided a new method to study the changes in regional landscape pattern.

Scale effect of coastal landscape pattern stability and driving forces:a case study of Guangdong Province,China

The long-term dynamic evolution and underlying mechanisms of coastal landscape pattern stability,driven by strong anthropogenic interference and consequently climate change,are topics of major interest in national and international scientific research.Guangdong Province,located in southeastern China,has been undergoing rapid urbanization over several decades.In this study,we quantitatively determined the scale threshold characteristics of coastal landscape pattern stability in Guangdong Province,from the dual perspective of spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation.An analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution of the coastal landscape was conducted after the optical scale was determined.Then,we applied the geodetector statistical method to quantitatively explore the mechanisms underlying coastal landscape pattern stability.Based on the inflection point of landscape metrics and the maximum value of the MoranⅠindex,the optimal scale for analyzing coastal landscape pattern stability in Guangdong Province was 240 m×240 m.Within the past several decades,coastal landscape pattern stability increased slightly and then decreased,with a turning point around 2005.The most significant variations in coastal landscape pattern stability were observed in the transition zone of rural-urban expansion.A q-statistics analysis showed that the explanatory power of paired factors was greater than that of a single driving factor;the paired factors with the greatest impact on coastal landscape pattern stability in Guangdong Province were the change in gross industrial output and change in average annual precipitation from 2010 to 2015,based on a q value of 0.604.These results will contribute to future efforts to achieve sustainable coastal development and provide a scientific basis and technical support for the rational planning and utilization of resources in large estuarine areas,including marine disaster prevention and seawall ecological restoration.

Noise-induced bistable switching dynamics through a potential energy landscape

Interlinked positive feedback loops,an important building block of biochemical systems,can induce bistable switching,leading to long-lasting state changes by brief stimuli.In this work,prevalent mutual activation between two species as another positive feedback is added to a generic interlinked positive-feedback-loop model originating from many realistic biological circuits.A stochastic fluctuation of the positive feedback strength is introduced in a bistable interval of the feedback strength,and bistability appears for the moderate feedback strength at a certain noise level.Stability analysis based on the potential energy landscape is further utilized to explore the noise-induced switching behavior of two stable steady states.

Temporal and spatial responses of ecological resilience to climate change and human activities in the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China

In the Anthropocene era,human activities have become increasingly complex and diversified.The natural ecosystems need higher ecological resilience to ensure regional sustainable development due to rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as other intensified human activities,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.In the study,we chose the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(EBNSTM)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as a case study.By collecting geographic data and statistical data from 2010 and 2020,we constructed an ecological resilience assessment model based on the ecosystem habitat quality(EHQ),ecosystem landscape stability(ELS),and ecosystem service value(ESV).Further,we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological resilience in the EBNSTM from 2010 to 2020 by spatial autocorrelation analysis,and explored its responses to climate change and human activities using the geographically weighted regression(GWR)model.The results showed that the ecological resilience of the EBNSTM was at a low level and increased from 0.2732 to 0.2773 during 2010–2020.The spatial autocorrelation analysis of ecological resilience exhibited a spatial heterogeneity characteristic of"high in the western region and low in the eastern region",and the spatial clustering trend was enhanced during the study period.Desert,Gobi and rapidly urbanized areas showed low level of ecological resilience,and oasis and mountain areas exhibited high level of ecological resilience.Climate factors had an important impact on ecological resilience.Specifically,average annual temperature and annual precipitation were the key climate factors that improved ecological resilience,while average annual evapotranspiration was the main factor that blocked ecological resilience.Among the human activity factors,the distance from the main road showed a negative correlation with ecological resilience.Both night light index and PM2.5 concentration were negatively correlated with ecological resilience in the areas with better ecological conditions,whereas in the areas with poorer ecological conditions,the correlations were positive.The research findings could provide a scientific reference for protecting the ecological environment and promoting the harmony and stability of the human-land relationship in arid and semi-arid areas.

Summary on the Harmonious Relationship between Urban Lake Landscapes and Lakeshore Architectural Image

A variety of high-rise building landscapes are trying to invade urban lakes resulting in the shrinkage, fragmentation, pollution of lakes and cut-down of vegetation along lakes. With the development of real estate along lakes, the local marginal lines and natural landscapes nearby are disappearing. How to plan urban landscapes＇？ How to achieve the harmonious relationship between lakeshore landscapes and lakeshore architectural image？ How to render lake sights an organic and sustainable whole？ How to balance the interest between economy and value for each interest group？ How to form urban lake sights and architectural images？ How to utilize and arrange the space？ How to form a harmonious relationship between the lake scenes and buildings in the city？ Through on-the-spot investigation and profound analysis of several lakes in Wuhan, applying enumeration, induction and analysis, the dissertation reveals that people need to share natural resources and get the support from laws and policies with the aim of building a beautiful home. In tmaa, people＇s anticipation is needed to achieve a harmonious relationship between landscapes and architectures.