A Comparison of Conventional and Shear-Rate Dependent Mohr-Coulomb Models for Simulating Landslides

Landslides may cause many fatalities and heavy economic losses,so it is vital to understand their mechanics so as to take appropriate measures to mitigate their risk.Phenomenally,the loose soil behaves like frictional material in most circumstances,so Mohr-Coulomb type equations are often used to describe their movement.However,these models generally do not consider the influence of the shearrate on the Mohr-Coulomb friction angle,so the shear-rate dependence effect on the soil flow and landslide runout is not well understood.This paper reports on an application of the incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH) method to the dynamics of dry granular assemblies.The traditional model with a constant friction angle is compared with the modified Mohr-Coulomb model with a variable friction angle related to the shear-rate.It is found that the shear-rate dependence effect is negligible for shallow granular flows along mild slopes.With steeper slopes of the ground and larger aspect ratios of the initial soil column,the rate-dependence effect becomes more important.

Modelling incompressible flows and fluid-structure interaction problems with smoothed particle hydrodynamics:Briefing on the 2017 SPHERIC Beijing International Workshop

The 2017 SPHERIC Beijing International Workshop（or SPHERIC Beijing 2017） was held at Peking University, in China,on October 17-20, 2017. This is the first time that the SPHERIC Workshop was held out of Europe. We are delighted to present nine contributions in this Special Column of the Journal of Hydrodynamics, and take this opportunity to announce that the 13 th SPHERIC Workshop（or SPHERIC 2018） will be held in Galway, Ireland in 2018 by the National University of Ireland, and the SPHERIC International Workshop in Harbin, China in 2019 by the Harbin Engineering University.

基于SPH方法的黏性泥石流堆积形态数值模拟

泥石流常常导致严重的灾难。黏性泥石流的运动符合宾汉流体运动规律,认为黏性泥石流遵循可压缩流Navier-Stokes方程,建立了基于无网格粒子算法的SPH数值模型。对SPH法的基本原理、核函数及控制方程离散格式、边界处理及数值解法等进行了介绍。在此基础上分析研究了黏性泥石流堆积运动过程,并与试验结果及其他理论方法得到的结果进行了比较,表明该方法能够模拟黏性泥石流的堆积运动过程。

库岸滑坡涌浪二维光滑粒子动力学数值模拟

库岸高速滑坡产生的巨大涌浪常常导致严重灾难。建立了高速滑坡块体运动全程预测模型,对滑坡冲击产生的水体运动,则根据可压缩流连续方程和Navier—Stokes方程由SPH法(光滑粒子动力学法)求解。对SPH法的基本原理、核函数及控制方程离散格式、边界处理方法等进行了介绍。在此基础上结合滑坡体及水体的运动变形,建立了涌浪SPH立面二维数值模型,将所得初始涌浪高度、波浪爬坡高度与其他理论方法得到的结果进行了比较。结果表明该方法能够模拟滑坡涌浪运动过程,SPH法适于模拟具有瞬时大变形等物理力学问题。

海冰动力学数值方法研究进展

在海冰动力学数值模拟和预测研究中,人们将海冰视为连续介质分别建立了欧拉坐标下的有限差分(FD)方法、拉格朗日坐标下的光滑质点流体动力学(SPH)方法、欧拉和拉格朗日坐标相结合的质点网格法(PIC),近年来又发展了基于非连续介质的颗粒流(GF)方法。对以上几种海冰动力学数值方法的特点和适用性进行了讨论,结果表明:FD、PIC和SPH方法可适用于中长期海冰动力学数值模拟,但SPH方法的计算效率需进一步提高;GF方法在不同尺度下的海冰动力学数值模拟中的计算精度均有很强的适用性,但目前较适用于小尺度下海冰动力学基本特性的数值试验研究,计算时效还不能满足实际海冰数值模拟和预测的要求。为进一步提高海冰动力学模拟的精度和适用性,在不同时空尺度下分别发展与其相适应的数值方法是必要的。

Numerical simulation of submarine landslide tsunamis using particle based methods

This paper presents the simulation of tsunamis due to rigid and deformable landslides with consideration of submerged conditions by using particle methods. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH）, as a particle based method, is for solving problems of fast moving boundaries in the field of continuum mechanics. Other particle based methods, like the discrete element method（DEM）, are suitable for modeling the displacement and the collision related to the rigid landslides. In the present work, we use the SPH and the DEM to simulate tsunamis generated by rigid and deformable landslides with consideration of submerged conditions. The viscous free-surface flows are solved by a weakly compressible SPH and the displacement and the rotation of the rigid body slides are calculated using a multi-sphere DEM allowing for modeling solids of arbitrarily complex shapes. The fluid-solid interactions are simulated by coupling the SPH and the DEM. A rheology model combining the Papanastasiou and the Herschel-Bulkley models is applied to represent the viscoplastic behavior of the non-Newtonian flow in the submarine deformable landslide cases. Submarine landslide tsunamis due to rigid and deformable landslides are both simulated as typical landslide cases in this investigation. Our simulated results and the previous experimental results in the literatures are in good agreement, which shows that the proposed particle based methods are capable of modeling the submarine landslide tsunamis.

An ISPH model for flow-like landslides and interaction with structures

An incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics（ISPH） model has been developed to investigate the flow-like landslide phenomena The landslide mass is idealized as rigid and perfectly-plastic material with a constant density. Unlike the widely-used explicit smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH） models for landslides, the Chorin＇s projection method is used herein to implicitly solve the normal stress via a pressure Poisson equation, leading to a realistic distribution of instantaneous stress fields free of spurious fluctuations. The capability of the model is demonstrated through three case studies, including the idealized granular flow, landslide interaction with a rigid barrier, and a historical cut-slope landslide in Hong Kong.